Johnson County, Kansas

Johnson County is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas, along the border of the state of Missouri. Its county seat is Olathe.[5] As of the 2020 census, the population was 609,863, the most populous county in Kansas.[3] The county was named after Thomas Johnson, a Methodist missionary who was one of the state's first settlers. Largely suburban, the county contains a number of suburbs of Kansas City, Missouri, including Overland Park, a principal city of and second most populous city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area.[6][7]

Johnson County
Former Johnson County Courthouse in Olathe (2009). It opened in 1952, closed in 2020, then demolished in 2021 after a new courthouse was finished.[1][2]
Former Johnson County Courthouse in Olathe (2009). It opened in 1952, closed in 2020, then demolished in 2021 after a new courthouse was finished.[1][2]
Map of Kansas highlighting Johnson County
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Map of the United States highlighting Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°52′N 94°52′W / 38.867°N 94.867°W / 38.867; -94.867
Country United States
State Kansas
FoundedAugust 25, 1855
Named forThomas Johnson
SeatOlathe
Largest cityOverland Park
Area
 • Total480 sq mi (1,200 km2)
 • Land473 sq mi (1,230 km2)
 • Water6.5 sq mi (17 km2)  1.4%
Population
 • Total609,863
 • Estimate 
(2021)[4]
613,219 Increase
 • Density1,289.4/sq mi (497.8/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district3rd
Websitejocogov.org

History edit

This was part of the large territory of the Osage people, who occupied lands up to present-day Saint Louis, Missouri. After the Indian Removal, the United States government reserved much of this area as Indian territory for a reservation for the Shawnee people, who were relocated from east of the Mississippi River in the upper Midwest.

The Santa Fe Trail and Oregon–California Trail, which pass through nearby Independence, Missouri, also passed through the county. Johnson County was established in 1855 as one of the first counties in the newly organized Kansas Territory; it was named for American missionary Thomas Johnson.[8] The renowned gunfighter Wild Bill Hickok settled for a time in the county, becoming constable of Monticello Township in 1858.

Johnson County was the site of many battles between abolitionists and pro-slavery advocates during the period of Bleeding Kansas, prior to the residents voting on whether slavery would be allowed in the territory. In 1862 during the American Civil War, Confederate guerrillas from nearby Missouri, led by William Quantrill, raided the Johnson County communities of Olathe and Spring Hill. They killed half a dozen men and destroyed numerous homes and businesses.[9]

The county was largely rural until the early 20th century, when housing subdivisions were developed in the northeastern portion of the county adjacent to Kansas City, Missouri. Developer J. C. Nichols spurred the boom in 1914 when he built the Mission Hills Country Club to lure upscale residents who previously had been reluctant to move from Missouri to Kansas.[10] Suburban development continued at a steady pace until the close of World War II.

Following the war, the pace of development exploded, triggered by the return of veterans in need of housing, construction of highways that facilitated commuting from suburbs, and the pent-up demand for new housing. The US Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruled that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional. Integration of public schools in Kansas City, Missouri, resulted in many white families leaving the inner city, resulting in increased migration to the county for new housing and what were considered higher quality public schools, generally an indicator of higher economic status. From the mid-1980s, the pace of growth increased significantly, with the county adding 100,000 residents each decade between the 1990 census and 2010 census.

The 1952 Johnson County Courthouse was closed in 2020, then demolished in 2021.[1] It was replaced by a seven-story courthouse in 2021 after over two years of construction. This new courthouse is the county's fourth building.[2]

Geography edit

 
Olathe City Hall (2009)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 480 square miles (1,200 km2), of which 473 square miles (1,230 km2) is land and 6.5 square miles (17 km2) (1.4%) is water.[11]

Topography edit

The natural topography of the county consists of gently rolling terrain. The Kansas River forms a portion of the northwest boundary of the county. The elevation generally increases from north to south as the distance from the Kansas and Missouri rivers increases.

Watersheds and streams edit

The county is drained by the watersheds of the Kansas, Blue, and Marais des Cygnes, all of which are part of the Missouri River watershed. Located in northeastern Kansas, the county receives plentiful rainfall. The county contains numerous small streams, including Kill Creek, Mill Creek, Turkey Creek, Indian Creek, Brush Creek, Tomahawk Creek, the Blue River, Bull Creek and Little Bull Creek.

