The National Party of Honduras (PNH; Spanish: Partido Nacional de Honduras) is a conservative political party in Honduras founded on 27 February 1902, by Manuel Bonilla Chirinos. Historically it has been one of the two most influential parties in the country. The party's platform is based on Christian humanist doctrine,[2] and its five main principles are common wealth, dignity of the human person, equality, solidarity and subsidiarity.
National Party of Honduras Partido Nacional de Honduras | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | PNH |
| President | Fátima Juárez[1] |
| Secretary-General | Mario Pineda |
| Founded | 27 February 1902; 121 years ago |
| Headquarters | Comayagüela |
| Youth wing | Nationalist Youth (Juventud Nacionalista) |
| Ideology | Conservatism Social market economy[2] Christian democracy[2] |
| Political position | Centre-right[3][4][5] to right-wing[6][7] |
| International affiliation | Centrist Democrat International (Observer) |
| Regional affiliation | Union of Latin American Parties Christian Democrat Organization of America |
| Colours | Blue |
| Anthem | "Estandartes Azules"[8] "Blue Guidons" |
| National Congress | 44 / 128 |
| Election symbol | |
 | |
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| www | |
Since the foundation of the National Party, Honduras has had 13 PNH presidents. Manuel Bonilla was the first (1903–1907), and the most recent is the president, Juan Orlando Hernández who served from 2014 to 2022. The party was the ruling directive of the National Congress from 2009 to 2022 and currently holds mayoralties of most of the country's municipalities.[9]
History edit
The ideology of the party can be traced back to national hero José Trinidad Cabañas's principles and thinking. Cabañas believed in a strong sense of patriotism, and that national interest was over any other interest. Moreover, in the late 1800s, actors such as Ponciano Leiva and Luis Bogran made efforts to conform an institution which reflected their ideology.[10]
The Progressive Party, led by Ponciano Leiva, joined forces by a movement led by General Manuel Bonilla. On 27 February 1902, in Tegucigalpa, both parties united to form the National Convention, backed by 40,000 signatures from supporters. That event was the birth of the National Party of Honduras.[11]
Symbols edit
Seal edit
Fraternity, equality and justice are reflected in the official seal. Holding arms represent fraternity among Honduran citizens. The scale represents equality between men and women. The burning torch shines defending those in need. The seal also states the party's motto: Social Justice with Liberty and Democracy.[citation needed]
Organic structure edit
- National Convention: Made up from Municipal, State, Regional and national authorities.
- Permanent Commission: Permanent members of the National Convention
- National Committee: Political Commission, Justice Party, Financial and Budget Administration, Political and Ideological Formation
- State Committee: Conformed by the authorities of each of the 18 departments in Honduras
- Local Committee: Counts with Municipal Representation
Electoral history edit
Presidential elections edit
| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1902 | Manuel Bonilla | 28,550 | 48.7% | Elected 
|
| 1916 | Francisco Bertrand | 77,832 | 100% | |
| 1923 | Tiburcio Carías Andino | 49,541 | 47.1% | |
| 1924 | Miguel Paz Barahona | 72,021 | 99% | |
| 1928 | Tiburcio Carías Andino | 47,745 | 43.38% | Lost 
|
| 1932 | 81,211 | Elected
| ||
| 1936 | Elected by Constituent Assembly
| |||
| 1939 | Elected by Congress
| |||
| 1948 | Juan Manuel Gálvez | 254,802 | 99.85% | Elected
|
| 1954 | Tiburcio Carías Andino | 77,726 | 30.85% | Lost
|
| 1971 | Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés | 299,807 | 49.28% | Elected
|
| 1981 | Ricardo Zuñiga | 491,089 | 40.43% | Lost
|
| 1985 | Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero | 701,406 | 45.49% | |
| 1989 | 916,131 | 52.29% | Elected
| |
| 1993 | Oswaldo Ramos Soto | 735,123 | 42.97% | Lost
|
| 1997 | Nora Gúnera de Melgar | 844,985 | 42.76% | |
| 2001 | Ricardo Maduro | 1,135,565 | 52.22% | Elected
|
| 2005 | Porfirio Lobo Sosa | 925,243 | 42.15% | Lost
|
| 2009 | 1,212,846 | 56.56% | Elected
| |
| 2013 | Juan Orlando Hernández | 1,149,302 | 36.89% | |
| 2017 | 1,410,888 | 42.95% | ||
| 2021 | Nasry Asfura | 1,240,260 | 36.93% | Lost
|
