Skip to main content
Log in

Anomie and corporate deviance

  • Articles
  • Published:
Contemporary Crises Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper elaborates on Merton's theory of anomie, while aiming at the enhancement of our understanding of processes conducive to corporate deviance. It attempts to consolidate points made by theorists operating in diverse, often considered as conflicting, orientations or perspectives. A “synthetic” or “integrated scheme” is, thus, put forward, which can help appreciate the background against which corporate deviance is likely to occur. Moreover, it is argued that contemporary societies are inherently conducive to anomic trends. Such trends bring about not only lower-class deviance and crime — to which anomie theory has been traditionally applied — but also high-class and corporate deviance. Against claims by some scholars that the former is a matter of greater concern, it is suggested that the latter is at least as serious a problem and that it has significant implications for the social order.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arlacchi, P.,Mafia Business: The Mafia Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (London: Verso, 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, J.S., “Social Irresponsibility in Management”,Journal of Business Research 1977 (5), 185–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aubert, V., “White-Collar Crime and Social Structure”, in G. Geis (ed.),White-Collar Criminal: The Offender in Business and the Professions (New York: Atherton Press, 1968), 173–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumhart, R.C., “How Ethical Are Businessmen?” in G. Geis (ed.),White-Collar Criminal: The Offender in Business and the Profession (New York: Atherton Press, 1968), 119–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bequai, A.,White-Collar Crime: A Twentieth Century Crisis (Lexington and Toronto: D.C. Heath, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, S. and R. Edwards,Understanding Capitalism (New York: Harper and Row, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • Box, S.,Ideology, Crime and Mystification (London and New York: Tavistock, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, D. and R. Wilkie,The Concept of Organisation (Glasgow and London: Blackie, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, J., “The Myth of Social Class and Criminality Reconsidered”.American Sociological Review 1981 (46: 1), 36–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, J., “Enforced Self-Regulation: A New Strategy for Corporate Crime Control”.Michigan Law Review 1982 (80: 7), 1466–1507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, J.,Corporate Crime in the Pharmaceutical Industry (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, [1984], 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carson, W.G., “White-Collar Crime and the Enforcement of Factory Legislation,” in W.G. Carson and P. Wiles (eds.),The Sociology of Crime and Delinquency in Britain (London: Martin Robertson, [1971], 1975), Vol. 1, 220–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carson, W.G.,The Other Price of Britain's Oil: Safety and Control in the North Sea (Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambliss, W.J., “Vice, Corruption, Bureaucracy and Power,” in W.J. Chambliss and M. Mankoff (eds.),Whose Law? What Order? A Conflict Approach to Criminology (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1976), 162–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clinard, M.B.,Corporate Ethics and Crime (London: Sage, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clinard, M.B. and D.J. Abbott,Crime in Developing Countries: A Comparative Perspective (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clinard, M.B. and R. Quinney,Criminal Behavior Systems: A Typology (New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clinard, M.B., P.C. Yeager, J. Brissette, D. Petrashek and E. Harries,Illegal Corporate Behavior (Washington, D.C.: Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clinard, M.B. and P.C. Yeager,Corporate Crime (New York: The Free Press, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • Conklin, J.,Illegal But Not Criminal: Business Crime in America (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cressey, D.R.,Other People's Money: A Study in the Social Psychology of Embezzlement (Glencoe: The Free Press, 1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, F.T.,Rethinking Crime and Deviance Theory: The Emergence of a Structuring Tradition (Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman & Allanheld, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, F., B.G. Link, and C.W. Polanzi, “The Seriousness of Crime Revisited: Have Attitudes Towards White-Collar Crime Changed?”Criminology 1982 (20: 1), 83–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, F.T., W.J. Maakestad, and G. Cavender, “The Ford Pinto Case and Beyond: Corporate Crime, Moral Boundaries and the Criminal Sanction”, in E. Hochstedler (ed.),Corporations as Criminals (Beverly Hills, London and New Delhi: Sage, 1984), 107–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, F.T., W.J. Maakestad, and G. Cavender,Corporate Crime Under Attack (Cincinnati: Anderson, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahrendorf, R.,Law and Order: The Hamlyn Lectures (London: Stevens & Son, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • Denzin, N.K., “Notes on the Criminogenic Hypothesis: A Case Study of the American Liquor Industry”,American Sociological Review 1977 (42: 6), 905–920.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durkheim, E.,Suicide (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, [1930], 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ermann, M.D. and R.J. Lundman,Corporate Deviance (New York: Holt, Rinchart & Winston, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • Finney, H.C. and H.R. Lesieur, “A Contingency Theory of Organizational Crime”, in S.B. Bacharach (ed.),Research in the Sociology of Organizations (Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M.,Surveiller et Punir (Paris: Gallimard, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  • Geis, G., “The Heavy Electrical Equipment Antitrust Cases of 1961”, in G. Geis (ed.),White-Collar Criminal: The Offender in Business and the Professions (New York: Atherton Press, 1968), 103–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Getschow, G., “Some Middle Managers Cut Corners to Achieve High Corporate Goals”,The Wall Street Journal, 1979 (Nov. 8: 1).