Kill Creek begins in the southwest portion of the county and flows northward into the Kansas River at De Soto. Mill Creek begins in the central portion of the county in Olathe, flowing northward it empties into the Kansas River at Shawnee. Turkey Creek and Brush Creek each begin in northeast Johnson County. Turkey Creek flows northeastward into Wyandotte County and joins the Kansas River just before its confluence with the Missouri River at Kaw Point. Brush Creek flows east-northeastward through Prairie Village and Mission Hills, entering Kansas City, Missouri, within the median of Ward Parkway and passing the Country Club Plaza before emptying into the Blue River east of the Country Club Plaza and north of Swope Park. Indian Creek begins in the southern portion of Olathe and Tomahawk Creek begins in south Overland Park. Each flows northeastward meeting in Leawood, where the stream retains the name of Indian Creek, just before crossing the state line and entering the Blue River in Kansas City, Missouri. The Blue River begins in rural southern Johnson County and flows north-northeastward through the southeastern portion of the county and crossing the state line just east of the intersection of 151st Street and Kenneth Road in southern Overland Park. The Blue River flows through southern and eastern Kansas City before joining the Missouri River. Bull Creek and Little Bull Creek begin in rural southwestern Johnson County and flow southward where they enter Hillsdale Lake before continuing into Miami County, eventually joining the Marais des Cygnes at Paola.

Flora and fauna edit

The county consists primarily of prairie grassland with corridors of forested areas along streams and rivers.

Adjacent counties edit

Demographics edit

 
Population pyramid based on 2000 census age data
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
18604,364
187013,684213.6%
188016,85323.2%
189017,3853.2%
190018,1044.1%
191018,2881.0%
192018,3140.1%
193021,17915.6%
194033,32757.4%
195062,78388.4%
1960143,792129.0%
1970220,07353.0%
1980270,26922.8%
1990357,04832.1%
2000451,08626.3%
2010544,17920.6%
2020609,86312.1%
2021 (est.)613,219[4]0.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14]
1990-2000[15] 2010-2020[3]

Johnson County (county code JO) is included in the Kansas City metropolitan area. The county has the highest median household income at $81,121 in 2017 and the highest per-capita income in Kansas, with the 19th highest median household income in 2000 and the 46th highest per-capita income in 2005. In 2010, Money magazine, in its list of the '100 Best Cities in the United States' in which to live, ranked Overland Park 7th (ranked 6th in 2006 and 9th in 2008) and Shawnee 17th (ranked 39th in 2008).[16] In 2008 the same magazine also ranked Olathe 11th.[17]

2010 edit

As of the 2010 census, there were 544,179 people, 210,278 households, and 143,509 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,150 inhabitants per square mile (440/km2). There were 226,571 housing units at an average density of 381 per square mile (147/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 86.0% White, 4.2% Asian, 4.3% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.55% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.2% of the population. 30.6% identified as of German, 16.8% Irish, 13.6% English and 5.7% American ancestry.[18]

There were 210,278 households, out of which 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.05.[18]

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 32.80% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.4 years. 48.8% of the population were males and 51.2% of the population were females.

The median income for a household in the county was $73,733, and the median income for a family was $90,380. Males had a median income of $61,346 versus $43,785 for females. The per capita income for the county was $37,882. About 3.6% of families and 5.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.[18]

2000 edit

As of the census of 2000, there were 451,086 people, 174,570 households, and 121,675 families residing in the county. The population density was 365/km2 (950/sq mi). There were 181,612 housing units at an average density of 147/km2 (380/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 91.11% White, 2.61% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, 2.83% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.55% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. 3.98% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 174,570 households, out of which 36.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.20% were married couples living together, 7.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.30% were non-families. 24.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the county the population was spread out, with 27.10% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 32.80% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 95.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $61,455, and the median income for a family was $72,987. Males had a median income of $49,790 versus $32,145 for females. The per capita income for the county was $30,919. 3.40% of the population and 2.10% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 3.30% of those under the age of 18 and 3.60% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Government edit

Laws edit

Johnson County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink, with a 30% food sales requirement.[19]

