Angeles Mesa is a neighborhood in South Los Angeles, California.
Angeles Mesa | |
|---|---|
 Angeles Mesa Elementary School | |
  Angeles Mesa Location in relation to Central Los Angeles | |
| Coordinates: 33°59′39″N 118°18′49″W / 33.9942°N 118.3136°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  California |
| County |  Los Angeles |
| Time zone | Pacific |
| Zip Code | 90037, 90043 |
| Area code | 323 |
Geography edit
By city council action in October 2001 (C.F. #01-1874), "Angeles Mesa" was officially named and designated.[1]
The Department of Transportation was instructed to install neighborhood signs on 54th Street at 11th Avenue, 54th Street at 2nd Avenue, Van Ness Avenue at 48th Street and Crenshaw Boulevard at 54th Street.[1][2]
In 2008, the city approved the Chesterfield Square/Angeles Mesa Gateway Median Sign Project.[3][4] The Angeles Mesa median sign is located on Arlington Avenue on the north side of 54th Street.
The neighborhood of Chesterfield Square is located south of 54th Street.
The neighborhood is served by the Park Mesa Heights Community Council, which covers Hyde Park, Angeles Mesa and View Heights.[5][6]
History edit
Development edit
The Angeles Mesa Land Company was incorporated in 1904 with a capital stock of $100,000. The investors were George S. Safford Sr., president; Robert Wankowski, E.G. Howard, Frank R. Rule and Fred W. Forrester. E.A. Forrester & Sons was the agent for the land company.[7][8]
It was a subdivision of the 400-acre (160 ha) Joughlin Tract on Slauson Avenue, comprising 2,000 lots, or 99 city blocks, said to be the largest single tract ever placed on the market in Los Angeles. (The figures were later publicized as 440 acres (180 ha) and 88 city blocks.) The company forbade any billboards from being erected.[9][10] It identified the property as "on the first decided rise south of West Adams street hill, . . . a fine, smooth piece of tableland which will require little grading." A water belt underlay the entire tract.[8]
A 1910 news release said:
The subdivision is purely for residences, and . . . no unsightly business stands in struggling one-story shacks, such as mar even some of the most exclusive neighborhoods, can ever possibly find a foothold in this fastidious suburb. A building on the casino (pavilion) order will centralize all business, and house the company's offices, as well as the butcher, the baker, and the candlestick maker.[8]
By 1916, the community had "10 stores, an apartment hotel with accommodations for 20 people and a high class motion picture theater in course of construction."[11]
In that same year, a community celebration, with a torchlight parade, a brass band, "gaily decorated automobiles" and fireworks, was held to commemorate the installation of two hundred ornamental street lights, "set on marbleite pillars." Rubie Henrionnet was selected to reign over the festivities as queen of the carnival.[12]
Water and annexation edit
The community lay "just outside the [Los Angeles] city limits" when its first lots went on sale.[13] By 1916, it had its own fire department, under Chief S.O. Ritchey.[12][14]
Angeles Mesa's water supply came from Inglewood, so residents petitioned the City of Los Angeles to provide service instead. In August 1916, the Los Angeles Public Service Commission decided to take no action because "of a large annexation movement" in unincorporated territory to the west of the then-current Los Angeles city boundary.[15]
Angeles Mesa voters favored annexation of their unincorporated area by Los Angeles in an election held on April 6, 1917, by a vote of 237 to 200.[16][17]
A month later, the Business Men's Committee of Angeles Mesa, headed by Fred W. Forrester, campaigned in favor of a large annexation into the city of Los Angeles stretching from Angeles Mesa on the northeast to the coastal Los Angeles sewage-treatment plant at Hyperion on the southwest, adjoining El Segundo.[18] Proponents said that any increase in property tax would be more than offset by a decrease in water rates.[19] According to the Evening Express, Forrester stated it was "of vital importance" that the entire area, with its two thousand residents, be annexed to forestall "at any point down the line [being] converted into a small municipality."[20]