  • Gibbons, D.C.,Society, Crime and Criminal Behavior, 5th ed. (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, M.J.,The Closed Enterprise System: Ralph Nader's Study Group Report on Antitrust Enforcement (New York: Grossman, 1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross, E., “Organisational Crime: A Theoretical Perspective”, in N. Denzin (ed.),Studies in Symbolic Interaction (Greenwich: JAI Press, 1978a), 55–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross, E., “Organisations as Criminal Actors”, in J. Braithwaite and P. Wilson (eds.),The Two Faces of Deviance (St. Lucia, Queensland: Queensland University Press, 1978b), 199–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, R.H.,Organisations: Structure and Process (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackall, R., “Crime in the Suites”,Contemporary Sociology 1980 (9: 3), 354–358.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellens, G., “Sociological and Psychological Aspects [of Economic Crime]”, in European Committee on Crime Problems,Criminological Aspects of Economic Crime (Strasbourg, 1977), 69–111.

  • Kinsey, R., J. Lea and J. Young,Losing the Fight Against Crime (Oxford: Blackwell, 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kramer, R.C., “Corporate Criminality: the Development of an Idea” in E. Hochstedler (ed.),Corporations as Criminals (Beverly Hills and London: Sage, 184), 13–37.

  • Krisberg, B.,Crime and Privilege: Toward a New Criminology (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lea, J. and J. Young,What is to be done about Law and Order? (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Leigh, L.H., “Policy and Punitive Measures in Respect of Economic Offences”, in European Committee on Crime Problems,Criminological Aspects of Economic Crime (Strasbourg, 1977), 113–180.

  • Levi, M.,Regulating Fraud: White-Collar Crime and the Criminal Process (London and New York: Tavistock, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • Matza, D.,Becoming Deviant (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, M., “Changes in the Organisation of Thieving”, in S. Cohen (ed.),Images of Deviance (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, [1971], 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, M.,The Organisation of Crime (London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R.K., “Priorities in Scientific Discovery: A Chapter in the Sociology of Science”,American Sociological Review 1957 (22: 6), 635–659.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R.K.,Social Theory and Social Structure (New York: The Free Press, 1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Passas, N., “Anomie and Relative Deprivation”, paper presented at the plenary session of the annual meeting of theEastern [American] Sociological Society (Boston, U.S.A., 1987).

  • Passas, N., “Merton's Theory of Anomie and Deviance: an Elaboration”, (Ph. D. thesis, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1988).

    Google Scholar 

  • Passas, N., “Understanding High Status Occupational Deviance”, paper delivered at the AnnualSocio-Legal Conference (Edinburgh, Scotland, 1989).

  • Pearce, F.,The Crimes of the Powerful: Marxism, Deviance and Crime (London: Pluto Press, 1976).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, T.J. and R.H. Waterman, Jr.,In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best Run Corporations (New York: Harper & Row, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, F.M.,Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrager, L.S. and J.F. Short, Jr., “Toward a Sociology of Organisational Crime”,Social Problems 1978 (25: 4), 407–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, L.J.,Criminology (St. Paul: West, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • Silk, L. and D. Vogel,Ethics and Profits: The Crisis of Confidence in American Business (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1976).

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H.A., “Theories of Decision Making in Economics and Behavioural Science”, in F.G. Castles, D.J. Murray, C.J. Pollitt and D.C. Potter (eds.),Decisions, Organisations and Society (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1976), 30–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smart, A., “The Informal Regulation of Illegal Economic Activities: Comparisons between the Squatter Property Market and Organised Crime”,International Journal of the Sociology of Law 1988 (16: 1), 91–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R.A., “The Incredible Electrical Conspiracy”, in M.E. Wolfgang, L. Savitz and N. Johnston (eds.),The Sociology of Crime and Delinquency (New York: Wiley, 1970), 529–548.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, J.C., A Study of Incarcerated White-Collar Offenders, in G. Geis (ed.),White-Collar Criminal: The Offender in Business and the Professions (New York: Atherton Press, 1968), 335–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staw, B.M. and E. Szwajkowski, “The Scarcity-Munificence Component of Organisational Environments and the Commission of Illegal Acts”,Administrative Science Quarterly, 1975 (20: 3), 345–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stinchcombe, A.L., “Merton's Theory of Social Structure”, in L.A. Coser, (ed.),The Idea of Social Structure: Papers in Honor of Robert K. Merton (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), 11–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stouffer, S. and J. Toby, “Role Conflict and Personality”,American Journal of Sociology, 1951 (56: 5: 5), 395–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland, E.H.,White Collar Crime (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, [1949], 1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, G.M. and D. Matza, “Techniques of Neutralisation: A Theory of Delinquency”,American Sociological Review, 1957 (22: 6), 664–670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szasz, A., “Corporations, Organized Crime, and the Disposal of Hazardous Waste: An Examination of the Making of a Criminogenic Regulatory Structure”,Criminology, 1986 (24: 1), 1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiedemann, K., “Phenomenology of Economic Crime”, in European Committee on Crime Problems,Criminological Aspects of Economic Crime (Strasbourg, 1977), 9–68.

  • Vaughan, E., “Toward Understanding Unlawful Organizational Behavior”,Michigan Law Review, 1982 (80: 7), 1377–1402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaughan, E.,Controlling Unlawful Organizational Behavior: Social Structure and Corporate Misconduct (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, [1983], 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • Whyte, W.F., “Social Organisation in the Slums”,American Sociological Review, 1943 (8), 34–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J.Q.,Thinking About Crime (New York: Vintage, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, T., “Corporate Crime: A Critique of the Clinard Report”,Contemporary Crises, 1981 (5), 323–336.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Passas, N. Anomie and corporate deviance. Contemporary Crises 14, 157–178 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00728269

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00728269

Keywords

Navigation