The county voted "No" on the 2022 Kansas Value Them Both Amendment, an anti-abortion ballot measure, by 68% to 32%, outpacing its support of Joe Biden during the 2020 presidential election.[20]

Federal representation edit

Presidential election results
United States presidential election results for Johnson County, Kansas[21]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 155,631 44.54% 184,259 52.74% 9,496 2.72%
2016 137,490 46.73% 129,852 44.14% 26,866 9.13%
2012 158,401 57.58% 110,526 40.18% 6,147 2.23%
2008 152,627 53.70% 127,091 44.72% 4,493 1.58%
2004 158,103 61.12% 97,866 37.83% 2,718 1.05%
2000 129,965 59.74% 79,118 36.37% 8,453 3.89%
1996 110,368 57.82% 68,129 35.69% 12,397 6.49%
1992 85,418 43.83% 59,573 30.57% 49,875 25.59%
1988 95,591 62.81% 55,183 36.26% 1,425 0.94%
1984 101,987 72.39% 38,019 26.99% 876 0.62%
1980 78,048 62.95% 33,210 26.79% 12,725 10.26%
1976 75,798 66.41% 35,605 31.19% 2,739 2.40%
1972 76,161 74.14% 24,324 23.68% 2,242 2.18%
1968 55,060 62.63% 26,034 29.61% 6,818 7.76%
1964 37,672 54.46% 31,213 45.12% 294 0.42%
1960 43,026 66.16% 21,914 33.70% 93 0.14%
1956 35,511 71.40% 14,185 28.52% 37 0.07%
1952 29,103 72.46% 10,990 27.36% 70 0.17%
1948 14,191 60.70% 8,982 38.42% 205 0.88%
1944 11,951 67.24% 5,771 32.47% 51 0.29%
1940 10,326 63.97% 5,770 35.75% 46 0.28%
1936 8,399 57.71% 6,108 41.97% 47 0.32%
1932 6,487 49.53% 6,485 49.52% 124 0.95%
1928 8,185 70.40% 3,373 29.01% 69 0.59%
1924 6,102 66.15% 2,519 27.31% 603 6.54%
1920 4,325 64.27% 2,303 34.22% 101 1.50%
1916 3,767 47.68% 3,928 49.72% 205 2.59%
1912 834 19.00% 1,837 41.85% 1,719 39.16%
1908 2,313 51.17% 2,091 46.26% 116 2.57%
1904 2,573 61.07% 1,373 32.59% 267 6.34%
1900 2,393 51.58% 2,171 46.80% 75 1.62%
1896 2,313 47.82% 2,462 50.90% 62 1.28%
1892 2,070 50.48% 0 0.00% 2,031 49.52%
1888 2,164 53.13% 1,435 35.23% 474 11.64%
1884 2,110 52.87% 1,392 34.88% 489 12.25%
1880 2,132 58.06% 1,180 32.14% 360 9.80%

Johnson County is entirely located within Kansas's 3rd congressional district, which has been represented by Democrat Sharice Davids since 2019. The two U.S. Senators from Kansas are Republicans Roger Marshall and Jerry Moran.

Johnson County has traditionally been considered a Republican stronghold. From 1920 through 2016, it voted for the GOP in every presidential election. This included the 1964 election, in which Barry Goldwater carried the county by nine points even as he lost Kansas statewide; the last time the Republicans have failed to carry the state.[22][23] Earlier, it was one of the few counties where Franklin Roosevelt was shut out in all four of his campaigns, though FDR only lost the county by two votes in his 42-state landslide of 1932.

However, in 2016, Johnson County voted for Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump by less than a three-point margin, as the GOP's shift towards right-wing populism was considered a poor fit for the county's many moderate voters. In 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden became the first Democrat to win Johnson County since Woodrow Wilson 104 years earlier, winning the county by an 8% margin. Biden's share of the vote was also the most ever won by a Democrat in Johnson County. The county's leftward trend was also reflected in the state's recent U.S. Senate elections in 2020 and 2022, where the Democratic candidates won the county despite losing statewide; prior to those elections, Johnson County had never gone to a Democrat in an election for either of Kansas's Senate seats.

