NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE
Date and Time of the Query: 2024-04-25 T01:33:08 PDT
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You have selected the following parameters to search on:

Parameters for Distances and Cosmology: Ho= 73.0; Ωmatter = 0.27; Ωvacuum = 0.73;
Derived Quantities use a Redshift corrected to a Reference Frame defined by the 3K CMB

NED results for object MESSIER 031

1 objects found in NED.    
SOURCE LIST

 Row          Object Name                 EquJ2000.0       Object  Velocity/Redshift    Mag./  Separ.               Number of                                 Row 
 No.     (* => Essential Note)       RA               DEC  Type     km/s       z   Qual Filter arcmin Refs Notes Phot Posn Vel/z Diam Assoc Images   Spectra  No. 
1    MESSIER 031                    00h42m44.3s +41d16m09s G        -297 -0.000991 SUN   4.36    ...  5221    23  176   63    40   13     2 Retrieve Retrieve 1

Detailed information for each object

Object No. 1 - MESSIER 031

INDEX for MESSIER 031
Essential Data (jump to sub-section of this query report):

   Essential Note    
   Cross-IDs    
   Coordinates    
   Basic Data   
   Quantities Derived from Redshift    
   Redshift-Independent Distances
   Quick-Look Photometry and Luminosities
   Quick-Look Angular and Physical Sizes
   Classifications
   Foreground Galactic Extinction    
   External Services
Detailed Data (NED queries):
  • Images
  • 176 Photometric data point(s) and SED   
    		•  Spectra   
    Redshift-Independent Distances
    5221 Reference(s)   
    63 Position data point(s)
    40 Redshift data point(s)   
    13 Diameter data point(s)   
    23 Note(s)   
    2 Association(s)   
    UGC data    
    RC3 data    
    ESSENTIAL NOTE for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)
    N/A

    CROSS-IDENTIFICATIONS for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)
    Object Names Type Object Names Type
    MESSIER 031G CXO J004244.3+411608 XrayS
    NGC 0224 G CXOU J004244.35+411608.6 XrayS
    Andromeda Galaxy G CXOM31 J004244.3+411608 XrayS
    UGC 00454 G RX J0042.6+4115 XrayS
    CGCG 535-017 G 1RXS J004241.8+411535 XrayS
    CGCG 0040.0+4100 G MAXI J0043+410 XrayS
    MCG +07-02-016 G 2PBC J0042.6+4111 XrayS
    GIN 801 G XMMLPt 1010 XrayS
    B3 0040+409 RadioSXMMM31 J004244.1+411607 XrayS
    2MASX J00424433+4116074 IrS 2XMM J004244.5+411611 XrayS
    IRAS 00400+4059 IrS 2XMMp J004244.4+411612 XrayS
    IRAS F00400+4059 IrS EXSS 0039.9+4059 XrayS
    KTG 01C G 1H 0039+408 XrayS
    LDCE 0031 NED007 G 1ES 0039+409 XrayS
    HDCE 0029 NED003 G XSS J00425+4102 XrayS
    PGC1 0002557 NED001 G 2FGL J0042.5+4114 GammaS
    LQAC 010+041 001 G LGG 011:[G93] 001 G
    HOLM 017A G [PFJ93] 44 XrayS
    NSA 127580 G [SPB93] 010 G
    PGC 002557 G [MHH96] J004241+411531 XrayS
    UZC J004244.3+411608 G [VCV2001] J004244.3+411610 G
    11HUGS 013 G MESSIER 031:[KGP2002] r1-010 V*
    87GB 004002.2+405940 RadioSMESSIER 031:[PFH2005] 321 XrayS
    87GB[BWE91] 0040+4059 RadioSMESSIER 031:[VG2007] 001 XrayS
    6C B004001.6+410004 RadioSMESSIER 031:[VGB2016] 413 XrayS
    MY 0040+409A RadioS    
    2CXO J004244.3+411608A XrayS    
    CXO J004244.2+411608 XrayS    

    COORDINATES for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)

