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prohibit music (instruments and singing); however, other Muslims disagree and believe that some forms of music are permitted. Despite this controversy, music...

from Eastern Europe via the Arab slave trade. Collectively, Christian Europeans named all the Muslims of Iberia, "Moors", regardless of ethnic origin...

there is a need for Europe to defend these values, especially in times of globalization and migration from Muslim countries. On the other hand, Tibi argues...

Sander, Åke (2004). "Islam and Muslims in Germany: Muslims in German History until 1945" (PDF). State Policies Towards Muslim Minorities: Sweden, Great Britain...

Lebanon's Muslim community to form 50% of the parliament, despite the Druze and Muslims having very different beliefs. Most Druze do not identify as Muslims, and...

times, some Muslims have adopted clothing based on Western traditions, while others wear modern forms of traditional Muslim dress, which over the centuries...

There are other moments in which the Europeans mention devilry or call Muslims infidels. Stock says DeMille established "the stereotypes of Richard and...

and has mostly been relegated to the Muslim community in Europe, with most Saudi Arabians not taking the edicts of Madkhalists seriously. Political scientist...

charities). The jurisdiction of the qadi was availed by Muslims and non-Muslims alike. The jagirdar (local tax collector) was another kind of official approach...

High Middle Ages Europe and Mediterranean region The High Middle Ages, or high medieval period, was the period of European history that lasted from AD...

of Europeans towards Biodiversity, Awareness and Perceptions of EU customs, and Perceptions of Antisemitism. European Commission. Archived from the original...

encouraged Muslims living under European powers to unite under one polity. This threatened several European countries: Austria through Bosnian Muslims; Russia...

İzmir and Mersin. Anatolian Muslims called Levantines Frenk (first used for French, then for all non-Orthodox Europeans) and tatlısu Frengi (lit. 'freshwater...

Studycountry (in European Spanish). Retrieved 27 July 2018. Robert C. Ostergren; Mathias Le Bossé (7 March 2011). The Europeans: A Geography of People, Culture...

Most Tanzanian Muslims are Sunni Muslims, though there are also populations of Ibadi, Shia, Ahamadiya, Bohora. Muslims are concentrated in coastal areas...

Former Muslims or ex-Muslims are people who were Muslims, but subsequently left Islam. Although their numbers have increased, ex-Muslims still face ostracism...

Deccan. The children of Muslim masters and non-Muslim concubines would be raised as Muslims. When Muslims would surround Rajput citadels, the Rajput women...

This is the list of the Muslims in entertainment and the media outside Muslim-majority countries Ahmed Ahmed – standup comedian, actor Humza Arshad –...

federal prime-minister was a declared "Muslim" and an atheist. The spike in the number of self-declared "Muslims" during socialist Yugoslavia times should...

there was no tide of European overseas expansion and colonization. However, by the Twentieth Century, both Christians and Muslims have reached America...

and 99% of the population of the Gaza Strip. The largest denomination among Palestinian Muslims are Sunnis, comprising 98–99% of the total Muslim population...

percent of the seats reserved for Muslims. The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. Most of the Muslim seats were won by regional Muslim parties...

Two others were severely injured. The murders took place at 7700 16th Street NW, a Washington, D.C. house purchased for a group of Hanafi Muslims to use...

The New Order (German: Neuordnung) of Europe was the political and social system that Nazi Germany wanted to impose on the areas of Europe that it conquered...

have done so as early as the eleventh century, although Muslims had visited Indonesia early in the Muslim era. The spread of Islam was driven by increasing...

thousands of Europeans lived in Imperial China during the Yuan dynasty. These were people from countries traditionally belonging to the lands of Christendom...

discourse, šarīʿah refers to religious regulations governing the lives of Muslims. For many Muslims, the word means simply "justice," and they will consider any...

list of notable British Muslims. Haroon Ahmed  – Emeritus Professor of Microelectronics at the Cavendish Laboratory, the Physics Department of the University...

the ongoing revival of town centres due to East Europeans economic activity. In June 2016, a referendum on the country's membership of the European Union...

themselves with other Slavic Muslims in Bosnia. A mixture of Slavic and Albanian speakers made up the Muslim population of Sandžak at the end of the nineteenth...