National Congress elections edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1923 | 15 / 48
|
 15
|
2nd
| ||
| 1924 | 46 / 46
|
31
|
1st
| ||
| 1926 | 36 / 46
|
 10
| |||
| 1928 | 26 / 48
|
10
| |||
| 1930 | 23 / 48
|
3
| |||
| 1932 | 43 / 56
|
20
| |||
| 1934 | 55 / 59
|
12
| |||
| 1936 | 132,948 | 99.99% | 59 / 59
|
4
| |
| 1942 | 45 / 45
|
14
| |||
| 1948 | 254,802 | 99.85% | 49 / 49
|
4
| |
| 1954 | 77,726 | 30.85% | 23 / 59
|
26
|
2nd
|
| 1956 | 2,003 | 00.48% | 0 / 58
|
23
|
3rd
|
| 1957 | 98,088 | 29.57% | 18 / 58
|
18
|
2nd
|
| 1965 | 334,646 | 55.15% | 35 / 64
|
17
|
1st
|
| 1971 | 299,807 | 52.62% | 32 / 64
|
3
| |
| 1980 | 423,623 | 44.15% | 33 / 71
|
1
|
2nd
|
| 1981 | 491,089 | 41.6% | 34 / 82
|
1
| |
| 1985 | 701,406 | 45.49% | 63 / 134
|
29
| |
| 1989 | 916,131 | 52.29% | 76 / 128
|
13
|
1st
|
| 1993 | 735,123 | 42.97% | 55 / 128
|
21
|
2nd
|
| 1997 | 844,985 | 42.76% | 55 / 128
|
| |
| 2001 | 967,733 | 46.46% | 61 / 128
|
6
|
1st
|
| 2005 | 40.42% | 55 / 128
|
6
|
2nd
| |
| 2009 | 53.37% | 71 / 128
|
16
|
1st
| |
| 2013 | 33.64% | 48 / 128
|
23
| ||
| 2017 | 1,410,888 | 47.66% | 61 / 128
|
13
| |
| 2021 | 30.18% | 44 / 128
|
17
|
2nd
|
Controversies edit
The National Party has been involved in the last few years on several issues of corruption. In 2015, it was discovered that the National Party was using money from the Honduran Social Security in order to finance the campaign of President Juan Orlando Hernandez through an elaborate scheme of companies redirecting Social Security funds to the party.[12] After the scheme was discovered, the President said the money should be returned by the party.[13]
Former President Porfirio Lobo was accused in March 2017 by the New York's DA office for helping protect drug organizations.[14]
In April 2022, former president of Honduras, Juan Orlando Hernández, who served two terms between 2014 and January 2022, was extradited to the United States to face charges of drug trafficking and money laundering. Hernandez denied the accusations.[15]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Fátima Juárez, Nueva Presidenta del Partido Nacional". La Prensa (in Spanish). 24 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
- ^ a b c "Declaration of Principles" (PDF). www.tse.hn (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ^ "Honduras: Background and U.S. Relations". Congressional Research Service. 24 October 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
Honduras's traditional two-party political system, dominated by the Liberal (Partido Liberal, PL) and National (Partido Nacional, PN) Parties, has fractured over the past decade. Both traditional parties are considered to be ideologically center-right, and political competition between them generally has been focused more on using the public sector for patronage than on implementing programmatic agendas.
- ^ "Factbox: Proposals of main parties in Honduras presidential election". Reuters. 26 November 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2021 – via www.reuters.com.
- ^ "Honduras election: Army given more powers to quash unrest". BBC News. 2 December 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ^ Schepers, Emile (20 December 2017). "Honduras still in turmoil after election results; right-wing consolidates coup". People's World. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ^ "Postcard from Honduras: On the Eve of the Election". The New Yorker. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ^ "Declaration of Principles" (PDF). www.tse.hn (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 February 2022.
El Himno del Partido es el denominado ESTANDARTES AZULES y debe ejecutarse en todos los actos políticos oficiales del partido.
- ^ "Tribunal Supremo Electoral". siede.tse.hn. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ "Los 112 años de Fundación del Partido Nacional de Honduras". LaTribuna.hn. 2 March 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ ""Historia de Nuestro Partido"". PartidoNacional.hn. 6 March 2014.
- ^ Lakhani, Nina (10 June 2015). "How hitmen and high living lifted lid on looting of Honduran healthcare system". the Guardian.
- ^ "JOH: Partido Nacional de Honduras debe devolver fondos al IHSS". Diario El Heraldo.
- ^ "Ligan a Porfirio Lobo con narco". 19 March 2017.
- ^ "Juan Orlando Hernández: Honduran ex-leader extradited to US". BBC News. 21 April 2022.