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The Patriotic Salvation Movement (Arabic: الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ, French: Mouvement patriotique du salut, MPS) is the ruling political party in Chad.
Patriotic Salvation Movement Mouvement Patriotique du Salut | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Arabic name | الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ |
| Abbreviation | MPS |
| President | Haroun Kabadi |
| Secretary-General | Haroun Kabadi |
| Honorary President | Mahamat Déby[1] |
| Founder | Idriss Déby |
| Founded | 11 March 1990 |
| Preceded by | 1 April Movement |
| Ideology | Nationalism |
| Political position | Big tent |
| Slogan | "Mourir pour le Salut" ("Dying for Salvation") |
| Seats in the National Assembly | 110 / 188 |
| Website | |
| www.mps-tchad.org | |
History edit
After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the 1 April Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing and carried out attacks across the border into Chad. The MPS was founded in Sudan on 10 March 1990 through the merger of the 1 April Movement with other anti-Habre groups in exile. After a successful offensive in November 1990, Déby and the MPS came to power on 2 December 1990, when their forces entered N'Djamena, the Chadian capital.[2]
Déby was the MPS candidate in the 1996 presidential election and won in a second round. He was again the MPS candidate in the presidential election of 20 May 2001, receiving 63.2% of the vote. In the parliamentary election held on 21 April 2002, the MPS won according to IPU Parline 113 out of 155 seats. In the May 2006 presidential election, Déby was re-elected with 64.7% of the vote.
Electoral history edit
Presidential elections edit
| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First round | Second round | |||||
| 1996 | Idriss Déby | 1,016,277 | 43.82% | 2,102,907 | 69.09% | Elected 
|
| 2001 | 1,533,509 | 63.17% | – | Elected
| ||
| 2006 | 1,863,042 | 64.67% | – | Elected
| ||
| 2011 | 2,503,813 | 88.66% | – | Elected
| ||
| 2016 | 2,219,352 | 59.92% | – | Elected
| ||
| 2021 | 3,663,431 | 79.32% | – | Elected [a] | ||
National Assembly elections edit
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First round | Second round | ||||||||
| 1997 | 504,045 | 40.0% | 262,060% | 34.4% | 65 / 125
|
 65
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 2002 | Nagoum Yamassoum | – | – | 113 / 155
|
48
|
 1st
|
Supermajority government | ||
| 2011 | Haroun Kabadi | in alliance with RDP and RNDP | 134 / 187
|
21
|
1st
|
MPS–RDP–RNDP coalition government | |||
See also edit
Notes edit
- ^ Died before inauguration
References edit
- ^ "Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate". Voice of America. The Standard. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ^ Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 274–275.
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