State representation edit

Johnson County is home to 25 Kansas state representatives and 9 Kansas state senators. 13 out of 25 of Johnson County's representatives are Republicans, as are 6 of the county's 9 senators.[24][25] Numerous Republicans from the area identify as moderates, compared to some of the more ideological hard-liners from other parts of the state. Differences between moderates and the more hard-line members can most commonly be seen on social issues, the most infamous being the numerous debates about the state's school finance formula in 2004[26] and 2014–2018.[27][28][29][30]

County government and unincorporated areas edit

The county government is administered by an elected, seven-member Board of County Commissioners, with six elected from single-member districts and one at-large.[31] Governance of the county is divided into six districts. The county government has full jurisdiction of the unincorporated areas of the county and limited jurisdiction of those areas of the county within incorporated places. For instance, decisions regarding the regulation of land use, development and zoning in unincorporated areas of the county are the responsibility of the county government, whereas such decisions for areas within incorporated places are the jurisdiction of the incorporated city of which the property is a part.

Sales taxes edit

The current sales tax rate in Johnson County is 7.975%, higher than the 6.5% rate in Wyandotte (where Kansas City, Kansas is located).[32] The sales tax rates of each of the surrounding counties are nearly the same as the rate in Johnson County.[32] Individual cities have additional sales taxes.

Property taxes edit

Property taxes are a conglomeration of state, county, city, and school district taxes. Property tax rates are generally lower in Johnson County because property values in the county are higher than in other counties throughout Kansas.

Property tax rates by city in Johnson County (2005)[33]
City Commercial Real property Motor vehicle
De Soto 3.20 1.47 3.84
Gardner 3.39 1.56 4.07
Leawood 3.39 1.56 4.07
Lenexa 2.75 1.26 3.30
Merriam 2.57 1.18 3.08
Olathe 3.09 1.42 3.71
Overland Park 2.31 1.06 2.77
Prairie Village 2.71 1.25 3.25
Shawnee 2.61 1.20 3.13

Note: Some cities have multiple tax rates because they are divided among multiple school districts. The above rates are what exist for the majority of residents in the city.

Law enforcement edit

Johnson County Sheriff's Office
 
Patch of Johnson County Sheriff's Office
AbbreviationJCSO
Agency overview
Formed1861; 163 years ago (1861)
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionJohnson, Kansas, USA
Operational structure
Headquarters27747 West 159th Street, New Century, KS 66031
Agency executive
  • Calvin Hayden (R)[34], Sheriff
Website
Official website

The Johnson County Sheriff's Office runs the jails at Olathe and New Century,[35] and patrols the unincorporated parts of Johnson County as well as the cities of Edgerton and DeSoto.[36]

In 2019, the county announced that it is creating a new task force with shared jurisdiction between neighboring Miami and Franklin counties to combat crime.[37]

Education edit

 
Entrance to the Blue Valley Center for Advanced Professional Studies school in south Overland Park

According to the 2010 Census Bureau, the education attainment of the population 25 years and over: 95.6% high school graduate or higher, 51.1% bachelor's degree or higher, and 17.9% graduate or professional degree.[18]

The Johnson County Library has 13 branches.[38]

Unified school districts edit

Colleges and universities edit

Transportation edit

Johnson County has a grid network through most of the county, with a road every mile. The grid has facilitated rapid growth and easy access. Interstate 435 runs through much of the county, and serves as a developmental "border" in the northbound–southbound portion. The westbound–eastbound part of I-435 divides the county into a northern and southern section. The northern section is older, while the southern portion is the fastest-growing area in Johnson County, containing a massive volume of new homes.[citation needed]

The Johnson County numbered street grid generally begins at 47th Street, the Wyandotte County line (the lowest numbered street is 40th Street in Bonner Springs), and is a continuation of the adjacent Kansas City, Missouri, street grid. The grid continues to 215th Street, and into Miami County (with somewhat different named roads) to 407th Street at the Miami-Linn county line, with most suburban development ending around 167th Street. Named streets in the grid run from State Line Road (1900 West) to County Line Road (40699 West) at the Douglas County line. A portion of the grid extends north from Westwood into the Rosedale area in Kansas City, Kansas.