2017. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020. Yearbook of Muslims in Europe Archived 27 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Volume...

within the Ottoman administrative and political machinery had over that of non-Muslims. As Muslims, the Albanians attained powerful positions in the Ottoman...

thought and movements like Ahmadi Muslims, Quranist Muslims, and African-American Muslims later emerged independently. Muslims who do not belong to, do not...

Parsees 1913-14 – Hindus shared with Muslims 1914-15 – Hindus shared with Parsees 1915-16 – Europeans 1916-17 – Europeans shared with Parsees 1917-18 – Hindus...

elected seats. The Muslim League won all Muslim constituencies, but failed to win any other seats. Of the 13 remaining seats, 8 went to Europeans, 3 to independents...

Ptolemy. The border between Asia and Europe was historically defined by European academics. The Don River became unsatisfactory to northern Europeans when...

the financial crisis that hit several European countries in that period, has pushed up the number of Europeans settled in France. Statistics on Spanish...

by violence and threats of expulsion) and on Muslim converts to Catholicism. The scale of the persecution of converted Muslims and converted Jews in Spain...

of Muslims in Europe and the Gülen", in Weller, Paul; Ihsan, Yilmaz (eds.), European Muslims, Civility and Public Life: Perspectives On and From the Gülen...

number of Moroccan Muslims are converting to Christianity. Before the independence in 1956; Tunisia was home to 255,000 Europeans, mostly Christians. The Christian...

Racism within the Muslim world is a source of concern, particularly for Black Muslims and other Muslims of color. Black Muslims throughout the world report...

degeneration of the Muslims. Most of the Muslim states became the colonies of the European states. Then the industrial revolution, development of science and...

the Turkish state, only Greek, Armenian and Jewish non-Muslims were granted minority protection by the Lausanne Treaty. [...] Except for non-Muslim populations...

convict Jews, Muslims, or any open member of other religions. Anyone who was known to identify as either Jew or Muslim was outside of Inquisitorial jurisdiction...

contradictory. The state registering everyone as Muslim by birth misleads the percentage of Muslims in Turkey. There are many people who follow other religions...

unrelated to Middle Easterners and Europeans. In contrast to distant Middle Easterners and Europeans with whom the Muslims of China are not significantly related...

other defensive option, eventually joined the Muslims, understanding from Muhammad's clear decree that Muslims could only raid non-Muslims, thus the most...

at forming a Franco-Mongol alliance with the Christians of Europe against the Muslims. Mongol contacts with the West also led to many missionaries, primarily...

considered to be among the greatest of the 20th century, and his vision of a cultural and political ideal for the Muslims of British-ruled India is widely...

further falling in the 1980s, the birth rate amongst Soviet Muslims remained consistently higher than those who were non-Muslims. The Soviet Union promoted...

attributed the rise of the castle to a reaction to attacks by Magyars, Muslims, and Vikings and a need for private defence. The breakdown of the Carolingian...

for a European "cultural suicide." The text called for the deportation of all Muslims from Europe and Breivik wrote that his main motive for the attacks...

incomplete list of notable Muslims who live or lived in the United States. Asad Abidi – Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of California...

"Muslim institutions and organizations in Romania". Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe: Widening the European Discourse on Islam. University of Warsaw...

Middle Ages, ruled by the Nasrid dynasty. It was the last independent Muslim state in Western Europe. Muslims had been present in the Iberian Peninsula,...

In Norway, the far-right terrorist Anders Behring Breivik expressed ideas about cultural incompatibility between Muslims and other Europeans, as opposed...

convinced the Southeast Asian Muslims, and indeed Muslims throughout the world, that the gold standard is Saudi Arabia, that that is the real good Muslim. Laurent...

teams – the Europeans, the Parsees, The Hindus and the Muslims – playing each other. 1892–93: Parsees 1893–94: Europeans 1894–95: Europeans shared with...

throughout the Arab-Muslim world. They also enslaved Europeans (known as Saqaliba), as well as Caucasian and Turkic peoples, from coastal areas of the Mediterranean...

Participazio. A sudden outbreak of plague killed many of the Muslim troops, as well as Asad himself, forcing the Muslims to retreat to the castle Mineo. They later...

