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  • Electronics on satellites must be hardened against radiation to operate reliably. The Hubble Space Telescope, among other satellites, often has its sensors...
    38 KB (4,489 words) - 16:28, 25 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Earth observation satellite
    per satellite, so three satellites, spaced 120° apart, can cover the whole Earth. This type of orbit is mainly used for meteorological satellites. Herman...
    15 KB (1,586 words) - 12:16, 1 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Satellite
    weapon delivery. Other satellites include the final rocket stages that place satellites in orbit and formerly useful satellites that later become defunct...
    59 KB (6,263 words) - 13:32, 7 June 2024
  • Cosmic Radiation Satellite (CORSA, also CORSA-A) was a Japanese space telescope. It was supposed to be Japan's first X-ray astronomy satellite but was...
    952 bytes (78 words) - 23:51, 24 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of radiation protection
    (spacewalk) and determine their exposure to radiation. Microelectronics on satellites must also be protected from radiation. Japanese scientists from the Japan...
    266 KB (33,050 words) - 00:09, 6 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Environmental Research Satellite
    be launched "piggyback" to other satellites during launch, detaching once in orbit, they were the smallest satellites launched to date—what would today...
    26 KB (1,969 words) - 19:50, 10 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for List of artificial radiation belts
    artificial radiation belts. The Starfish Prime radiation belt damaged the United Kingdom Satellite Ariel 1 and the United States satellites, Traac, Transit 4B...
    9 KB (841 words) - 05:13, 25 July 2023
  • Thumbnail for List of Earth observation satellites
    observation satellites are Earth-orbiting spacecraft with sensors used to collect imagery and measurements of the surface of the earth. These satellites are used...
    38 KB (1,190 words) - 13:05, 10 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Radiation
    particle radiation consists of particles of non-zero rest energy, such as alpha radiation (α), beta radiation (β), proton radiation and neutron radiation acoustic...
    47 KB (6,126 words) - 20:17, 11 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for South Atlantic Anomaly
    in this region and exposes orbiting satellites (including the ISS) to higher-than-usual levels of ionizing radiation. The effect is caused by the non-concentricity...
    16 KB (1,611 words) - 16:12, 28 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Earth Radiation Budget Satellite
    The Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) was a NASA scientific research satellite. The satellite was one of three satellites in NASA's research program...
    14 KB (1,565 words) - 10:48, 22 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Vela (satellite)
    (GPS) satellites. The program is now called the Integrated Operational NuDet (Nuclear Detonation) Detection System (IONDS). Twelve satellites were built...
    19 KB (1,979 words) - 11:23, 17 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Earth's energy budget
    globe. The NASA Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) project involved three such satellites: the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS), launched October...
    57 KB (5,983 words) - 19:01, 27 April 2024
  • sources of exposure of electronics to ionizing radiation are the Van Allen radiation belts for satellites, nuclear reactors in power plants for sensors...
    44 KB (5,092 words) - 19:50, 5 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Meteor (satellite)
    radiation, sea ice conditions, snow-cover, and clouds.[not verified in body] Between 1964 and 1969, a total of eleven Soviet Union Meteor satellites were...
    38 KB (2,528 words) - 09:59, 24 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Nyonoksa radiation accident
    satelity" [New nuclear accident theory: Underwater explosions released radiation, satellites suggest]. Aktuálně.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 15 October 2019. Dobrynin...
    44 KB (4,093 words) - 17:49, 27 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Weather satellite
    forecasts. The ESSA and NOAA polar orbiting satellites followed suit from the late 1960s onward. Geostationary satellites followed, beginning with the ATS and...
    30 KB (3,444 words) - 13:37, 2 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Elektron (satellite program)
    Allen radiation belts. Per decrees on 9 May 1960 and 13 May 1961, the satellites would consist of two identical pairs of spacecraft, the satellites of each...
    16 KB (1,494 words) - 12:07, 17 November 2023
  • Thumbnail for Non-ionizing radiation
    earth remote sensing satellites, and radio and satellite communications. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the...
    22 KB (2,516 words) - 23:32, 16 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Medium Earth orbit
    and XM Satellite Radio satellites and the Russian Molniya military communications satellites, after which it is named. Communications satellites in MEO...
    9 KB (989 words) - 02:10, 30 May 2024
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