The Cessna 414 is an American light, pressurized, twin-engine transport aircraft built by Cessna. It first flew in 1968 and an improved variant was introduced from 1978 as the 414A Chancellor.
| Cessna 414 | |
|---|---|
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| Cessna 414 | |
| Role | Six/eight-seat light transport |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Cessna |
| First flight | November 1, 1968 |
| Produced | 1968–1985 |
| Number built | 1070 |
| Developed from | Cessna 401 Cessna 421 |
| Developed into | Cessna 340 |
Design and development edit
The pressurized 414 was developed to appeal to owners of unpressurized, twin-engined aircraft, and was based on the fuselage of the Cessna 421 and used the wing design of the Cessna 401. The 414 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional tail unit and a retractable tricycle landing gear. It is powered by two wing-mounted 310 hp (231 kW) Continental TSIO-520-J horizontally opposed, six-cylinder engines. The prototype, registered N7170C, first flew on 1 November 1968, and production aircraft were available in a number of optional seating arrangements and avionics packages. The name Chancellor was used for models marketed from 1976. An improved variant the Cessna 414A Chancellor was introduced in 1978 with the major change being a redesigned and increased-span wing with integral fuel tanks and an extended nose to give more baggage space.
Modifications edit
Many supplemental type certificates exist for the aircraft that allow upgrades to improve performance. Common are engine and aerodynamic modifications, including winglets.[1]
In 1974, American Jet Industries built a turboprop-powered conversion of the Cessna 414, named the Turbo Star Pressurized 414, using Allison 250-B17B engines.[2] Scenic Airlines of Las Vegas purchased the rights to the design in 1977.[3]
Thielert has offered engine conversions using their Centurion Engines.[4] This involves the installation of FADEC-controlled aviation diesel piston engines that run on commonly available jet fuel. Thielert claims increased power and improved fuel economy over other available conventional piston engines.
Variants edit
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- 414
- Initial production variant, 516 built[5]
- 414A Chancellor
- Improved 414 with narrower vertical tail, longer span bonded wet wing without tip tanks, a lengthened nose, redesigned landing gear, and powered by two 310 hp (231kW) TSIO-520-N engines, 554 built.[5]
- Riley Rocket 414
- Conversion of Cessna 414 aircraft by fitting two 400 hp Lycoming IO-720 engines[6]
Operators edit
Military operators edit
Accidents and incidents edit
- The American Christian singer Keith Green and 11 other people were killed on July 28, 1982, in a Cessna 414 shortly after takeoff at the private Garden Valley Airport, near Garden Valley, Texas. The NTSB report indicates that the probable cause of the crash was a combination of the aircraft being overloaded (the occupants were four adults and eight children, while the aircraft has only seven seats) and pilot's failure to calculate weight and balance relative to the aircraft's design parameters.[7]
Specifications (414A Chancellor) edit
Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83[8]
General characteristics
- Crew: one or two
- Capacity: four to six
- Length: 36 ft 4+1⁄2 in (11.09 m)
- Wingspan: 44 ft 1+1⁄2 in (13.45 m)
- Height: 11 ft 5+1⁄2 in (3.49 m)
- Wing area: 225.8 sq ft (20.98 m2)
- Empty weight: 4,368 lb (1,981 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 6,750 lb (3,062 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 213 US gal (177 imp gal; 810 L) usable
- Powerplant: 2 × Continental TSIO-520-NB flat-six turbocharged piston, 310 hp (230 kW) each
- Propellers: 3-bladed McCauley 3AF32C505/82NEA-5.5 constant speed propellers, 6 ft 4+1⁄5 in (1.94 m) diameter
Performance
- Maximum speed: 270 mph (435 km/h, 235 kn) at 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
- Cruise speed: 211 mph (339 km/h, 183 kn) at 10,000 ft (3,000 m) (econ. cruise)
- Stall speed: 83 mph (133 km/h, 72 kn) CAS (flaps down, power off)
- Range: 1,527 mi (2,458 km, 1,327 nmi) at 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
- Service ceiling: 30,800 ft (9,400 m)
- Rate of climb: 1,520 ft/min (7.7 m/s)
References edit
- ^ "RAM Altitude Performance Enhancing Winglets". Ramaircraft.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
- ^ Taylor 1977, p. 398
- ^ Taylor 1989, p. 793
- ^ Thielert AG (September 28, 2007). "CENTURION ENGINES - Cessna 340, 414 & 421". Thielert AG. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
- ^ a b Simpson 1995, p. 130
- ^ Taylor 1982, pp. 454–455.
- ^ "National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Final Report Accident Number: FTW82AA299". National Transportation Safety Board. July 28, 1983. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Taylor 1982, pp. 350–351
- Simpson, R. W. (1995). Airlife's General Aviation (Second ed.). Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-85310-577-5.
- Taylor, John W. R., ed. (1977). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1977–78. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 0-354-00551-0.
- Taylor, John W. R., ed. (1982). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 0-7106-0748-2.
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions.
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985). Orbis Publishing.
Further reading edit
- Simpson, R.W. (1991). Airlife's General Aviation. England: Airlife Publishing. p. 190. ISBN 1-85310-194-X.
External links edit