    Position Reference:2010ApJS..189...37E

    Reference    Frame     Longitude    Latitude        RA           DEC      Uncertainty Ellipse (arcsec)
                       (degrees)   (degrees)                              Semimajor Semiminor  PA(deg)
Equatorial (B1950.0)  10.0004738  40.9952444 00h40m00.1137s +40d59m42.880s  8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
Equatorial (J2000.0)  10.6847929  41.2690650 00h42m44.3503s +41d16m08.634s  8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
Ecliptic   (B1950.0)  27.1545055  33.3454198                              8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
Ecliptic   (J2000.0)  27.8493889  33.3488556                              8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
Galactic             121.1744050 -21.5729360                              8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
SuperGalactic        336.1933604  12.5521171                              8.00E-02  8.00E-02    0
    Additional detailed measurements with references are also available by clicking below:
    63 Position data point(s)

    REDSHIFT-INDEPENDENT DISTANCES for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)

    407 Distances found in NED View 407 Individual Distance Measurement(s) for MESSIER 031

    Summary Statistics computed by NED from 407 Distance(s) in the literature:
    NOTE: These summary statistics are provided for "quick-look" reference only;
    they are based exclusively on original values, as published.
    No homogenization or corrections have been applied.

    MESSIER 031 Distance Modulus
    (mag)    		 Metric Distance
    (Mpc)
    Mean 24.46 0.784
    Std. Dev. 0.23 0.120
    Min. 23.22 0.440
    Max. 27.24 2.800
    Median 24.45 0.779

    CLASSIFICATIONS (TYPES, ATTRIBUTES) for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)
    TypeAs PublishedNED HomogenizedFlagReference Code
    HierarchyTin a triple...1937AnLun...6....1H
    KinematicsHI line widthHI line width...1975MNRAS.170..503D
    Luminosity Class3.0LC II...1991RC3.9.C...0000d
    Galaxy MorphologySA(s)bSA(s)b...1991RC3.9.C...0000d
    Distance IndicatorTully-FisherTully-Fisher...2002ApJ...565..681R
    198 Detailed Classification(s)


    FOREGROUND GALACTIC EXTINCTION for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)
    Galactic Extinction from the Schlafly & Finkbeiner 2011, Appendix; 2011ApJ...737..103S (SF11) recalibration 
    of the Schlegel, Finkbeiner & Davis 1998, Appendix B; 1998ApJ...500..525S (SFD98) infrared-based dust map. 
    The map is based on dust emission from COBE/DIRBE and IRAS/ISSA; 
    the recalibration assumes a Fitzpatrick (1999PASP..111...63F) reddening law with Rv = 3.1 and different source spectrum than SFD98.
    
WARNING: This position is 0.005 arc minutes from the center of Messier 31.
The value of E(B-V) is not derived from the IRAS/COBE extinction maps. 
    See SFD98.

         L  a  n  d  o  l  tS  D  S  SU  K  I  R  T
    

    Filter [µm]U (0.35)B (0.43)V (0.54)R (0.64)I (0.80)u (0.36)g (0.47)r (0.62)i (0.75)z (0.89)J (1.25)H (1.66)K (2.19)L' (3.78)
    

    Aλ [mag]0.2690.2250.1700.1340.0930.2630.2050.1420.1050.0780.0440.0280.0190.009
    

    
  

Show/Hide Aλ magnitudes in all 88 photometric bands based on SF11
 

    For completeness, we include the original SFD98 values:
WARNING: This position is 0.005 arc minutes from the center of Messier 31.
The value of E(B-V) is not derived from the IRAS/COBE extinction maps. 
    See SFD98.

         L  a  n  d  o  l  tS  D  S  SU  K  I  R  T
    

    Filter [µm]U (0.34)B (0.44)V (0.54)R (0.65)I (0.81)u (0.35)g (0.49)r (0.63)i (0.78)z (0.93)J (1.27)H (1.67)K (2.22)L' (3.81)
    

    Aλ [mag]0.3370.2680.2060.1660.1200.3200.2350.1710.1290.0920.0560.0360.0230.009
    



    Galactic Extinction based on H I Column Densities and Galaxy Counts 
    (Burstein & Heiles; 1982AJ.....87.1165B) assuming Rv = 3.1:
    AB = 0.300 mag 

    See Notes on Galactic Extinction for important caveats.

    BASIC DATA for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)
    Helio. Radial Velocity     :      -297 +/-        1 km/s SUN  
Redshift                   : -0.000991 +/- 0.000003  SUN   2000UZC...C......0F
Major Diameter (arcmin)    : 190  
Minor Diameter (arcmin)    : 60   
Magnitude and Filter       :  4.36
Classifications            : SA(s)b         LINER

NOTE: This information is indicative only. With the exception of the
          redshift they are unreferenced and highly inhomogeneous as to
          their origin. The Radial Velocity (when available) is computed
          from the listed redshift. The remaining values are designed to
          orient the user with a quick-look, overall assessment of the
          general properties of the object in question. They are not
          averages nor are they standardized in any way.
    
