List of wars: 2003–present

(Redirected from List of wars 2003–present)

Graph of deaths in armed conflicts by type from 2003 to 2022

Merriam-Webster defines war as "a state of opened and declared armed hostile conflict between states or nations".[1] Lexico defines war as "A state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country".[2] Conflicts causing at least 1,000 deaths in one calendar year are considered wars by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program.[3] This is a list of wars that began from 2003 onwards. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

2003–2009 edit

Started Ended Name of conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
2003 2020 War in Darfur

 Sudan
Supported by:
 China
 Iran (until 2016)
 Russia
 Belarus


United Nations UNAMID (from 2007)

SRF

SARC (from 2014)
SLFA (from 2017)

  • SLA-Unity
  • SLMJ
  • JEM (Jali)

Supported by:
 South Sudan
 Chad (2005–2010)
 Eritrea (until 2008)
Libya (until 2011)
 Uganda (until 2015)

2003 2011 Iraq War

Part of the Iraqi conflict

Invasion phase (2003)
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Australia
 Poland
Peshmerga
Supported by:
 Netherlands
 Italy
Post-invasion (2003–11)
 United States
 United Kingdom

MNF–I
(2003–09)

Iraq
Supported by:
Iran Iran
 Iraqi Kurdistan

Invasion phase (2003)
 Iraq
Post-invasion (2003–11)
Ba'ath loyalists


Sunni insurgents


Shia insurgents

Supported by:
 Iran

2004 2010 Sinaloa Cartel–Gulf Cartel conflict

Part of the Mexican drug war

Sinaloa Cartel

Gulf Cartel

2004 Ongoing South Thailand insurgency  Thailand National Revolution Front (BRN)
Runda Kumpulan Kecil (RKK)
Pattani Islamic Mujahideen Movement (GMIP)
United Mujahideen Front of Pattani (BBMP)
Islamic Front for the Liberation of Pattani (BIPP)
Patani United Liberation Organisation (PULO)
Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)
BNPP
2004 Ongoing Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

 Pakistan


 United States
 United Kingdom

Taliban-aligned groups

ISIL-aligned groups

2004 Ongoing Iran–PJAK conflict

Part of the Kurdish separatism in Iran

 Iran
Supported by:
 Turkey

Kurdistan Free Life Party
Supported by:
 United States

2004 Ongoing Conflict in the Niger Delta

Nigeria
Supported by:
 Belarus
 Israel

Niger Delta Avengers (2016–present)
Niger Delta Greenland Justice Mandate (2016–present)
Joint Niger Delta Liberation Force (2016–present)
Niger Delta Red Squad (2016–present)
Adaka Boro Avengers (2016–present)
Asawana Deadly Force of Niger Delta (2016–present)
Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (2016–present)
New Delta Avengers (2017–present)
Niger Delta Marine Force (2017–present)
Reformed Egbesu Fraternities


Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (2004–2014)
Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force (2003–2009)
Niger Delta Liberation Front (2005–2014)
Joint Revolutionary Council (2004–2014)


Niger Delta Vigilante (2004–2009)


Supported by:
Republic of Biafra IPOB elements

2004 Ongoing Kivu conflict

 Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo Pro-government Mai-Mai militias
FDLR (2006–2014)
APCLS (2012–2013)
Nyatura (2012–2014)
United Nations MONUSCO
 Angola
 Zimbabwe
 Botswana (Against FNL and FNL-Nzabampema only)
Supported by:
 Belgium
 France
 Belarus

CNDP (2006–2009)
Democratic Republic of the Congo M23(2012–present)
Allegedly supported by:
 Rwanda


FDLR (2014–present)
RUD-Urunana (2006–present)
Nyatura (2014–present)
FNL-Nzabampema (2013–present)
FNL/Palipehutu (1993–2009 and 2010–2013)
FPB (2015–present)
RED-Tabara (2015–present)


APCLS (2013–2016)
Nduma Defense of Congo (2008–present)
Mai Mai Yakutumba (2009–present)
CNPSC (2017–present)
Other Anti-government Mai Mai militas (1996–present)
Raia Mutomboki (2005–present)


ADF
 Islamic State (Central Africa Province)

2004 2014 Houthi insurgency in Yemen

Ansar Allah
 Yemen (pro-Saleh forces)
Alleged support by:
 Iran
 North Korea

 Yemen

 Saudi Arabia
Supported by:
 Belarus
 Jordan
 Morocco
 Sudan
 United States


Ansar al-Sharia

2004 2007 Central African Republic Bush War

 Central African Republic
 Chad
MINURCAT
MICOPAX (CEEAC)

Rebels:
Union of Democratic Forces for Unity (UFDR)
People's Army for the Restoration of Democracy (APRD)
Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace (CPJP)
Movement of Central African Liberators for Justice (MLCJ)
Patriotic Convention for Saving the Country (CPSK)
Democratic Front of the Central African People (FDPC)
FDC
GALPC
FPR

2004 Ongoing Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency

Part of the Balochistan conflict

 Iran

Jundallah (2004–11)
Harakat Ansar (2012–13)
Jaish ul-Adl (2013–Present)
Ansar Al-Furqan (2013–Present)

2005 2005 2005 Bangladesh India border clash  India  Bangladesh
2005 Ongoing Insurgency in Paraguay

 Paraguay
Supported by:
 United States
 Colombia


Vigilante self-defense groups

Paraguayan People's Army (EPP)
Armed Peasant Association (ACA)
Paraguay Army of Marshal López (EML) (from 2016)
Supported by:
FARC (until 2016)
Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (alleged)

2005 2010 Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)

 Chad
 France
 China
Sudan NMRD
JEM
Supported by:
 Ukraine

Rebels:
FUC
UFDD
RFD
CNT
CDR
UFDP
RDL
UFDD-F
CNR
URF
MDJT
UFCD
FSR
UFR
UMC
FPRN
UDC
MPRD
Sudan Janjaweed
Alleged support:
 Sudan (until 2010)

