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The Kurdistan Islamic Movement (Kurdish: بزووتنهوی ئيسلامی له كوردستان) is a Kurdish Islamist party founded in 1987 by Osman Abdulaziz and several other Kurdish Islamic scholars who were all part of the non-political "Union of Religious Scholars" group. The party's main support comes from in and around the town of Halabja. Osman Abdulaziz was appointed as a mufti (religious judge) by the Kurdistan Islamic Movement.
Kurdistan Islamic Movement بزووتنەوەی ئیسلامی لە کوردستان Bizûtinewey Îslamî le Kurdistan | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Erfan Ali Abdulaziz |
| Founder | Osman Abdulaziz |
| Founded | 1987 |
| Headquarters | Halabja |
| Ideology | Islamism |
| Political position | Right-wing |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
| International affiliation | Muslim Brotherhood |
| Colours | Black |
| Seats in the Kurdistan Parliament: | 0 / 111 |
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| basknet.net | |
In the 1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election, the party received 5.1% of the vote, the third largest after the PUK and KDP. In 1993 the PUK ceded control of territory around Halabja, Tawella and Panjwin to the party after heavy fighting, and the party controlled Halabja from 1998 to 2000. In 1998, Osman Abdulaziz moved to Erbil with a number of supporters. After his death in 1999, the leadership of the party passed to his brother, Ali Abdulaziz Halabji, who has his office in Halabja.
There were reported clashes, which resulted in deaths between the PUK, Islamic Groups, PKK, and the KDP. The heaviest fighting began in September 2001, when a newly created Islamist group, Ansar al-Islam, seized control of some villages near the Iranian border and created the Islamic Emirate of Byara.
In 1994, KIM carried out a series of bombings in Istanbul, which resulted in the deaths of 20 people and injured more than 120 others. The Turkish government responded by launching a major crackdown on the group, arresting hundreds of its members and supporters. KIM was designated as a terrorist organization by the Turkish government in 2005.[1][2][3]
According to press and opposition reporting, the Ansar al-Islam attacked PUK fighters near Halabja, killing dozens of people. Intermittent fighting between the PUK, Ansar al-Islam, and other Islamic groups continued until late November, when the Iranian government imposed a ceasefire agreement between those involved.
As of 2005, the Kurdistan Islamic Movement holds two ministerial posts in the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan-dominated government. This cooperation appears to be principally a temporary coalition dictated by pragmatic considerations. Kurdistan Islamic Movement is receiving aid from Iran[4] and is also said to receive money from other Islamic countries. Kurdistan Islamic Movement has offices in various towns in Northern Iraq, including Suleimaniyya and Erbil.
During the 2010 Iraqi elections the party won some 40 thousand votes.[5]
A Saudi cable leak from WikiLeaks revealed that Saudi Arabia donated over half a million dollars to the party.[6][7]
Splits edit
In May 2001, Ali Bapir, a former leader of the Kurdistan Islamic Movement and a former deputy of the Islamic Emirate of Byara left the party with his followers and founded a new party. This party, initially called Kurdistan Islamic Group was later renamed to Kurdistan Justice Group.[8] Bapir's party has since surpassed KIM in terms of political influence.
On 16 March 2024, another faction led by Kamîlî Hacî Elî founded the Kurdistan Islamic Relations Movement, after having left the party following the party's congress in October 2023. On the foundational congress in Silêmanî, where about 1,100 people were present, the new party decided to prepare to participate in the upcoming 2024 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election.[9]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Gunter, Michael. "The Challenge of Kurdish Islamist Movements." Middle East Policy". JSTOR 2645329.
- ^ "Balcı, Ali. "Terrorism in Turkey: The Rise of PKK and the Kurdish Model of Conflict."". doi:10.1057/9781137327104 (inactive 31 January 2024).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link)[permanent dead link] - ^ "Silke, Andrew, ed. "The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research." Routledge, 2011".[permanent dead link]
- ^ Cassman, Daniel. "Islamic Movement of Kurdistan | Mapping Militant Organizations". web.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2017-10-12.
- ^ http://www.rudaw.net/english/kurds/5330.html [bare URL]
- ^ "BasNews". Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-29.
- ^ "Massud Barzani in WikiLeaks' Saudi Arabia cables". Kurd Net - Ekurd.net Daily News. 21 June 2015.
- ^ Hawramy, Fazel. "Komal should 'shed' Islamic label: party leader". Rudaw. Archived from the original on 2021-12-06. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
- ^ Bekir, Çîvan (18 March 2024). "کامیلی حاجی عەلی بە رابەری بزووتنەوەی پەیوەندیی ئیسلامی هەڵبژێردرا". Rûdaw. Retrieved 24 March 2024.