Additional detailed measurements with references are also available by clicking below:
    40 Redshift data point(s)      176 photometric data point(s)      13 Diameter data point(s)      

    QUANTITIES DERIVED FROM REDSHIFT for MESSIER 031 (Details)(Back to INDEX)
    Calculated and Corrected Velocities
V (Heliocentric)           :    -297 +/-      1 km/s SUN  2000UZC...C......0F
V (Kinematic LSR)          :    -293 +/-      1 km/s SUN  1986MNRAS.221.1023K
V (Galactocentric GSR)     :    -119 +/-      7 km/s SUN  1991RC3.9.C...0000d
V (Local Group)            :     -31 +/-     16 km/s SUN  1996AJ....111..794K
V (3K CMB)                 :    -582 +/-     20 km/s SUN  1996ApJ...473..576F
V (Virgo Infall only)      :     -33 +/-     16 km/s SUN  2000ApJ...529..786M
V (Virgo + GA only)        :     -30 +/-     16 km/s SUN  2000ApJ...529..786M
V (Virgo + GA + Shapley)   :     -30 +/-     16 km/s SUN  2000ApJ...529..786M

Hubble Flow Distance and Distance Modulus (where Ho =   73.0 +/-   5 km/sec/Mpc)
D (Galactocentric GSR)     :    FLOW MODEL DOES NOT APPLY
D (Local Group)            :     N/A   
D (3K CMB)                 :     N/A   
D (Virgo Infall only)      :     N/A   
D (Virgo + GA only)        :     N/A   
D (Virgo + GA + Shapley)   :     N/A   

Scale at Hubble Flow Distances
Scale (Galactocentric GSR) :     N/A 
Scale (Local Group)        :     N/A 
Scale (3K CMB)             :     N/A 
Scale (Virgo Infall only)  :     N/A 
Scale (Virgo + GA only)    :     N/A 
Scale(Virgo + GA + Shapley):     N/A 


    

    








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from  to km/sec where V(Heliocentric) =   -297 km/sec  




    

    

Cosmology-Corrected Quantities [Ho =  73.00 km/sec/Mpc, Ωmatter =   0.27, Ωvacuum =   0.73]
[Redshift -0.003329 as corrected to the Reference Frame defined by the 3K Microwave Background Radiation]
Cosmology Computations unstable or undefined

    QUICK-LOOK PHOTOMETRY and LUMINOSITIES for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)

    The brightest flux in each of the following spectral regions, when available:
    Gamma-Ray (ν > 2E19 Hz); X-Ray (2E19 Hz > ν > 2E16 Hz); Ultraviolet (2E16 Hz > ν > 9E14 Hz); Visual (9E14 Hz > ν > 3E14 Hz);
    Near-Infrared (3E14 Hz > ν > 6E13 Hz); Mid-Infrared (6E13 Hz > ν > 7.5E12 Hz); Far-Infrared (7.5E12 Hz > ν > 1E12 Hz);
    Sub-Millimeter (1E12 Hz > ν > 3E11 Hz); Millimeter (3E11 Hz > ν > 3E10 Hz); Radio (3E10 Hz > ν).