2005 2008 Mount Elgon insurgency  Kenya Sabaot Land Defence Force
2006 Ongoing Fatah–Hamas conflict Hamas Fatah

Supported by:
 United States (allegedly)
 United Kingdom (covert)

2006 2008 Iraqi Civil War

Part of the Iraq War

Public stability:
Iraq Iraq
United States United States
United Kingdom United Kingdom
MNF-I
Private Security Contractors
Kurdistan Region Peshmerga
Sons of Iraq

Sunni factions:
Iraqi Ba'ath Party Loyalists

Ansar al-Sunna
Islamic Army of Iraq
Sunni tribes
Other Sunni insurgents and militia


Mujahideen Shura Council

Islamic State of Iraq


Shi'a factions:
Mahdi Army
Special Groups

Badr Brigades
Rogue elements among the Iraqi security forces
Soldiers of Heaven
Shia tribes
Other militias

2006 2013 Operation Astute Australia
New Zealand
Malaysia
Portugal
East Timor
United Nations
Renegade elements of Timor Leste Defence Force
2006 2009 Bakassi conflict  Cameroon BAMOSD

BFF
MEND
SCAPO
LSCP
BSDF

2006 2006 2006 Lebanon War

Part of the Israeli–Lebanese conflict

 Israel
Supported by:
 United States

Hezbollah
Amal
LCP
PFLP-GC
Supported by:
 Iran
 Syria
 Lebanon

2006 2009 Eelam War IV

Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War

 Sri Lanka

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

2006 Ongoing Mexican drug war

Mexico Mexico

Consulting and training support by:
United States United States through the Merida Initiative
Colombia Colombia through the National Police of Colombia
Australia Australia through the Australian Federal Police

Cartels:


Cartels:

Supported by:


Cartels:

Supported by:

2006 2009 War in Somalia (2006–09)

Part of the Somali Civil War

 Ethiopia
Somalia Somalia
 Puntland
Somalia Galmudug
Somalia pro-Ethiopian fraction leaders
Somalia Sufi groups
 United States
AMISOM

Supported by:
 United Kingdom

Invasion:
Islamic Courts Union
Insurgency:
Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia
al-Shabaab
Al-Qaeda and other foreign mujahideen
Ras Kamboni Brigades
Jabhatul Islamiya
Muaskar Anole

2007 Ongoing Operation Juniper Shield

 Algeria
 Morocco
Mauritania Mauritania
Tunisia Tunisia
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso
 Chad
 Mali
 Niger
Nigeria Nigeria
 Senegal
Supported & trained by:
United States United States
Canada Canada
France France
Germany Germany
Netherlands Netherlands
Spain Spain
United Kingdom United Kingdom

al-Qaeda (2007–present)
Ansar Dine (2012–17)
Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (2017–present)
Supported by:
Boko Haram (2009–15)
MOJWA (2011–13)


Islamic State Islamic State

2007 2009 Tuareg rebellion (2007–09)

Part of the Tuareg rebellions

 Niger
 Mali

In Niger:
Niger Movement for Justice
Front of Forces for Rectification (2008 split)
Niger Patriotic Front (2009 split)
In Mali:
ADC
ATMNC (2008 split)

2007 2007 2007 Lebanon conflict Lebanon Lebanon Fatah al-Islam

Jund al-Sham

2007 2007 Hamas' takeover of Gaza

Part of the Fatah–Hamas conflict

Hamas Fatah
2007 2015 War in Ingushetia

Part of the Second Chechen War and the Insurgency in the North Caucasus

Russia Russia

2008 2008 2008 invasion of Anjouan

African Union

Supported by:

 Anjouan
2008 2008 2008 Lebanon conflict

 Hezbollah
Amal Movement
LDP
SSNP
Arab Democratic Party

Future Movement
Progressive Socialist Party

2008 2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict  Eritrea  Djibouti
2008 2011 Cambodian–Thai border dispute  Cambodia  Thailand
2008 2008 2008 Bangladesh India border clash  Bangladesh  India
2008 2008 Russo-Georgian War

 Russia
 South Ossetia
 Abkhazia

 Georgia
2008 2008 2008 Kufra conflict Libya Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya
2008 2009 Gaza War

Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict

Israel Israel  Gaza Strip
2009 Ongoing Somali Civil War (2009–present)

Part of the Somali Civil War

 Somalia
 United States
AMISOM

Participants:

Regional forces:

Supported by:
 United Kingdom
Non-combat support:
 European Union

Al-Qaeda

Hizbul Islam (until 2010; 2012–2014)
Allegedly supported by:
 Eritrea


 Islamic State (from 2015)

2009 Ongoing Sudanese nomadic conflicts Various tribes Various tribes
2009 2017 Insurgency in the North Caucasus

Part of the Chechen–Russian conflict

 Russia

Caucasus Emirate
(2009–17)

Imam Shamil Battalion (2017)


Islamic State

2009 2009 2009 Peruvian political crisis  Peru AIDESEP
2009 Ongoing Boko Haram insurgency Multinational Joint Task Force

Local militias and vigilantes[7]

Foreign mercenaries[12]

Boko Haram
Islamic State's West Africa Province

  • Several minor factions[32]

Ansaru[a]
Supported by:
al-Qaeda[37]

Taliban[42]
 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015)[43]

2009 2009 2009 Boko Haram uprising

Part of the Boko Haram insurgency

 Nigeria Boko Haram
2009 Ongoing South Yemen insurgency

Yemen
Pro-government tribes

Supported by:
 Saudi Arabia

South Yemen Southern Transitional Council (since 2017)

Supported by:
 United Arab Emirates

2009 2010 Operation Scorched Earth

Part of the Houthi insurgency in Yemen

 Yemen
Hashed tribesmen
 Saudi Arabia
Alleged:
 Morocco

Houthis
Alleged:
Iran ( Quds Force)
 Hezbollah
North Korea

2009 2009 Dongo conflict

 Democratic Republic of the Congo
Supported by:
United Nations MONUC
 Rwanda (alleged)

Lobala rebels
Possibly:
Resistance Patriots of Dongo

2010–2019 edit

Started Ended Name of conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
2010 2010 2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes

 Kyrgyz provisional government
Supported by:
 Russia
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan
 United States
 China
Turkey Turkey

Pro-Bakiyev Kyrgyz gangs
Other pro- Bakiyev forces

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (alleged)


Kyrgyzstani Uzbeks

 Uzbekistan (limited involv.)