During the era of Al-Andalus on the Iberian Peninsula (711–1492), the Maghreb's inhabitants — the Muslim Maghrebis — were known by Europeans as the "Moors"...

massacre of the day occurred at the El-Halia pyrite-mining town, where about 130 Europeans and 2,000 Muslims lived and worked together. The mob was composed...

expeditions in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Southeast Europe, and Africa. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves decreased...

Europe. In Britain, according to an article in the British Muslims Monthly Survey, the majority of new Muslim converts were women. According to The Huffington...

while Arab and other Muslim countries represent about 20%. Sub-Saharan African Muslims account for about 5%, and 15% are other Europeans. Luxembourg's...

ancient relation with West Asia and the Middle East, even during the pre-Islamic period. Kerala Muslims or Malayali Muslims from north Kerala are generally...

others. Albanian society was still traditionally divided between four religious communities. In the Albanian census of 1945, Muslims were 72% of the population...

Ukrainian Muslim population of 393,000, but the Clerical Board of Ukraine's Muslims claimed there were two million Muslims in Ukraine as of 2009. According...

an army sent by the Third Caliph of Islam, Uthman, conquered Eastern Georgia and established Muslim rule in Tbilisi. Currently, Muslims constitute approximately...

Islam is the second-largest religion in South Asia, with more than 640 million Muslims living there, forming about one-third of the region's population...

Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), communally and historically known as matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوال mutawālin; pronounced...

amounts of respondents are comfortable with some restrictions on Islamic practices like the governmental surveillance of Muslims. Americans Muslims face...

campaigns directed at the country's Muslim minority. The "Revival Process" was in turn followed by the forced expulsion of over 300,000 Muslims in 1989. "Revival...

relationship between the discrimination Muslims face at work and their job satisfaction. In other words, the discrimination hijab-wearing Muslim women face at...

and other notable groups from Europe. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations shown in the first...

number of Western countries, including the United States and the European Union, who assert that the states were independent countries occupied by the Soviet...

in some European nations, and that there are "pockets of Europe" where Muslims have limited access to education or jobs and extremist Muslims "come in...

African-American Muslims, also colloquially known as Black Muslims, are an African American religious minority. African American Muslims account for over 20% of American...

Center survey gave 7%. Thai Muslims are the largest religious minority in the country. Most Thai Muslims are Sunni Muslims, although Thailand has a diverse...

Australian Muslim leader Ameer Ali said Australian Muslims must "accept the Pope's apology" over remarks that offended Islam and "move on". Filipino Muslims expressed...

their religion. The Bosniaks make up the basis or 75% of the Muslim community in Serbia, while most other Muslims being ethnic Albanians or Romani. Bosniaks...

government of Albania provides financial support to the Catholic Church, the Albanian Orthodox Church, Sunni Muslims, and Bektashi Sufi Muslims. The government...

defence of Muslim lands simultaneously constituting the reason for titling the league Committee of the Real Muslims. Approximately 300 Muslims participated...

Muslim supporters of Israel refers to both Muslims and cultural Muslims who support the right to self-determination of the Jewish people and the likewise...

orthodox Muslims' opinions on the former group is more mixed (either that 'Muslim followers of Jesus' are 'heterodox Muslims', 'heretical Muslims' or 'crypto-Christian...

regarding the areas Jews could live in or work, which were similar to the restrictions placed on Ottoman subjects of other religions. Like all non-Muslims, Jews...

God. Shia Muslims believe that all the Muslim caliphs following Muhammad's death to be illegitimate due to their unjust rule and that Muslims have no obligation...

to non-Muslims and Muslims alike. Ottomanism was inspired and formed as a reaction to European ideas and the growing Western involvement in the Ottoman...

but all other Muslims, except Muslim Romani, who were counted separately. After the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) and the establishment of the Principality...

disguise themselves as Muslims. There are examples of non-Arab Muslim populations assisting Jews to escape from the Holocaust in Europe, in Albania for example...

the policies of the Turkish and Iranian governments of the time. Turkey sought integration with the free-market economies and democracies of Europe,...

and the term Franks for the European incomers. However, relatively few of the incoming Europeans took a crusader oath. The Latin chronicles of the First...

occasionally entered the Atlantic and struck as far north as Iceland. According to Robert Davis, between 1 million and 1.25 million Europeans were captured by...

their Muslim population. The use of Sharia in non-Muslim countries and on non-Muslims is debated. Sharia is a religious law forming part of the Islamic...

designation of Turkic Muslims into different ethnicities which could sow disunion among Turkic Muslims. After the Communist victory, the Chinese Communist...

that, at the height of Muslim rule, Muladis or Muslims of pre-Islamic Iberian origin were likely to constitute the large majority of Muslims in Spain...