    Spectral
    Region    		 Band Apparent Mag or Flux Refcode Absolute Mag or νLν [W] νLν [L☉(Bolometric)]
    Gamma-Ray0.1-100 GeV (Fermi) 6.5E-12 +/- 1.3E-12 erg/cm^2^/s 2012ApJS..199...31N 4.78E+31 +/- 9.55E+30 [W] 1.24E+05 +/- 2.48E+04
    X-Ray0.2-4.5 keV (XMM) 4.8E-13 +/- 8E-15 milliW/m^2^ 2005A&A...434..483P 3.53E+30 +/- 7.96E+28 [W] 9.18E+03 +/- 2.07E+02
    UltravioletNUV (GALEX) AB 8.00 +/- 0.01 mag 2007ApJS..173..185G-16.46 +/- 0.04 [mag] 5.78E+08 +/- 1.03E+07
    VisualV (V_T^0) 2.68 mag 1991RC3.9.C...0000d-21.78 [mag] 3.19E+10
    Near-InfraredH_tot (2MASS LGA) 1.283 +/- 0.017 mag 2003AJ....125..525J-23.18 +/- 0.04 [mag] 1.09E+10 +/- 2.39E+08
    Mid-Infrared12 microns (IRAS) 163.23 +/- 15 % Jy 1988ApJS...68...91R 3.00E+35 +/- 4.53E+34 [W] 7.79E+08 +/- 1.18E+08
    Far-InfraredFIR (IRAS) 5.43E-11 W m^-2^ 1988ApJS...68...91R 3.98E+35 [W] 1.03E+09
    Sub-Millimeter350 microns (SPIRE) 3122 +/- 220 Jy 2014A&A...567A..71V 1.97E+35 +/- 1.42E+34 [W] 5.11E+08 +/- 3.69E+07
    Radio1.4 GHz (VLA) 8600.0 milliJy 2002AJ....124..675C 8.85E+29 [W] 2.30E+03
    NOTE: The above quantities are derived using an estimated Distance Modulus of (24.46 +/- 0.23) mag corresponding to
    a Metric Distance of (0.784 +/- 0.120) Mpc using the Average NED-D value.
    The quantities quoted above have not necessarily been corrected for foreground extinction, and no K-Corrections have been applied.

    View details and SED for 176 Photometric data point(s) available in NED.

    QUICK-LOOK ANGULAR & PHYSICAL DIAMETERS for MESSIER 031 (Back to INDEX)

    The largest diameters in the Visual and Near-Infrared spectral regions, when available:

    Passband Apparent Major Axis
    (2a) [arcsec]    		 Apparent Minor Axis
    (2b) [arcsec]    		 PA
    [degrees]
    (J2000.0)    		 Reference Level RefcodePhysical Major Axis
    (2a) [kpc]    		 Physical Minor Axis
    (2b) [kpc]
    RC3 D_0 (blue) 12250.40...... 25.0 B-mag arcsec^-2^ 1991RC3.9.C...0000d46.56...
    K_s (LGA/2MASS "total") 6200.003472.0045 Diameter for "total" magnitude 2003AJ....125..525J2003AJ....125..525J23.5713.20
    NOTE: Physical diameters are derived using a scale of 0.0038 kpc/arcsec based on Average NED-D Metric Distance of (0.784 +/- 0.120) Mpc.
    The quantities quoted above have not necessarily been corrected for foreground extinction.

    View details for 13 Diameter data point(s) available in NED.

    EXTERNAL ARCHIVES AND SERVICES for MESSIER 031 Help (Back to INDEX)
    Resources for Object NamesSite/Service
    Query SIMBAD by primary NED object name -- MESSIER 031SIMBAD (CDS, Strasbourg, France)
    Revised New General Catalogue -- NGC 0224 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    Uppsala General Catalog -- UGC 00454 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    Original Zwicky Catalog -- CGCG 535-017 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    Query UZC Spectral Archive (60 arcsec search radius)Updated Zwicky Catalog Data (Harvard/SAO)
    Morphological Catalog of Galaxies -- MCG +07-02-016 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    The Third Bologna Survey -- B3 0040+409 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    2MASS Extended Source Images (JHKs) -- 2MASX J00424433+4116074 NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
    IRAS Faint Source Catalog -- IRAS F00400+4059 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    Catalogue of Principal Galaxies -- PGC 002557 VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
    Retrieve mean data from LEDA -- PGC 002557 The Lyon/Meudon Extragalactic Database (LEDA)
    Query GALEX (NUV/FUV) Mission Archive (7.2 arcsec search radius) -- MESSIER 031GALEX Mission Data Archive at MAST
    Explore IRSA resources with RADAR (10 arcsec search radius) -- MESSIER 031NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
    Resources for position 00h42m44.3s, +41d16m09s (J2000)Site/Service
    Query Optical and UV Mission Archives (Default search radius)Multimission Archive at STScI (MAST)
    Query High Energy Mission Archives (Default search radius)HEASARC (NASA/GSFC)
    Query IRSA for WISE images (10 arcmin search radius)NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
    Band(s): Size:
    		NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
    Band(s): Size:
    		NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
    		 NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
     Size:    Contours (PS)  JPEG  FITS File 
    		NRAO/VLA Sky Survey (NVSS)
    		The NRAO Data Archive System

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