2010 2010 2010 Kingston unrest

Part of the Jamaican political conflict

 Jamaica
 United States

Shower Posse drug cartel
2010 2015 Tajikistan insurgency

Tajikistan Tajikistan

United Tajik Opposition


2010 2011 Second Ivorian Civil War

Ivory Coast FNCI
Liberia Liberian mercenaries
Ivory Coast RDR
United Nations UNOCI
 France
 Ukraine

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast
Liberia Liberian mercenaries
Ivory Coast COJEP
Ivory Coast FPI


2011 2023 Sinai insurgency

 Egypt
 Israel
 United Arab Emirates

Islamists:


Islamic State Islamic State

2011 Ongoing Shia insurgency in Bahrain

Bahrain

Al-Ashtar Brigades

  • Wa'ad Allah Brigades
  • Islamic Allah Brigades
  • Imam al-Mahdi Brigades
  • al-Haydariyah Brigades

Iran (alleged)
Saraya al-Mukhtar (al-Mukhtar Brigade)
Saraya al Karar
Asa’ib al-Muqawama al-Bahrainia

2011 2011 First Libyan Civil War

National Transitional Council

 Qatar


Enforcing UNSC Resolution 1973:


 Jordan
 Sweden
 United Arab Emirates


Minor border clashes:
 Tunisia

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

  • Paramilitary forces
  • Pro-Gaddafi tribes
  • Foreign mercenaries (alleged)

Military support:


Minor border clashes:
Darfur rebels

2011 Ongoing Syrian civil war

Syrian Arab Republic
Hezbollah
 Iran
 Russia (2015–present)

Support

 Iraq (2017–19)

Syrian Interim Government (Syrian opposition)
 Turkey (2016–present)

Support:

Syrian Salvation Government(Tahrir al-Sham)

Support:

 Islamic State (2013–present)

Support

Al-Qaeda (2013–2014)


Rojava (Syrian Democratic Forces) (2012–present)

Support:

CJTF–OIR (2014–present)

Participants:
2011 2020 Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile  Sudan

SRF

Alleged support:
 Ethiopia
 South Sudan

2011 2017 Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon

Part of the Syrian civil war

 Lebanon


Pro-Syrian government militias:

Supported by:

Other militias:

Anti-Syrian government militias:


Al-Qaeda affiliates:


 Islamic State Surrendered
(from 2013)

2011 Ongoing Ethnic violence in South Sudan (2011–present)

Part of the Sudanese nomadic conflicts

Various tribes Various tribes
2011 2012 Operation Linda Nchi

Part of the Somali Civil War (2009–present)

 Kenya

Somalia Somalia
Raskamboni Front
ASWJ
Azania

Al-Shabaab
2011 2014 Factional violence in Libya (2011–14) Libya Libya
  • Government-sanctioned local militias
Various militias

Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries

2011 2013 Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)

Part of the Iraq War

Iraq Iraq
Supported by

 United States

Sunni insurgent factions:

Islamic State of Iraq (ISIL since April 2013)


Ba'ath Party Loyalists


Shi'a factions:

Supported by:
 Iran
 Russia

2012 Ongoing Mali War

 Government of Mali
 France
 ECOWAS


 Chad[53]
 Burundi[54]
 Gabon[55]
 South Africa[56]
 Rwanda[56]
 Tanzania[56]
 Uganda[57]
 China[58]
 Germany[59]
 Sweden[60]
 Estonia[61]


Supported by:

Non-state combatants:

Ganda Iso
 FLNA[94][95]
 MSA (from 2016)
GATIA (from 2014)

National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA)

Islamic Movement of Azawad (MIA)[96]


Islamist Groups

Al-Qaeda
 Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (2017–present)
 Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17)
 Ansar al-Sharia (2012–present)
 Ansar Dine (2012–17)[97]
 AQIM (2012–17)
 Macina Liberation Front (2015–17)[98]
 MOJWA (2011–13)[99][100]
Nigerian jihadist volunteers
 Boko Haram (2012–13)[101]
 Ansaru (2012–13)[101]


 Islamic State

  • Islamic State in the Greater Sahara
2012 2012 Heglig Crisis  Sudan  South Sudan

JEM


SPLM-N

2012 2013 M23 rebellion

Part of the Kivu conflict

 Democratic Republic of the Congo

United Nations MONUSCO

March 23 Movement

Alleged support:
 Rwanda
 Uganda

2012 2012 2012 Abyan offensive

Part of the Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen

Yemen Yemen Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
2012 2012 Baragoi clashes Samburu tribe Turkana tribe
2012 Ongoing Central African Republic Civil War

 Central African Republic
MINUSCA (since 2014)
MISCA (2013–2014)

 France (2013–16)
 South Africa (2012–13)

 FPRC
UPC
 MPC
3R


Anti-balaka

MRPRC

2013 2013 Lahad Datu standoff Malaysia
Sabahan villagers
Sultanate of Sulu
2013 2020 Batwa–Luba clashes

Part of the Katanga insurgency

Pygmy Batwa militias
  • "Perci"
Luba militias
  • "Elements"
2013 2021 RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)  Mozambique RENAMO
2013 2013 Zamboanga City crisis