(sharia has laws on the transaction of business with both Muslims and non-Muslims[citation needed]). To cement their rules, Muslim rulers initially promoted...

the European Economic Community, along with other international bodies. Since joining, the constitutional implications for the UK had been a topic of...

639–640: The Muslims subjugate Egypt, thus severing most direct Eastern-Roman (and hence European) trade with India and eastern Asia. 1160–1173: The Navarrese...

many of which eventually spread to other languages in Europe. The Spanish Muslims established the sequences of dishes which was to permeate the entire...

characterizes a period of colonial expansion by European powers, the United States, and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The period featured...

with a sense that the cartoons insulted Muhammad and Islam, offended many Muslims. Danish Muslim organisations that objected to the depictions responded...

news and other media outlets. Some Muslims have spoken out against 9/11. A 2007 Pew Research Center study of several nations throughout the Muslim world...

countries in Western Europe, Muslims tend to live in the larger cities of Finland like Helsinki, Tampere, Oulu and Turku. Hundreds of Muslim asylum seekers...

were put to death, and when the records ˹of deeds˺ are laid open, and when the sky is stripped away, and when the Hellfire is fiercely flared up, and when...

1914, Muslim, Greek and Armenian population In 1865, 658600 (40,51%) Muslims and 967058 (59,49%) non-Muslims, including females, were living in the province...

member of the Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE). While representing the interests of Muslims, especially...

jihads by Muslims against non-Muslim Mandinka, non-religious reasons such as economic greed of Islamic elites who wanted imports from the coast, and...

Arabs and Muslims" (p. 293). Noam Chomsky has criticized the concept of the clash of civilizations as just being a new justification for the United States...

Muslims are Muslims from countries in Latin America. A survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2010[update] found that Muslims make up 0.1% of...

total Muslims in Slovenia) declared themselves as ethnic Slovenian Muslims. The official language in Slovenia is Slovene, which is a member of the South...

Muslims and the Sikhs. The Europeans played occasional matches against other teams, including Marylebone Cricket Club in 1926. Other Europeans teams took...

modern Lebanese state. The major religious groups among the Lebanese people within Lebanon are Shia Muslims (27%), Sunni Muslims (27%), Maronite Christians...

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the...

while the Sharia courts handle personal, family, and religious matters in cases between Muslims or between Muslims and non-Muslims. Non-Muslim communities...

medieval and early modern European tradition he was considered to be the progenitor of the European peoples. The meaning of the name Japheth (יפת‎: y-p-t)...

Fußballverbände) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football. It governs football, futsal and beach football in Europe and the transcontinental...

ex-Muslims in the United States include Ex-Muslims of North America (EXMNA, co-founded by Muhammad Syed, Sarah Haider and others), Former Muslims United and...

Shia Muslims, with a significant Sunni Muslim minority. Likely the ancestors of modern Tats settled in South Caucasus when the Sassanid Empire from the 3rd...

some Turkicized Muslim Albanians, which were the overwhelming majority of the Muslims that lived in Smederevo, Kladovo and Ćuprija. The new state aimed...

among other Muslim countries) and ISI airlifted anti-tank guided missiles to the Bosnian Muslims. Pakistan financially aided the Bosnian Muslims. Saudi...

Cooperation) was founded. While the al-Aqsa fire is regarded as one of the catalysts for the formation of the OIC, many Muslims have aspired to a pan-Islamic...

antagonized the Muslims populace To counter this movement Indian Muslims started Islamic Dawa work among the Muslim population and challenged the Arya Samaj...

of its funders". The Muslim Council of Britain criticised the Society in 2017 for making "oblique references to the usual slurs levelled at Muslims:...

minority in Greece by the government. The officials define it as a group of Greek Muslims numbering 98,000 people, consisting of Turks (50%), Pomaks (35%)...

