Introduction. Pluralist Politics in Undemocratic Political Systems / Marina Ottaway and Amr Hamzawy -- 1. Incumbent Regimes and the "King's Dilemma" in the Arab World: Promise and Threat of Managed Reform / Michele Dunne and Marina Ottaway -- 2. Fighting on Two Fronts: Secular Parties in the Arab World / Marina Ottaway and Amr Hamzawy -- 3. Islamists in Politics: The Dynamics of Participation / Amr Hamzawy and Marina Ottaway -- Conclusion: Old Actors and New Arenas / Amr Hamzawy and Marina Ottaway.