Part of the Moro conflict

 Philippines  Bangsamoro Republik
2013 2020 South Sudanese Civil War

Part of the ethnic violence in South Sudan (2011–present)

 South Sudan

Allied militias

 SSLM
 JEM[b]
 SPLM-N[107][105] (alleged)
 EUPF[108] (alleged)
State allies:  Uganda
 Egypt[109] (alleged)

 SPLM-IO[110]
Nuer White Army

TFNF[116]

SSFDP South Sudan National Army[117][118]

 NAS[119] (since March 2017)
 SSPA
South Sudan SS-UF

Arrow Boys (since Nov. 2015)

 Wau State insurgents[120]

Supported by:
 Sudan (South Sudanese gov. claim)[121]


 UNMISS[122]

United Nations Regional Protection Force[123]
2013 2017 War in Iraq (2013–2017)  Iraq

Allied groups:

CJTF–OIR

Support:

 Iran
 Hezbollah
 Syria (2014)


Iraqi Kurdistan

Sinjar Alliance
PKK
 Syrian Kurdistan


Islamic State Islamic State

Other anti-government groups:

2014 Ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War (outline)  Russia

 Donetsk People's Republic
 Luhansk People's Republic


Supported by:
 Belarus

Ukraine Ukraine

Supported by:
 NATO[d][124]
 European Union[125]

 Canada

 United Kingdom

 United States

2014 2014 2014 Aswan tribal clashes Arab Al-Halayel (Beni Helal) clan Nubian Al-Dabodeya family
2014 2020 Second Libyan Civil War

Libya House of Representatives (Tobruk-based)

JEM (from 2016)
SLM/A-Minnawi
Wagner Group

Further Support:

Libya Gaddafi loyalists

Libya Government of National Accord (Tripoli-based) (since 2016)

Aligned militias:
Supported by:

Libya National Salvation Government
(2014–17)

Supported by:
 Qatar (2014–16)
 Sudan (2014–16)
 Turkey (2014–16)
 Iran (allegedly)


Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries
al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

SCBR militia:

Ansar al-Sharia
Libya Shield 1
(2014–16)
February 17th Martyrs Brigade
Rafallah al-Sahati Brigade
Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna (2014–18)

Libya Benghazi Defense Brigades
Ajdabiya Revolutionaries Shura Council (2015–16)
Libya Derna Protection Force


ISIL Supported by:
AQIM (2014–2015; alleged in 2016)

2014 Ongoing War against the Islamic State

Intervening in Syria and Iraq:

CJTF–OIR

Support:

 Iran


Intervening in Syria only:

 Russia
 Saudi Arabia (2014–16)
 Bahrain (2014–16)
 United Arab Emirates (2014–16)


Support:


RSII coalition:


Local forces:

Local forces in Iraq:

Iraq Iraq Government (supported by U.S. and RSII coalitions)

Shi'a militias: (supported by Iran)

Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq

Kurdistan Region Iraqi Kurdistan
 Iraqi Turkmen Front (supported by Turkey)
Nineveh Plain Protection Units

Local forces in Syria:

 Syria (supported by Russia and Iran)
Syrian Democratic Forces (U.S. & allies)
Vetted Syrian Opposition (U.S. & allies)
Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (supported by Turkey)

Local forces
in Lebanon
:

 Lebanon
Hezbollah
Lebanese Communist Party

Local forces
in Libya
:

LibyaGovernment of National Accord
Misrata Brigades
Misrata Military Council


Egyptian-led
intervention
:

(in Libya)

 Egypt
 Libya


Nigerian-led
intervention
:

(Boko Haram joined ISIL in 2015)

 Nigeria
 Cameroon
 Chad
 Niger
 Benin
 United States

See also: American military intervention


 Algeria


Islamic Military
Alliance

Islamic State


al-Qaeda

2014 2014 2014 Gaza War

Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict

 Israel  Gaza Strip
2014 Ongoing Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)

Supreme Political Council

Alleged support

 North Korea


Al-Qaeda
Ansar al-Sharia

Alleged support

 Saudi Arabia
 United Arab Emirates


Islamic State ISIL-YP

Cabinet of Yemen

Saudi-led coalition

 Saudi Arabia
 United Arab Emirates (limited involvement)
 Senegal
 Sudan (2015–19)
 Morocco (2015–19)
 Qatar (2015–17)
Academi security contractors

Under 1,000 troops:

United States United States
France France
Academi


Southern Movement

Supported by:
 United Arab Emirates

2014 2015 Houthi takeover in Yemen

Part of the Yemeni Civil War

Houthis Yemen Government of Yemen
2015 Ongoing Islamic State insurgency in Tunisia

Part of the Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)

 Islamic State (ISIL)

Islamic State Ansar al-Sharia
(only in March 2016)

 Tunisia

Supported by:
United Kingdom United Kingdom

2015 Ongoing Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–present)

Part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)

 Turkey Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK)

YDG-H:

HBDH
Kurdistan Freedom Hawks

2016 Ongoing 2016 Niger Delta conflict

Part of the Conflict in the Niger Delta

 Nigeria Niger Delta Separatists:
Adaka Boro Avengers
Asawana Deadly Force of Niger Delta
Niger Delta Avengers
Niger Delta Greenland Justice Mandate
Niger Delta Justice Defence Group
Niger Delta Volunteers
Niger Delta Red Squad
Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders
Reformed Egbesu Fraternities

Supported by:
Republic of Biafra Indigenous People of Biafra

2016 2016 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

 Azerbaijan Republic of Artsakh Nagorno-Karabakh Republic

 Armenia

2016 2017 Pool War  Republic of the Congo Ninja militia
2016 2019 Kamwina Nsapu rebellion  Democratic Republic of the Congo

Allied militias:

Kamwina Nsapu militia
  • Various independent militias
2016 Ongoing Conflict in Rakhine State

Part of the Rohingya conflict and the Internal conflict in Myanmar

 Myanmar Arakan Army

Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army

2016 2016 Kasese clashes  Uganda  Rwenzururu
2016 Ongoing Insurgency in Northern Chad  Chad
 France

JEM

Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT)
Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic (CCMSR)
Union of Forces of Resistance (UFR)
Front de la Nation pour la Démocratie et la Justice (FNDJT)
2017 2017 2017 Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmish

Part of the Afghanistan–Pakistan skirmishes

 Pakistan Afghanistan Afghanistan
2017 2020 2017–2020 Qatif unrest

Part of the Qatif conflict

 Saudi Arabia Shia minority

Hezbollah Al-Hejaz

2017 2017 Marawi crisis

Part of the Moro conflict and the Military intervention against ISIL

 Philippines

Supported by:

Foreign supporters:

  •  United States (Military equipment, aid, and technical assistance)
  •  Australia (Intelligence support)
  •  China (Military equipment)
  •  Israel (Intelligence support and military equipment)
 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
2017 Ongoing Anglophone Crisis  Cameroon  Ambazonia
2017 Ongoing Insurgency in Cabo Delgado

 Mozambique
 Rwanda (from 2021)
Supported by:
 Russia
 Tanzania
 Uganda

 Ansar al-Sunna
 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (denied by Mozambican government)
Supported by:
Organized crime
Foreign sympathizers

2017 2017 2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict

Part of the War in Iraq

 Iraq
Supported by:
 Iran  Turkey

 Iraqi Kurdistan
Supported by:
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia


PKK
PUK
PDKI

2017 Ongoing Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)

Part of the Iraqi conflict

 Iraq

Pro-Government Tribes
Rojava (cross-border cooperation since May 2018)

CJTF-OIR:

Supported by:

Iran Iran
Qatar Qatar
Egypt Egypt

 NATO


 Kurdistan Region

Supported by:
Netherlands Netherlands

Islamic State

White Flags


Iraqi Baath Party

2018 Ongoing Catatumbo campaign

Part of the Colombian conflict

 Colombia
 National Liberation Army (ELN)
Nororiental de Guerra

Frente 33
 Popular Liberation Army (EPL)
2018 2018 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes

Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

 Azerbaijan  Armenia
2018 2018 November 2018 Gaza–Israel clashes

Part of the Gaza-Israel conflict

Israel Israel  Gaza Strip
2019 2019 2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes

Part of the Indo−Pakistani conflicts and the Kashmir conflict

India India Pakistan Pakistan
2019 2019 May 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes

Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict

 Israel  Gaza Strip

Supported by:

 Iran

2019 2022 Benishangul-Gumuz conflict

Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

Ethiopia Ethiopia Gumuz Liberation Front

Buadin


Oromo Liberation Army

2019 2019 November 2019 Gaza-Israel clashes

Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict

Israel Israel Palestinian Islamic Jihad

2020–2024 edit

Started Ended Name of conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
2020 2021 2020–2021 China–India skirmishes China China India India
2020 Ongoing Western Togoland Rebellion Ghana Western Togoland Restoration Front
2020 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh War

Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

 Azerbaijan

Arms suppliers:

 Armenia

 Artsakh


Arms suppliers:

2020 Ongoing Afar–Somali clashes

Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

Somali Region
Somali-allied militas
Afar Region Afar Region
Afar Region Afar-allied militas
2020 2022 Tigray War

Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

TPLF

Ethiopia Ethiopia
Eritrea Eritrea

Ethiopia Ethiopia

TPLF
Oromo Liberation Army

2020 Ongoing Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)

Part of the Western Sahara conflict

Morocco Morocco Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
2020 2022 2020–2022 Ethiopian–Sudanese clashes Sudan Sudan Ethiopia Ethiopia

TPLF

2021 Ongoing Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria

Part of the herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria and the conflict in the Niger Delta

Republic of Biafra IPOB  Nigeria
2021 2021 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Tajikistan
2021 Ongoing Myanmar civil war (2021–present)

Part of the Internal conflict in Myanmar

State Administration Council

Ethnic armed organisations

Supported by:

National Unity Government

Ethnic armed organisations

Supported by:

2021 2021 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis

Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Israel Israel  Gaza Strip

West Bank

2021 Ongoing Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis Armenia Armenia Azerbaijan Azerbaijan
2021 Ongoing Republican insurgency in Afghanistan

Part of the Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan National Resistance Front of Afghanistan
2021 2021 2021 Afghanistan–Iran clashes Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan  Iran
2022 Ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine

Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War

 Russia

 Donetsk People's Republic
 Luhansk People's Republic

 Ukraine
2022 Ongoing M23 offensive

Part of the Kivu conflict

March 23 Movement

 Rwanda
Supported by:
 Uganda (June 2022; alleged by DR Congo)


Jean-Marie Nyatura's militia

 DR Congo
United Nations MONUSCO

East African Community EAC Regional Force

SADC
FDLR
Pro-government Mai-Mai
Pro-government Nyatura factions
APCLS

2022 2022 2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia

Part of the Somali Civil War

 Ethiopia Al-Shabaab
2022 2022 2022 Gaza–Israel clashes

Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Israel Israel Palestinian Islamic Jihad
2022 2022 2022 Armenian-Azerbaijani clashes

Part of the 2021–2023 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis

Armenia Armenia Azerbaijan Azerbaijan
2022 2022 2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Tajikistan
2023 Ongoing 2023 Las Anod conflict  Somaliland  SSC-Khatumo

 Puntland

2023 Ongoing War in Amhara
Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018-present)
Fano militia
Amhara Region Amhara Special Force
Ethiopia ENDF
2023 2023 2023 Afghanistan–Iran clash Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan  Iran
2023 Ongoing War in Sudan (2023) Sudan Transitional Sovereignty Council Sudan Rapid Support Forces
2023 2023 Wagner Group rebellion
Part of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
PMC Wagner