Another principal highway running through the area is Interstate 35, which runs diagonally through the county, entering it near Downtown Kansas City, and continuing through Olathe and Gardner. Outside the county, it eventually leads to Duluth, Minnesota in the north and the US–Mexico border in the south. U.S. 69 also serves Johnson County, entering from Wyandotte County at the south end of Interstate 635. Much of U.S. 69 within the county is freeway; this freeway eventually heads south and connects to Fort Scott and the rest of southeast Kansas.

Major highways edit

  •   I-35 Southwest corner with Franklin County northeast through Edgerton, Gardner, Olathe, Lenexa, Overland Park, and Merriam to the northeast corner with downtown Kansas City
  •   I-435 Northern border with Wyandotte County south through Shawnee and Lenexa to K-10 then east through Overland Park and Leawood to the Missouri border
  •   I-635 Starts in Johnson County at I-35 and enters Wyandotte County/Kansas City, KS less than 1000 feet later.
  •   US-50 Southwest corner with Franklin County northeast through Edgerton, Gardner, Olathe, Lenexa, Overland Park, and Merriam to the northeast corner with downtown Kansas City
  •   US-56 Southwest border with Douglas County east through Edgerton and Gardner to I-35
  •   US-69 Southeast border with Miami County north through Stilwell and Overland Park past I-435 to I-35
  •   US-169 Southern border with Miami County. Joins with I-35 in Olathe.
  •   K-7 Southern border with Miami County north through Spring Hill, Olathe, Lenexa, and Shawnee to Wyandotte County
  •   K-10 Western border with Douglas County east through De Soto, Lenexa, and Olathe to I-435

Airports edit

Johnson County is home to three general aviation airports:

The closest airport with airline service is Kansas City International Airport in Platte County, Missouri

Public transit edit

Johnson County Transit is the public transit operator.

Communities edit

 
2005 KDOT Map of Johnson County (map legend)

‡ means a community has portions in an adjacent county.

Cities edit

Unincorporated communities edit

Townships edit

Johnson County was originally divided into nine townships, two of which have since been eliminated by the annexation of all their territory into independent municipalities. All of the cities are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Township FIPS Population
center
Population Population
density
/km2 (/sq mi)
Land area
km2 (sq mi)
Water area
km2 (sq mi)
Water % Geographic coordinates
Aubry 03225 5,440 43 (112) 126 (49) 0 (0) 0.31% 38°46′48″N 94°41′4″W / 38.78000°N 94.68444°W / 38.78000; -94.68444
Gardner 25450 2,143 21 (55) 102 (39) 1 (0) 0.53% 38°49′7″N 94°54′31″W / 38.81861°N 94.90861°W / 38.81861; -94.90861
Lexington 39800 De Soto 3,712 10 (25) 135 (52) 2 (1) 1.79% 38°55′0″N 95°0′13″W / 38.91667°N 95.00361°W / 38.91667; -95.00361
McCamish 43625 878 8 (20) 112 (43) 0 (0) 0.34% 38°47′22″N 94°59′48″W / 38.78944°N 94.99667°W / 38.78944; -94.99667
Mission (defunct) - 0 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0% 39°0′7″N 94°38′11″W / 39.00194°N 94.63639°W / 39.00194; -94.63639
Monticello (defunct) 47950 0 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0% 39°1′59″N 94°47′57″W / 39.03306°N 94.79917°W / 39.03306; -94.79917
Olathe 52600 1,187 27 (70) 44 (17) 0 (0) 0.04% 38°54′21″N 94°49′18″W / 38.90583°N 94.82167°W / 38.90583; -94.82167
Oxford 53825 2,020 121 (313) 17 (6) 0 (0) 1.54% 38°49′58″N 94°40′54″W / 38.83278°N 94.68167°W / 38.83278; -94.68167
Shawnee (defunct) 64525 0 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0% 39°1′51″N 94°47′47″W / 39.03083°N 94.79639°W / 39.03083; -94.79639
Spring Hill 67650 2,059 29 (76) 70 (27) 0 (0) 0.30% 38°46′35″N 94°48′55″W / 38.77639°N 94.81528°W / 38.77639; -94.81528
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on August 2, 2002.Kansas Historical Society, Johnson County. Retrieved from the website on June 11, 2021.

