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{{Short description|President of North Yemen from 1977 to 1978}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ahmad bin Hussein al-Ghashmi
| image = Ahmad al-Ghashmi.jpg
|
| office = 4th [[President of the Yemen Arab Republic]]
| primeminister = [[Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani]]
|
| term_end = 24 June 1978
|
| successor = [[Abdul Karim Abdullah al-Arashi]]
| vicepresident =
| party = None ([[Military of Yemen|Military]]) | spouse =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1935|08|21|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1978|06|24|1935|08|21|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[
| death_place = [[Sana'a]], [[Yemen Arab Republic|North Yemen]]
| death_cause = Assassination by explosion
| placeofburial =
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| nickname =
| birth_name =
| allegiance = {{flag|North Yemen}}
| branch =
| serviceyears = 1956–1978
| rank
| servicenumber =
| unit =
| commands =
| battles = *[[North Yemen Civil War]]
| battles_label =
|
|
|
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->▼
▲| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
}}
'''Ahmad bin Hussein al-Ghashmi''' (
==Early life and career==
Ahmad (Ahmed) al-Ghashmi was born in [[Hamdan District]], [[Sanaa Governorate]].<ref name="natyem">{{cite web |title=A History of Yemeni Presidents |url=https://www.webcitation.org/6EA2Vim9H?url=http://nationalyemen.com/2012/10/16/a-history-of-yemeni-presidents/ |website=National Yemen Newspaper |access-date=12 November 2023}}</ref> According to some sources he was born in 1938,<ref name="rulers" /> but according to others<ref name="natyem" /> he was born in 1941.
After the [[coup d'état]] of September 26, 1962, the [[North Yemen Civil War]] (1962-1970) began. Al-Gashmi took part in it on the side of [[Abdullah al-Sallal]] against [[Muhammad al-Badr]].<ref name="natyem" /><ref name="rulers" />
By the time [[Ibrahim al-Hamdi]] was president of Yemen, al-Gashmi was vice president of the Leadership Council and Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces.<ref name="natyem" />
On 11 October 1977, al-Hamdi was assassinated and al-Gashmi took over the country.<ref name="rulers" /><ref name="DMartin" /> A man believed to be a Saudi agent was accused of assassinating the president. Al-Gashmi himself was also suspected.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Metcalfe |first1=Beverley |last2=Mimouni |first2=Fouad |title=Leadership Development in the Middle East |date=1 January 2011 |publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing |isbn=978-0-85793-811-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nsRXg8BEsg0C |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Terrill |first1=W. Andrew |title=The Conflicts in Yemen and U.s. National Security |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep11758?seq=21 |publisher=Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Derhem |first1=Waleed |title=The tribe during president Saleh: a friend or a foe |url=https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/1466/ |website=Theses and Dissertations |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=11 June 2020}}</ref>
== Activities as President ==
President al-Ghashmi reinstated the 1970 Constitution, which had previously been suspended by [[Ibrahim al-Hamdi|al-Hamdi]], the country's previous President, in 1974. However, an important body such as the Consultative Council was not reinstated, and at the same time the office of the President was introduced.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Burrowes |first1=Robert D. |title=The Yemen Arab Republic's Legacy and Yemeni Unification |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41858029 |website=Arab Studies Quarterly |access-date=12 November 2023 |pages=41–68 |date=1992}}</ref>
He appointed [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]] as military governor in [[Taiz]], who became the next president.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Mr Sajid |title=Yemen Conundrum |url=http://www.journal.ciss.org.pk/index.php/ciss-insight/article/view/154 |website=CISS Insight Journal |access-date=12 November 2023 |pages=P65–78 |language=en |date=28 July 2015}}</ref>
== Death ==
His assassination occurred on 24 June 1978 when he was meeting an envoy sent by [[People's Democratic Republic of Yemen]] President [[Salim Rubai Ali]] and a briefcase, reportedly containing a secret message, exploded, killing both al-Ghashmi and the envoy. It is not conclusively known who set off the explosion.<ref name="DMartin" /><ref>{{cite web |agency=Associated Press |title=President of Yemen Reported Murdered |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/06/25/archives/president-of-yemen-reported-murdered-yemen-president-is-reported.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=25 June 1978}}</ref>
Coincidentally, Rubai Ali died in a [[coup]] three days after this event.
==See also==
* [[NDF Rebellion]]
* [[List of heads of state of Yemen]]
==References==
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[[Category:Presidents of North Yemen]]
[[Category:Assassinated Yemeni politicians]]
[[Category:Assassinated heads of state]]▼
[[Category:People murdered in Yemen]]
[[Category:People from Sanaa Governorate]]
[[Category:Deaths by explosive device]]
[[Category:1970s assassinated politicians in Asia]]
[[Category:Assassinated politicians in 1978]]
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