The West Coast Annexation area of 7,200 acres (2,900 ha), including the southern part of Angeles Vista, was admitted into Los Angeles in a citywide vote of 49,556 in favor and 26,241 opposed on June 5, 1917.[21]
On July 29, 1919, Angeles Mesa rejected a proposal to buy the Inglewood Water Company's system at a cost of $80,000 and turn it over to the city of Los Angeles after annexation.[22][23] The vote was 127 in favor and 103 against, with two-thirds needed for passage.[24]
Angeles Mesa voters approved a separate annexation to Los Angeles north of 54th Street on July 21, 1922, by a vote of 174-149. The need for water was given as a reason.[25][26]
Transportation and streets edit
The first subdivision was served by the "Inglewood branch of L.A. & Redondo Electric Railway, and get off at branch office, corner of Slauson Avenue."[27]
E.A. Forrester & Sons announced in August 1910 that it would dedicate a "public park on each side of the Inglewood-Redondo car line, half a mile long, which will be improved with lawns, flower beds and all kinds of ornamental and flowering shrubbery."[28]
Until the 1950s, tracks for the 5 Line streetcar line[29] ran in the median strip along Crenshaw Boulevard between Leimert Boulevard[30] on the north close to Florence Ave on the south. Since the abandonment of the streetcars, the former railway median has been narrowed, the driving lanes improved and the street reconfigured for automobiles, buses and trucks.
The southern end of Crenshaw Boulevard was at Adams Street until 1916-1918, when the road was extended between Adams on the north and Slauson Avenue on the south. The extension saved three miles (4.8 km) in travel over the nearest through road (Western Avenue) and five miles (8.0 km) over the nearest paved road (Vermont Avenue).[31][32]
Education edit
Construction edit
Angeles Mesa Elementary School was completed in 1917 at 2611 W. 52nd Street by the Hyde Park Board of School Trustees, which had to take over construction after the builder failed to fulfill his contract.
At that time, Angeles Mesa and Hyde Park were in the same local school district. All three of the trustees lived in Hyde Park.[33] In 1915, district voters approved a $100,000 bond issue to build a $60,000 school in Hyde Park and a $40,000 campus in Angeles Mesa.[34]
The funds available were not sufficient to complete the Angeles Mesa school, so another bond election was held. The Times reported: "Hyde Park voted solidly against the bonds — 119 to 1 — while Angeles Mesa mustered eighty-nine votes for and five against."[34]
With the bond election lost, a school building less than half completed and no way to complete it, school opening next week and nowhere, except in an overcrowded and temporary frame building to house the children, Angeles Mesa does not know exactly what to do about it. There are over 100 children to be provided for.[33][34]
The solution was for the school trustees to take "personal charge of the building, buying materials and hiring labor, and deducting the cost from the original contract price."[35]
In June 1916, a campaign for $20,000 in bonds succeeded, by a vote of 339 to 113. Angeles Mesa's votes in favor, 332-2, overwhelmed Hyde Park's votes against, 7-111. Angeles Mesa residents celebrated with "music and fireworks," saying they had already spent so much "for street, light and water improvements that they were willing to wait a year for a new school."[36]
Graduation exercises were finally held on May 31, 1917, in the new school auditorium as construction drew to a close. By that time, Angeles Mesa had a representative on the school board, Henry M. Lannan, who told the gathering that his time on the board had been "very unpleasant."[37]
Description edit
A 1915 description of the structure read:
The building is 170x194 feet in size, the classrooms being grouped around an open court with a large entrance loggia in front and an auditorium in the rear, seating 500. There are to be rooms for manual training, domestic science, kindergarten, principal's and teachers' rooms, restroom, lunchroom and sickroom. . . . The stage opens both back and front, so that the court can be used as an open-air theater.[35]
In 1978, a Los Angeles Times reporter wrote that the school's "broad grass yard and airy American Colonial architecture make it one of the prettier schools" in the Los Angeles Unified School District.[38]