In popular culture edit

  • The ABC apocalyptic drama film The Day After was partially filmed in De Soto.
  • Mission Hills is the setting for The ABC Family show Switched at Birth.
  • Netflix original documentary Dirty Money, season 1 episode 2, entitled "Payday", features the infamous predatory loan practices of Scott Tucker,[39] a resident of Leawood. The episode features numerous aerial views of the area.
  • The indie film All Creatures Here Below is partially set in De Soto, and filmed in Kansas City.[40]

See also edit

Community information for Kansas

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Demolition of old Johnson County Courthouse completed". Johnson County Government. August 26, 2021. Archived from the original on August 29, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "The New Johnson County Courthouse opens in Olathe, Kansas". Building Design & Construction. February 9, 2021. Archived from the original on August 29, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "QuickFacts; Johnson County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  4. ^ a b "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021". Retrieved October 3, 2022.
  5. ^ "Fast Facts". Johnson County Kansas. Archived from the original on July 16, 2019.
  6. ^ "Home Page". Johnson County Kansas. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
  7. ^ McCammon, Sarah (September 4, 2017). "As Kansas City Booms And Sprawls, Trying Not To Forget Those In Between". National Public Radio. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
  8. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 169.
  9. ^ "The Johnson County War: 1892 Invasion of Northern Wyoming | WyoHistory.org". www.wyohistory.org. Retrieved September 14, 2017.
  10. ^ A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans – William E. Connelly – Lewis Publishing Company – 1918. 1918. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
  11. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  12. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  13. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  14. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  15. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  16. ^ "Money Magazine". CNN. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  17. ^ "Best Places to Live 2008 – Kansas". Money Magazine. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
  18. ^ a b c d "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
  19. ^ "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on October 8, 2007. Retrieved December 28, 2007.
  20. ^ Panetta, Grace (August 3, 2022). "14 of the 19 Kansas counties that rejected an anti-abortion amendment voted for Trump in 2020". Business Insider. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
  21. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org.
  22. ^ "Presidential Election Results by County 1960–Present". Uselectionatlas.org. January 24, 1999. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
  23. ^ "Presidential Election Results by County Pre 1960". Geoelections.free.fr. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
  24. ^ "Johnson County Election Office | State Representatives". www.jocoelection.org. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
  25. ^ "Johnson County Election Office | State Senators". www.jocoelection.org. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
  26. ^ Milburn, John (August 24, 2004). "Lawmakers debate what constitutes 'suitable education'". .ljworld.com. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
  27. ^ "Kansas to extend school-funding debate this week". Shawnee Dispatch. March 17, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
  28. ^ "Capitol Update: Sen. Skubal says time has come for legislature to 'do its job to fully fund our schools'". Shawnee Mission Post - Neighborhood news and events for northeast Johnson County. January 15, 2018. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
  29. ^ Sloan, Betsy Webster, Nick. "As school funding debate continues in Kansas, JoCo superintendents request $12M". Retrieved April 14, 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Capitol Update: Rep. Rooker says 'devil is in the details' on Brownback budget proposal, including $600 million for schools". Shawnee Mission Post - Neighborhood news and events for northeast Johnson County. January 15, 2018. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
  31. ^ "Board of County Commissioners". www.jocogov.org. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
  32. ^ a b Kansas County Treasurer's Association Kansas Sales Tax Rates by County Archived August 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  33. ^ Kansas City Area Development Council ThinkKC Property Taxes Archived August 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine (accessed June 7, 2006)
  34. ^ "Three Republican candidates for sheriff agree on many of questions posed by conservative group". June 8, 2016.
  35. ^ "Detention Bureau". Johnson County Sheriff. January 13, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
  36. ^ "Patrol". Johnson County Sheriff. February 15, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
  37. ^ "Johnson County forming new task force to combat violent crime, keep teens safe". March 29, 2019.
  38. ^ "Our Story". Johnson Countly Library. June 14, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  39. ^ "Payday loan mogul Scott Tucker can't pay for his own defense attorneys". kansascity. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
  40. ^ "Kansas City-raised David Dastmalchian: From Twin Peaks to Ant-Man to his latest KC-filmed feature, All Creatures Here Below". May 14, 2019.

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