Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 July 1908.
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All 200 seats in the Parliament of Finland 101 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Background edit
The Russian Tsar Nicholas II dissolved the first modern and democratic Finnish Parliament after its Speaker, Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, refused, in the Tsar's opinion, to show enough respect for him when speaking at the parliamentary session's opening. In 1908, the Russian government restarted its Russification policy in Finland, limiting Finnish self-government.
Campaign edit
Most Finns, including most Finnish parliamentarians, opposed the Russification, but disagreed on the means to effectively oppose it. The Social Democratic Party's supporters hoped for positive results from their party's work in Parliament, such as the growing prosperity of workers and tenant farmers, but would be disappointed during the next several elections. The other parliamentary parties, with the partial exception of the Agrarians, considered the Social Democrats' demands, such as an eight-hour workday, too radical to be implemented while Finland was trying to save its self-government. Parliament had no official control over the government, which was responsible only to the Tsar and to the Governor-General. Parliament's legislative power was also limited by the Tsar's ability to veto its laws, without a time limit on his consideration whether to veto the laws or not.[1][2]
Results edit
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Social Democratic Party | 310,826 | 38.40 | 83 | +3 | |
| Finnish Party | 205,892 | 25.44 | 55 | –4 | |
| Young Finnish Party | 115,201 | 14.23 | 26 | 0 | |
| Swedish People's Party | 103,146 | 12.74 | 24 | 0 | |
| Agrarian League | 51,756 | 6.39 | 10 | +1 | |
| Christian Workers' Union | 18,848 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | |
| Others | 3,772 | 0.47 | 0 | – | |
| Total | 809,441 | 100.00 | 200 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 809,441 | 99.03 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 7,896 | 0.97 | |||
| Total votes | 817,337 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,269,177 | 64.40 | |||
| Source: Mackie & Rose[3] | |||||
References edit
- ^ Seppo Zetterberg et al., eds., A Small Giant of the Finnish History / Suomen historian pikkujattilainen, Helsinki: WSOY, 2003
- ^ Allan Tiitta and Seppo Zetterberg, eds., Finland Through the Ages / Suomi kautta aikojen, Helsinki: Reader's Digest Ltd., 1992
- ^ Thomas T. Mackie & Richard Rose (1991) The International Almanac of Electoral History, Macmillan, p243 (vote figures)