Shia Muslims from the time of the Ottoman Empire. Many Lebanese emigrants to Brazil resulted in an increase Shia beliefs. In Brazil, Shia Muslims generally...

immigrants entered the country annually. One out of two was born in Europe and one in three in Africa. Between 2009 and 2012, the number of Europeans entering France...

with the most notable being the Taipei Grand Mosque, the oldest and largest one. Taiwanese Muslims are mostly descended from Chinese Muslims in Mainland...

The Great Divergence or European miracle is the socioeconomic shift in which the Western world (i.e. Western Europe and the parts of the New World where...

118,477 Muslims make up 20% of the total population. Montenegro's Muslims belong mostly to the Sunni branch. According to the estimate by the Pew Research...

for the breakdown between Sunni and Shia Muslims among noncitizen residents, media estimates suggest less than 20 percent of the noncitizen Muslim population...

conflict," and at the same time 2 million Europeans were enslaved by Muslims in North Africa and the Near East, 1 million Muslim slaves in Europe. As Dr. John...

situation. As Europeans established sugar plantations on the larger Caribbean islands, prices fell in Europe. By the 18th century all levels of society had...

being a minority. The majority of Europeans are Christians or Jews, as opposed to most Algerians, who are Muslims. Algeria was the home of a significant Jewish...

home. During the Priestly Blessing in the synagogue, the kohanim (priests) will remove their shoes. Israel is also home to many Muslims, who harbour much...

to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of the Council of Europe, Armenian was recognised as a minority language of Cyprus as of 1 December...

Pradesh is the second largest religion in the state with 38,483,967 adherents in 2011, forming 19.26% of the total population. Muslims of Uttar Pradesh...

part of a Muslims' life; and that the societies, economies, and governance of Muslim-majority countries should return to the fundamentals of Islam, the system...

The military history of Europe refers to the history of warfare on the European continent. From the beginning of the modern era to the second half of...

respectively. Eritrean Muslims are predominantly Sunni. Apart from the officially recognized denominations of Christianity and Sunni Islam, all other faiths and denominations...

government with four Muslims who had defected from the Muslim League. At the last minute, one of the four Muslim dissidents went over to the Muslim League, handing...

13.8% in 1910 for Muslims and from 26.2% to 10.7% for Turks. Muslim birth and natural increase rates started climbing slowly from the late 1890s but only...

proclaiming: “Our Lord is Allah.” Had Allah not repelled ˹the aggression of˺ some people by means of others, destruction would have surely claimed monasteries...

amongst the oldest Paleolithic sites in Europe and are located around the Mediterranean Basin. There is evidence of stone tools on Crete in 130,000 years...

a distinct community in Italy and part of the wider Moroccan diaspora. They represent the largest non-Europeans immigrant population in Italy and are widely...

equal rights with other Muslims was given for Muslim Roma. These families still continued to appear as Gypsies in the records!. In the past, there were...

especially and along the former caravan routes. More than 99% of the population of the Zanzibar archipelago is Muslim. The largest group of Muslims in Tanzania...

honor. Some critiques of Spain from Protestant countries included insults of the Spanish as corrupted by the Muslims and crypto-Muslims amongst them,[citation...

hundreds of years, from the army of the Muslim conqueror Timur to the 21st century, with Europe being re-populated by Muslim pioneers, the indigenous...

to Western Muslims have been established in the West, including the Fiqh Council of North America (FCNA, founded in 1986) and the European Council for...

they raided other tribes to capture slaves for sales to Europeans, they fell into destructive wars among themselves, and against Europeans. Many Native-American...

country (hence, indigenized Muslims with a longer history in France were not considered), as the study was highlighting the "difficulties faced by adolescents...

anti-Arab sentiment. Other people and groups have also been targeted, such as the Sikhs, who are commonly mistaken to be Muslims by their attackers. On...

believed to be the Seal of the Prophets in all of the main branches of Islam. Muslims believe that the Quran, the central religious text of Islam, was revealed...

ˈsʊni/) is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world. Its...

the Japanese washlet-style toilet seats, or so-called "electronic bidets". Bidet showers are used by Muslims in Muslim countries and all parts of the...

the spread of Islam throughout the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa and parts of Europe and India During the Middle Ages, Muslims came into conflict...

specifically for Arabic viewers in the Middle East and North Africa. It is also broadcast in other parts of the world such as Europe, Indonesia and North America...

Racius, Egdunas (eds.), Yearbook of Muslims in Europe, Volume 6, BRILL, p. 303, ISBN 9004283056 "Zakaria Erzinçlioglu". The Telegraph. 2002. Retrieved 22...

the first encounters between Muslims and Jews resulted in friendship when the people of Medina gave Muhammad refuge, among them were Jewish tribes of...

uprising against the Umayyad Muslims. From the beginning of the Muslim invasion of Hispania, refugees and combatants from the south of the peninsula had...

local Muslims against non-Muslim armies) or the "far enemy" (al-adou al-baid, often affiliates of Al-Qaeda attacking the West). Correcting other Muslims' moral...

Septimania from the Umayyad and Andalusian Muslims and defeated them at the siege of Narbonne in 759, and proceeded to subjugate the southern realms by...

across Europe. These were deployed by the Church in the Christian conflicts with Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula and for the Norman conquest of Sicily...

first Muslim nation that passed a bill recognizing Jerusalem as capital of Palestine. Hundreds of Muslims attended the Friday prayers outside the White...

black person. Béni-oui-oui Mostly used during the French colonization of Algeria as a term for Algerian Muslims. Bluegum an African American perceived as...

central, and eastern Europeans (Finns, Swedes, English, Irish, Germans, and Ukrainians) showed >90%, while most southern Europeans (Italians, Greeks, Portuguese...

language speakers." The proximity of Gujaratis to Europeans "supported the existing view of European influences in the genetic composition of north Indian populations"...

autonomy for Europe. On 7 June 2023, a report by the pan-European think tank European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) found that most Europeans agree with...

author of Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters, estimates that slave traders from Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli enslaved 1 million to 1.25 million Europeans in...

other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze consider themselves fully assimilated in American society and do not necessarily identify as Muslims....

Muslims worldwide because it marks the end of the month-long dawn-to-sunset fasting of Ramadan. Eid al-Fitr falls on the first day of Shawwal in the Islamic...

seizure of assets. On the other hand, Muslims who did not resist were to be protected in the same way as the Bulgarian population. The committee also gave approval...

Daniel (2016), "Muslims in Germany: from guest workers to citizens?", in Triandafyllidou, Anna (ed.), Muslims in 21st Century Europe: Structural and Cultural...

dominated the subcontinent, most notably the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. Various other Muslim kingdoms ruled most of South Asia from the mid-14th...

Bosnian-speaking ethnic Bosniak Muslim Other Slavic Muslims (ethnic Muslims), including Gorani, and other Slavs of the Muslim faith who identify by religion...

branch with the Christian populations of Armenia and Cyprus placing the Lebanese Muslims as an outer group. The predominantly Muslim populations of Syrians...

SDA founded the Muslim National Council of Sandžak (MNVS) on 11 May 1991. The MNVS acted as a quasi-governmental body of the Sandžak Muslims. It organised...

numbers of East Asians, Sub-Saharan Africans and other European immigrants, Eastern Europeans forming the largest groups. Since the accession of Romania...

The history of Europe during the 2020s covers political events on the continent, other than elections, from 2020 to the present, culminating when the...

None Is Too Many: Canada and the Jews of Europe 1933–1948 is a 1983 book co-authored by the Canadian historians Irving Abella and Harold Troper. It is...

The Europeans to one side, the Arabs to one side, same for the Jews. The latter again share the first section. The same courtyard serves both Muslims...

expected by Muslims to appear towards the end times. As of 2016[update] the Community has been established in 209 countries and territories of the world. with...

his manifesto. The manifesto, among other things sought to deport all Muslims from Europe and quoted Elst in asserting the existence of a massive movement...

Greek Muslims, Circassians, Crimean Tatars, Pomaks, Serb Muslims, Georgian Muslims, and Muslim Roma who emigrated to East Thrace and Anatolia from the late...

often as a badge of shame. The practice of wearing special clothing or markings to distinguish Jews and other non-Muslims (dhimmis) in Muslim-dominated countries...

The migration and asylum policy of the European Union is within the area of freedom, security and justice, established to develop and harmonise principles...

the 16th UEFA European Championship, the quadrennial international men's football championship of Europe organised by the Union of European Football Associations...

the West and saw Islam, but no Muslims; I got back to the East and saw Muslims, but not Islam. — Muḥammad ʿAbduh Muḥammad ʿAbduh argued that Muslims could...

sometimes refer to Hui Muslims as Dungans. In both China and the former Soviet republics where they reside, however, members of this ethnic group call...

radical Muslims with the entire Muslim faith, showing them that there can be a radical form of any religion. France, along with other parts of the world...

by Arabs and other Muslims. He wrote that the fact that so many Africans had been enslaved by the heretical Muslims was supposed proof of their inferiority...

undoubtedly permitted many former Muslims to remain.": 31  "The establishment of an Italian colony for Sicilian Muslims at Lucera on the Italian Peninsula beginning...

privileges: Christians could not sue Muslims and their testimony could not be used against Muslims in court. The gradual conversion to Islam proceeded...

years old", 14% of the Christian population was over 60 years old, but only 7% of Muslims were over 60. This is another reason that Muslims are projected...

Hittite, the earliest Indo-European language for which written evidence exists (circa 1600 BCE to 1100 BCE when the Hittite Empire existed). The other Anatolian...

Muslims from India moved to Pakistan. Approximately one million Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs died during this event.[citation needed] As a result of the...

al-Khandaq) and the Battle of the Confederates (Arabic: غزوة الاحزاب, romanized: Ghazwat al-Ahzab), was part of the conflict between the Muslims and the Quraysh...

sanjak of Nish the population consisted of 1055650 (40,68%) Muslims and 1539278 (59,32%) non-Muslims in 1874. Muslims were the majority in the sanjaks of Rusçuk...

component. The study also found that Egyptian Muslims and Sudanese Copts are genetically most similar to Middle Eastern groups rather than the other African...

European penetration of Muslim lands. They also sought to strengthen Islamic unity, which they believed to be the strongest force to mobilize Muslims...

Muslim Council may refer to: Central Council of Ex-Muslims, in Germany French Council of the Muslim Faith, founded 2003 by Nicolas Sarkozy Muslim Council...

According to the Bulgarian census of 2001, a total of 43 municipalities (out of 262) have a Muslim majority, although Muslims only form around 10% of Bulgaria's...

like being unable to take Muslims to court, have horses, have weapons, or have houses overlooking those of Muslims. While the Ottoman authorities were...

realize that Muslims conquered Spain". And at times not just individuals, but whole families convert. However, lack of Muslim education in the Island forces...

what Europeans first called the East Indies and later the Far East. By the early 16th century, the Age of Sail greatly expanded Western European influence...

the organisation for six and a half years. The Muslim Association of Britain states that its vision is: "Muslims At Their Best". Along with Stop the War...

Saracen is a European medieval term for Muslims, adopted from Latin. Saracen or Saracens may also refer to: Saracen (comics), a Marvel Comics character...

Islam as per the Sri Lanka census of 2012. The majority of Muslims in Sri Lanka are concentrated in the Eastern Province of the island. Other areas containing...

Chechen volunteers on the side of Ukraine are armed Chechen volunteers and other formations fighting on the side of Ukraine in the Russo-Ukrainian war....

the Republic of Florence, then spread to the rest of Italy and later throughout Europe. The term rinascita ("rebirth") first appeared in Lives of the...

Islamic extremists, the "wrong kind" of Muslim includes moderate Sunni Muslims, all Shia Muslims, and many others who are "mete for the sword" and can be...

"Orientalism and Nation: Jews and Muslims as Alterity in Southeastern Europe in the Age of Nation-States, 1878–1941". East Central Europe. 36 (1): 70. doi:10.1163/187633009x411485...

Foreign Muslim fighters also joined the ranks of the Bosnian Muslims, including from the Lebanese guerrilla organisation Hezbollah, and the global organization...

that paganus as a religious term was a result of the conversion patterns during the Christianization of Europe, where people in towns and cities were converted...

majority of Muslims in Kenya are Sunni Muslims forming 81% of the Muslim Population, 7% identify as Shia. There are also sizeable populations of Ibadism and...

including the EU Prize for Literature. Schoeters has also written a number of other books, both fiction and non-fiction. Her very first book Girls, Muslims and...

(kafir) from the perspective of orthodox Muslims. In Lithuania, unlike many other European societies at the time, there was religious freedom. Lithuanian...