Supported by:

Russian government
2023 2023 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh
Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Republic of Artsakh Artsakh
2023 Ongoing 2023 Israel–Hamas war
Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict
Israel Israel
State of Palestine Gaza

State of Palestine West Bank

 Hezbollah[131]

Houthis[132]

Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance[133]

Supported by:

2023 Ongoing 2023 Israel–Lebanon border clashes
Part of the Israeli–Lebanese conflict, and the spillover of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
 Israel  Hezbollah
Hamas
PIJ
PFLP
Lebanese Resistance Brigades
2023 Ongoing 2023 American–Middle East conflict
Spillover of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
 United States
Syrian opposition Revolutionary Commando Army

Syrian Democratic Forces

In support of:
 Israel

Syria Syria
Iraq Iraqi militias
 Houthis[citation needed]
Iran Iran

In support of:
 Hamas

2024 Ongoing 2024 Ecuadorian conflict Ecuador Government of Ecuador Organized crime groups, notably Los Choneros
2024 2024 2024 Iran-Pakistan border skirmishes Iran Iran Pakistan Pakistan
  1. ^ The exact origin of Ansaru is unclear, but it had already existed as Boko Haram faction[33] before officially announcing its foundation as separate group on 1 January 2012.[33][34][35] The group has no known military presence in Nigeria since 2015, but several of its members appear to be still active.[36]
  2. ^ The SPLM-IO accused JEM of supporting Kiir's government since 2013, though JEM has denied any involvement and claims to maintain neutrality in the South Sudanese Civil War.[103] The Sudanese government,[104] aid workers[103] and other sources[105] have however affirmed that JEM is taking part in conflict on the side of the South Sudanese government.[106]
  3. ^ The Cobra Faction openly opposed the government until 2014, and remained in relative opposition until 2015, when it divided into a pro-government and pro-SPLM-IO faction, the latter of which formed the Greater Pibor Forces. In early 2016, the Cobra Faction effectively disbanded, when the remaining group joined the government.[111][112] In September 2016, however, the Cobra Faction was declared restored by some of its commanders and declared that it had resumed its struggle against the government.[113]
  4. ^ Arms, military exercises and general aid.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "War – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
  2. ^ "War | Definition of War by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of War". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
  3. ^ "Definitions Uppsala Conflict Data Program". Uppsala Conflict Data Program. Archived from the original on 25 October 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
  4. ^ Faced with Boko Haram, Cameroon weighs death penalty for terrorism. Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine By Tansa Musa, Reuters. YAOUNDE Wed 3 December 2014 9:56am EST.
  5. ^ Chad armoured column heads for Cameroon to fight Boko Haram. Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine AFP for Yahoo! News, 16 January 2015 4:54 PM.
  6. ^ a b West Africa leaders vow to wage 'total war' on Boko Haram Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine By John Irish and Elizabeth Pineau. 17 May 2014 2:19 PM.
  7. ^ "Vigilantes Settle Local Scores With Boko Haram". Voice of America. 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  8. ^ ICG (2018), pp. i, 4–8.
  9. ^ ICG (2018), pp. 5, 6.
  10. ^ ICG (2018), pp. i, 3, 7.
  11. ^ ICG (2018), p. 3.
  12. ^ Adama Nossiter (12 March 2015). "Mercenaries Join Nigeria's Military Campaign Against Boko Haram". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  13. ^ Colin Freeman (10 May 2015). "South African mercenaries' secret war on Boko Haram". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 18 March 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
  14. ^ Union agrees to send 7,500 troops to fight Boko Haram in Nigeria[dead link]. Mashable.com, 31 January 2015.
  15. ^ The African Union Readies an Army to Fight Boko Haram Archived 3 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Medium.com.
  16. ^ a b c "Feeling the heat: West combats extremists' advance in Africa's deserts". CNN. 27 February 2015. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  17. ^ Canada joins effort to free Nigerian schoolgirls. Archived 1 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine 14 May 2014 3:23 pm Updated: 15 May 2014 7:01 pm. By Murray Brewster, The Canadian Press
  18. ^ a b c Kidnapped schoolgirls: British experts to fly to Nigeria 'as soon as possible'. Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine theguardian.com, Wednesday 7 May 2014 17.33 BST.
  19. ^ Iaccino, Ludovica (5 December 2016). "Nigeria turns east: Russia and Pakistan now selling warplanes to help in Boko Haram fight". Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  20. ^ "Nigerian Special Forces battalion completes training course in Pakistan". quwa.org. 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 11 June 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  21. ^ "Boko Haram: Obasanjo leads Colombian security experts to Buhari – Premium Times Nigeria". 12 October 2015. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  22. ^ "In Pictures: Lt. General Buratai visits Colombia". The NEWS. 25 January 2016. Archived from the original on 3 February 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  23. ^ "Egypt Pledges To Support Nigeria in Fight Against Boko Haram • Channels Television". 30 May 2015. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  24. ^ "Boko Haram: Egypt assures Nigeria of support – The Nation Nigeria". 20 October 2015. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  25. ^ Israel sends experts to help hunt for Nigerian schoolgirls kidnapped by Islamists. Archived 10 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine Jerusalem Post; 20 May 2014 18:03.
  26. ^ Andrew McGregor (8 May 2019). "Nigeria Seeks Russian Military Aid in its War on Boko Haram". Aberfoyle International Security. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  27. ^ "British troops to help fight against Boko Haram as SAS target Isil". the Telegraph. 20 December 2014. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  28. ^ "Obama to deploy 300 US troops to Cameroon to fight Boko Haram | World news". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 14 October 2015. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  29. ^ "US troops deployed to Cameroon for Boko Haram fight". Al Jazeera English. 14 October 2015. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  30. ^ Беларусь попала в ТОП-20 мировых лидеров по экспорту вооружений Archived 27 October 2018 at the Wayback MachineВоенно-политическое обозрение, 1 марта 2017
  31. ^ "Turkey extends its military presence in Africa". Atalayar. 22 October 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  32. ^ TRADOC G-2 (2015), pp. 4, 19.