Desegregation busing edit
In 1963, a lawsuit, Crawford v. Board of Education of the City of Los Angeles,[39] was filed to end segregation in the Los Angeles Unified School District. The California Supreme Court required the district to come up with a desegregation busing plan in 1977. The board returned to court with what the court of appeal described as "one of if not the most drastic plan of mandatory student reassignment in the nation".[40] A desegregation plan was developed, to be implemented in the 1978 school year.[41]
On the first day of the Los Angeles plan in 1978, one hundred white children from Serrania Avenue School in Woodland Hills in the San Fernando Valley were expected at Angeles Mesa School, which was predominately black, but only nineteen arrived.[38] On the second day, Angeles Mesa sent 58 of 71 eligible children the "relatively long distance" to Serrania Avenue School.[42][43] It was a one-hour ride from one school to another.[38]
California Constitutional Proposition 1 was passed by state voters in 1979. The Crawford v. Board of Education of the City of Los Angeles lawsuit was heard in the Supreme Court in 1982.[44] The Supreme Court upheld the decision that Proposition 1 was constitutional, and that, therefore, mandatory busing was not permissible.
Buildings edit
Mesa Theater edit
The Mesa Theater at 5807 Crenshaw Boulevard was opened on April 21, 1926, with motion picture actors Gertrude Astor, Junior Coghlan, Ethel Gray Terry, Helene Chadwick, Grace Gordon, and Vera Gordon in attendance. Lew Cody was the master of ceremonies. It was closed in September 1963. A fire damaged the theatre in 1964 and it was razed the next year.[45][46][47]
Library edit
The Angeles Mesa branch library, L.A.P.L., 2700 W 52nd St, Los Angeles, CA 90043, was built in the late 1920s based on a Spanish Colonial Revival style design by architect Royal Dana. The building was dedicated and opened to the public on October 10, 1928, and cost about $35,000 to build. In 1987, the Angeles Mesa branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission.[48][49]
Parks and recreation edit
- Angeles Mesa Park, 2929 West 48th St., Los Angeles, CA 90037[50]
Gallery edit
-
Advertisement for the new subdivision, Los Angeles Evening Express, May 21, 1910 -
Rubie Henrionnet, lighting carnival queen, January 1916 -
Advertisement for new house, Los Angeles Sunday Express, September 29, 1918
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b "Council Fire 01-1874" (PDF). No. 10. City of Los Angeles. February 15, 2002. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
- ^ Medina, Amir. "Many locals are unaware of Park Mesa Heights". Los Angeles Standard Newspaper. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
This Angeles Mesa sign is on the corner of Crenshaw Blvd. and 54th Street.
- ^ "Chesterfield Square/Angeles Mesa Gateway Median Sign Project". lacity.org. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
- ^ "Council Motion" (PDF). LAcity.org. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
- ^ "Park Mesa Heights Community Council". Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ Medina, Amir. "Many locals are unaware of Park Mesa Heights". Los Angeles Standard Newspaper. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ "Courthouse Note: Incorporations," Los Angeles Times, November 4, 1909, image 18
- ^ a b c "Opening of Big Tract, 480 Acres," Los Angeles Herald, February 27, 1910, page 15
- ^ "Billboards Barred From Angeles Mesa Tract by Owners," Los Angeles Express, February 12, 1910, page 1
- ^ "The No-Billboard Roll of Honor — Who's Next?" Los Angeles Express, February 22, 1910, page 9
- ^ "Boulevard Through Angeles Mesa Tract," Evening Express, Los Angeles, December 30, 1916, image 20
- ^ a b "Noise Greets Lights," Los Angeles Times, January 16, 1916, image 8
- ^ "Open Angeles Mesa," Los Angeles Sunday Times, February 27, 1910, image 89
- ^ "Angeles Mesa Association to Celebrate Light Installation," Los Angeles Times, January 8, 1916, image 9
- ^ "Await Annexation," Los Angeles Times, August 31, 1916, image 2
- ^ "Angeles Mesa Votes for L.A. Annexation," Evening Express, Los Angeles, April 7, 1917, image 9
- ^ "The Official Canvass," Los Angeles Times, April 9, 1917, image 9
- ^ "Angeles Mesa is ready to come in". Los Angeles Times. May 27, 1917.
- ^ "Angeles Mesans Will Vote on Annexation," Evening Express, Los Angeles, April 5, 1917, image 3
- ^ "Angeles Mesa Annexation," Evening Express, Los Angeles, June 2, 1917, image 1
- ^ "Election Figures," Evening Express, Los Angeles, June 6, 1917, image 1
- ^ "No Water Purchase," Los Angeles Times, July 30, 1919, image 20
- ^ "Angeles Mesa Vote," Los Angeles Times, August 2, 1919, image 21
- ^ "Council Ratifies Peck's Annexation," Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1919, image 19
- ^ "Votes to Join City," Los Angeles Times, July 22, 1922, image 19
- ^ Map of Territory Annexed to the City of Los Angeles
- ^ Advertisement, Los Angeles Herald, February 27, 1910, image 14
- ^ "Plan Improvements for Angeles Mesa Tract," Los Angeles Herald, August 2, 1910, image 4
- ^ "Los Angeles Railway in Brief - Map of Streetcar Routes". Archived from the original on 2016-10-05. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
- ^ "5 Line". Archived from the original on 2007-01-03. Retrieved 2013-09-05.
- ^ "Road Project Is in Peril," Los Angeles Times August 20, 1916, image 23
- ^ "After Many Delays," Los Angeles Times, January 27, 1918, image 82
- ^ a b "Vote New School Bonds," September 7, 1915, image 16
- ^ a b c "Must Vote on New School Bonds," Los Angeles Times, September 7, 1915, image 11
- ^ a b "Trustees Take School Work From Contractor," Los Angeles Times December 20, 1915, image 4
- ^ "Difficulties End," Los Angeles Times, June 13, 1916, image 17
- ^ "In New Auditorium," Los Angeles Times, June 1, 1917, image 22
- ^ a b c "Welcome Mat," Los Angeles Times, September 17, 1978, images 642 and 644
- ^ Crawford v. Board of Ed. of Los Angeles 458 U.S. 527 (1982)
- ^ Crawford v. Board of Educ. of the City of Los Angeles, 200 Cal. App. 3d 1397, 1402 (1988).
- ^ Bustop, Inc. v. Los Angeles Bd. of Ed., 439 U.S. 1380 (1978)
- ^ "School Attendance Rising but Bus Problems Persist," Los Angeles Times, September 14, 1978, image 1
- ^ "Anglo Attendance Statistics," Los Angeles Times, September 14, 1978, image 5
- ^ David S. Ettinger, "The Quest to DESEGREGATE Los Angeles Schools Archived 2008-02-28 at the Wayback Machine", Los Angeles Lawyer, March 2003
- ^ Cinema Treasures, Mesa Theater
- ^ "West Coast to Open New Mesa Theater Tonight," Los Angeles Times, April 21, 1926, image 27
- ^ "Mesa Theater Is Opened," Los Angeles Times, April 22, 1926, image 31
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
- ^ "New Branch Library to Be Opened Tomorrow," Los Angeles Evening Express, August 9, 1928, image 23
- ^ "Angeles Mesa Park". LAParks.org. 5 August 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
External links edit
- Park Mesa Heights Community Council Map
- Pamela Moreland, "'Psychic Income' Is Payoff for Black Newspaper Publisher," Los Angeles Times, August 3, 1990. Article on Wave Publications, formerly at 2621 West 54th Street