Apostasy in Islam by country Ex-Muslims List of former Muslims "CEMB Partners". Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019...

large concentration of Muslims, mostly of Moroccan, Turkish, Syrian and Iraqi ancestry. The Great Mosque of Brussels, located in the Parc du Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark...

approximately 10.2 million Muslims converted to Christianity. Christianity is growing in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, the Muslim world, and Oceania...

century or earlier. There existed a colony of foreign Muslims on the west coast of Sumatra by 674 AD; other Muslim settlements began to appear after 878 AD...

be jointly fit with other Europeans", as they are shifted towards Near Eastern populations. The culture of Malta is a reflection of various cultures that...

to the mosques, fearful of their experiences in the previous crackdowns. It also said that Hui Muslims were given greater leeway than Uyghur Muslims. In...

Additionally, both Christian and Muslim rulers fought other Christians and Muslims, and cooperation and alliances between Muslims and Christians were not uncommon...

Ramzan, Ramadhan, or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer (salah), reflection...

while other Muslims were at time jealous of some dhimmis for having a level of wealth or prestige greater than other Muslims, even if Muslims were still...

the demands of the Crimean War, the Empire took its first loans in 1854. The public debt quickly ballooned, becoming larger than any other European nation's...

needed to pursue their other enemies, the Basques and rebels in Galicia. Thus Fruela I (757–768) fought Muslims but also defeated the Basques and Galicians...

Tewfik Pasha. The upper ranks of the civil service, the army, and the business world had become dominated by Europeans, who were paid more than native...

of people they regarded to be heretics, which allowed Catholic Christians to enslave Orthodox Christians, and Sunni Muslims to enslave Shia Muslims....

Nations or the Autumn of Nations, a play on the term Spring of Nations that is sometimes used to describe the Revolutions of 1848 in Europe. It may have...

Albanian). Pekesen, Berna. "Expulsion and Emigration of the Muslims from the Balkans". European History Online. Ceribašić-Begovac, Anaid. Die Muslime...

The progressive Muslim vote refers to the support that the majority of Muslims make in the West for electoral options of the political left. Different...

published by Palgrave Macmillan. The book concerns the Barbary slave trade. According to Davis, the number of Europeans taken in by Barbary slavers exceeded...

host Europeans or populations more similar to Europeans," and that their data imply that modern Ashkenazi Jews are possibly more similar to Europeans than...

the importance of science, rationality, and human reason; and the new technologies of the Industrial Revolution swept across Europe, giving Europeans...

jurisdiction of the Serbian Orthodox Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana. The Muslims in Slovenia are ethnically mostly Bosniaks and ethnic Muslims. In 2014...

which increased Muslim desires to invade Hispania. During one of the multiple raids in 710, the Muslims "made several inroads into the mainland, which...

interests, and other Eastern trade routes were not available to the Europeans due to Muslim control. The ability to outflank the Muslim states of North Africa...

timeline of science and engineering in the Muslim world covers the time period from the eighth century AD to the introduction of European science to the Muslim...

and lived throughout the island. Today, most of the estimated 264,172 Muslims are based in the north of the island. Turkish Cypriot society is markedly...

as Jews and Muslims through the Spanish Inquisition. A process of political conglomeration among the Christian kingdoms also ensued, and the late 15th-century...

religion. The overwhelming majority of Pakistanis identify as Muslims, and the country has the second-largest population of Muslims in the world after...

(1990). "The Religious Life of Muslim in Berlin." In: Thomas Gerholm/Yngve Georg Lithman (eds.) The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe, New York:...

and Baltic Eastern Europeans as well as Christian Western Europeans. People taken captive during the viking raids in Western Europe, could be sold to Moorish...

Macedonia and Romania), the island of Cyprus, as well as from other parts of the Levant (especially Iraq). More recently, during the European migrant crisis significant...

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, churches, synagogues, Torah scrolls and other non-Muslim religious artifacts and buildings in and around Jerusalem, were...

as Muslims, the Druze make up 3% of the total population. In 634–640, as part of the Muslim conquest of the Levant, Syria was conquered by the Muslim Arabs...

Starting in Asia, the disease reached the Mediterranean and Western Europe during the late 1340s, and killed tens of millions of Europeans in six years; between...