  33. ^ a b ICG 2014, p. 26.
  34. ^ Sudarsan Raghavan (31 May 2013). "Nigerian Islamist militants return from Mali with weapons, skills". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  35. ^ Steve White (13 March 2013). "Nigerian hostage deaths: British hostage executed in error". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  36. ^ Jacob Zenn (9 December 2017). "Electronic Jihad in Nigeria: How Boko Haram Is Using Social Media". Jamestown Foundation. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  37. ^ ICG 2014, pp. 22–24, 27.
  38. ^ ICG 2014, pp. 22, 26, 27.
  39. ^ "Al-Qaeda now has a united front in Africa's troubled Sahel region". Newsweek. 3 March 2017. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
  40. ^ "Islamists Ansaru claim attack on Mali-bound Nigeria troops: paper". Reuters. 20 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013.
  41. ^ ICG 2014, pp. 22, 26.
  42. ^ ICG 2014, p. 23.
  43. ^ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (5 August 2018). "The Islamic State West Africa Province vs. Abu Bakr Shekau: Full Text, Translation and Analysis". Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  44. ^ a b "Les djihadistes s'emparent d'une ville à 400 km de Bamako" (in French). Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  45. ^ "MALI UPDATE 5: Burkina Faso, Nigeria to send troops to Mali". English.ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
  46. ^ a b c "APA – Int'l Support Mission for Mali to begin operations on Friday". APA. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  47. ^ "Ghana agrees to send troops to Mali". Ghana Business News. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  48. ^ a b "Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'". Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'. 15 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  49. ^ "Ellen: Liberia Will Send Troops to Mali for Peace Mission – Heritage Newspaper Liberia". News.heritageliberia.net. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  50. ^ Irish, John (12 January 2013). "Niger says sending 500 soldiers to Mali operation". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
  51. ^ a b Felix, Bate (11 January 2013). "Mali says Nigeria, Senegal, France providing help". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
  52. ^ "Aid Pledged to Mali as More Troops Deploy". Wall Street Journal. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  53. ^ "Chad to send 2000 soldiers to Mali". Courier Mail. 17 January 2013. Archived from the original on 15 June 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  54. ^ "AU to hold donor conference on Mali intervention". Africa Review. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  55. ^ "WPR Article | Global Insider: Despite Early Successes, France's Mali Challenge is Long-Term". Worldpoliticsreview.com. 8 March 2004. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  56. ^ a b c "Five more African countries pledge to send troops into Mali: Nigerian minister". NZweek. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  57. ^ "Forces capture Gao rebel stronghold – World News". TVNZ. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  58. ^ "Chinese army soldiers conduct first mission as peacekeepers in Mali 1612131 – Army Recognition". Armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  59. ^ (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Bundeswehr in Mali: dangerous, but necessary? - TOP STORIES – DW – 29 January 2017". DW.COM. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  60. ^ "MINUSMA – MALI". Swedish Armed Forces. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  61. ^ "Estonian government approves sending 50 troops to French-led Mali mission". err.ee. 22 March 2018.
  62. ^ "EU dilemma over Malian armed forces training". Euronews. 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013.
  63. ^ "Mali Crisis: EU troops begin training mission". BBC News. 2 April 2013. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013.
  64. ^ "Angola: Country Makes Progress in Implementing Vienna Declaration". allAfrica.com. 28 February 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  65. ^ Metherell, Lexi (29 January 2013). "Australia Tips 10 million in to Mali Effort". ABC News. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
  66. ^ "World's most dangerous peacekeeping mission". BBC News. 20 November 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  67. ^ "Regering keurt steun aan militaire interventie in Mali goed (Belgium sends transport planes, helicopters and military personnel)". De Standaard (in Dutch). 15 January 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  68. ^ "Canada sending C-17 transport plane to help allies in Mali". cbcnews.ca. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  69. ^ "Canadian special forces on the ground in Mali". National Post. 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  70. ^ "Mali: Comoros backs military intervention in Mali". Afriquejet.com. 21 January 2013. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  71. ^ "Czech government approved sending troops to Mali". aktuálně.cz. 6 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  72. ^ "Danmark sender transportfly ind i kampene i Mali (Denmark confirms sending transport planes to Mali skirmish)". Politiken. 14 January 2012. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  73. ^ Denmark Confirms Sending Transport Planes to Mali Skirmish Archived 15 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Politiken, 2013.
  74. ^ "Germany pledges two transport planes for Mali". Agence France-Presse. 16 January 2013. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  75. ^ Germany pledges third transport plane, 20 m dollars for Mali The Guardian, Tuesday 29 January 2013
  76. ^ "Magyarország tíz kiképzővel járul hozzá a misszióhoz" (in Hungarian). kormany.hu. 14 February 2013. Archived from the original on 29 July 2013.
  77. ^ "Defense Minister says Hungary seeking involvement in Mali conflict". politics.hu. 14 February 2013. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.
  78. ^ "Irish and British join forces in Mali mission". The Irish Times. January 1970. Archived from the original on 14 February 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
  79. ^ Squires, Nick (16 January 2013). "Mali: Italy to offer France logistical support". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  80. ^ "India pledges $100m for Mali reconstruction". The Times of India. 5 February 2013. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  81. ^ "India's reaction to Mali conflict differs from Syrian, Libyan crises". The Times of India. 4 February 2013. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  82. ^ "India pledges $1 million to UN-backed mission to Mali". Live Mint. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  83. ^ "India pledges USD one million to UN-backed mission to Mali". The Economic Times. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  84. ^ "India supports efforts at restoring order in Mali". Newstrack India. 5 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  85. ^ "Japan Offers New Aid to Mali, Sahel Region". Voice of America. 29 January 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  86. ^ "Hilfe für Mali zugesagt". Az.com.na. 31 January 2013. Archived from the original on 8 June 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  87. ^ "Nederlands transport voor Franse missie Mali". Nieuws.nl. 17 January 2013. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
  88. ^ "Militari români, trimiși în misiunea din Mali" (in Romanian). Yahoo! România. 6 February 2013. Archived from the original on 11 February 2013.
  89. ^ España confirma que intervendrá en Malí. Cuartopoder, 2013.
  90. ^ Spain provides a transport plane. Archived 2013-01-18 at the Wayback Machine. ABC, 2013.
  91. ^ "Mali aid offers pour in; Army chief sets sights on Timbuktu". Rappler.com. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  92. ^ "UK troops to assist Mali operation to halt rebel advance". BBC. 14 February 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  93. ^ "US provide French air transport in Mali". US to provide French air transport in Mali. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
  94. ^ Par Europe1.fr avec AFP (8 April 2012). "Mali: nouveau groupe armé créé dans le Nord". Europe1.fr. Retrieved 9 April 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  95. ^ Felix, Bate; Diarra, Adama (10 April 2012), "New north Mali Arab force seeks to "defend" Timbuktu", Reuters, archived from the original on June 15, 2012
  96. ^ Ediciones El País (30 January 2013). "El Ejército francés se detiene ante Kidal, el feudo de la minoría tuareg de Malí". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  97. ^ "Gunfire breaks out as Tuareg rebels enter northern Mali city". montrealgazette.com. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2012.[dead link]
  98. ^ "Mali's Islamist conflict spreads as new militant group emerges". Reuters. 19 August 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  99. ^ "Tuareg-jihadists alliance: Qaeda conquers more than half of Mali". middle-east-online.com. 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  100. ^ "Islamist group claims responsibility for Mali attack that killed 5". reuters.com. 7 March 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  101. ^ a b Comolli (2015), pp. 28, 103, 171.
  102. ^ James Copnall (21 August 2014). "Ethnic militias and the shrinking state: South Sudan's dangerous path". African Arguments. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  103. ^ a b Small Arms Survey (2014), p. 7.
  104. ^ Small Arms Survey (2014), pp. 14, 17.
  105. ^ a b "South Sudan deploys more troops to Upper Nile as fighting intensifies". South Sudan News Agency. 9 February 2017. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  106. ^ Small Arms Survey (2014), pp. 7, 11, 14.
  107. ^ Small Arms Survey (2014), pp. 10, 11, 20.
  108. ^ "Ethiopian opposition leader denies supporting South Sudan against rebels". Sudan Tribune. 6 April 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  109. ^ "Egypt supports South Sudan to secure Nile share". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 2017-10-07. Retrieved 2019-04-18.
  110. ^ "South Sudan oil town changes hands for fourth time. Why?". The Christian Science Monitor. 5 May 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  111. ^ a b "Murle faction announces defection to S. Sudan rebels". 24 June 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  112. ^ "South Sudan's Boma state violence displaces hundreds". Sudan Tribune. 31 March 2016.
  113. ^ "Top Cobra Faction general defects from Kiir government". Radio Tamazuj. 27 September 2016. Archived from the original on 1 October 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  114. ^ "Johnson Olony's forces prefer independent command in Upper Nile state". sudantribune.com. 17 May 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
  115. ^ "Government Questions SPLM/A-IO About The Position Of Gen. Johnson Olony". gurtong. 2 April 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  116. ^ "The Conflict in Upper Nile". www.smallarmssurveysudan.org. 8 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  117. ^ "South Sudan General Gathoth Gatkuoth explains to Karin Zeitvogel why he broke with Riek Machar". voanews.com. 12 August 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  118. ^ "Changson dismisses Gathoth Gatkuoth as FDP group splits over advance team to Juba". sudantribune.com. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
  119. ^ John Tanza; Ayen Bior (7 March 2017). "South Sudan Renegade General Calls for Overthrow of Kiir". Voice of America. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  120. ^ "S. Sudan army in control of Wau town after heavy gunfire". sudantribune.com. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  121. ^ "S. Sudan rebels accuse government of backing Ethiopian rebels". Sudan Tribune. 18 March 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  122. ^ "United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan". UNMISS Facts and Figures. UN. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  123. ^ "Mandate". United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). 16 October 2015.
  124. ^ "Nato members 'send arms to Ukraine'". BBC News. 14 September 2014.
  125. ^ https://www.eca.europa.eu/Lists/ECADocuments/SR16_32/SR_UKRAINE_EN.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  126. ^ "Palestinian Al Quds Brigades claim responsibility for attack at Lebanon-Israel border". Al Arabiya. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  127. ^ "Hamide Rencüs: İsrail ilk defa Gazze sınırındaki kontrolü kaybetmiş durumda" [Hamide Rencüs: Israel has lost control of the Gaza border for the first time]. Bianet (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  128. ^ Delalande, Arnaud (17 April 2017). "AeroHisto - Aviation History: The Libyan National Army Is Running Out of Air Power". aerohisto.blogspot.com. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  129. ^ "Iran Update, October 17, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 17 October 2023.
  130. ^ "Qassam Brigades announces control of 'Erez Crossing'". Roya News. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  131. ^ "Israel Army Fires Artillery at Lebanon as Hezbollah Claims Attack". Asharq Al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  132. ^ "كتائب الشهيد عز الدين القسام".
  133. ^ https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/01/politics/drone-attack-base-syria/index.html

Sources edit

External links edit

Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
    • Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements