Habib el-Adly: Difference between revisions

'''Habib Ibrahim El-Adly''' ({{lang-ar|حبيب إبراهيم العادلي}}, {{IPA-arz|ħæˈbiːb ebɾɑˈhiːm elˈʕædli|pron}}; born March 1 1938)<ref>{{cite news|title=حبيب العادلي|url=https://www.aljazeera.net/encyclopedia/icons/2014/11/6/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A|accessdateaccess-date=17 April 2020|newspaper=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=6 November 2014}}</ref> is a former Egyptian politician. He served as interior minister of [[Egypt]] from November 1997 to January 2011. He was the longest serving interior minister under President [[Hosni Mubarak]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt's police: From liberators to oppressors|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/egypts-police-liberators-oppressors|accessdateaccess-date=6 September 2013|newspaper=Egypt Independent|date=24 January 2011|author=Ahmad Zaki Osman}}</ref>

El-Adly was born in 1938.<ref name=who>{{cite web|title=Who’s Who|url=http://connectedincairo.com/resources/whos-who/|work=Connected in Cairo|accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2014}}</ref> He graduated from the police academy in 1959.

In 1965, Adly joined the [[State Security Investigations Service]]. After working at various investigation departments, he was employed at the foreign ministry from 1982 to 1984. He then investigated state security matters, and became assistant interior minister in 1993. He replaced [[Hassan Al Alfi|General Hassan Al Alfi]] as interior minister following the [[November 1997 Luxor massacre]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60A10FE3F5F0C738EDDA80994DF494D81|title=Shake-Up in Cairo Follows Tourists' Killings|date=20 November 1997|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> Adly was one of the most significant figures who supported [[Hosni Mubarak|Mubarak]] during his reign.<ref name=taha11feb>{{cite news|title=The Rise and fall of Mubarak|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/02/11/the-rise-and-fall-of-mubarak/|accessdateaccess-date=5 March 2013|newspaper=Daily News Egypt|date=11 February 2013|author=Rana Muhammad Taha|author2=Hend Kortam|author3=Nouran El Behairy}}</ref>

Adly served as interior minister in two different cabinets.<ref name=taha11feb/> He was replaced by [[Mahmoud Wagdy]] on 31 January 2011 as part of a cabinet reshuffle aimed at appeasing the mass protests during [[2011 Egyptian revolution]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/01/2011131132324475241.html|title=Mubarak swears in new cabinet|date=31 January 2011|work=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name=sha11feb>{{cite journal|last=Sharp|first=Jeremy M.|title=Egypt: The January 25 Revolution and Implications for U.S. Foreign Policy|journal=CRS Report for Congress|date=11 February 2011|url=https://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/157112.pdf|accessdateaccess-date=5 March 2013}}</ref>

During the uprising, the Egyptian attorney general announced Adly had been given a travel ban.<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201123142759661467.html Egypt bans ex-ministers from travel] ''Al Jazeera''. 3 February 2011</ref> Following Mubarak's resignation, Adly and two other former ministers were arrested on corruption charges.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12500968 Egypt after Mubarak: Three ex-ministers arrested] ''BBC News''. 17 February 2011</ref> His assets were ordered frozen by a court order.<ref>David Finnan: [http://www.english.rfi.fr/africa/20110217-cairo-court-orders-former-interior-minister-adlys-assets-be-seized Cairo court orders former Interior Minister Adly's assets seized] Radio France Internationale 17 February 2011</ref> Adly is estimated to have amassed a fortune of 1.2 billion US dollars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/hosni-mubaraks-estimated-70-billion-fortune-makes-him-richer-than-carlos-slim-and-bill-gates-20110215-1atxm.html|title=Hosni Mubarak's estimated $70 billion fortune makes him richer than Carlos Slim and Bill Gates|date=14 February 2011|website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> He pleaded not guilty to corruption charges on 5 March 2011, answering questions by the judge on whether he had illegally profited from his government position or laundered money by saying "that did not happen."<ref name=nyt>MacFarquhar, Neil. Stack, Liam. [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/world/middleeast/06egypt.html Ex-Security Chief Hauled to Court as Egyptians Storm His Compound] ''The New York Times'', 5 March 2011.</ref> On 5 May 2011, Adly was found guilty of [[fraud]] and [[money laundering]] and sentenced to 12 years in prison.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13292322 Egypt ex-minister Habib al-Adly jailed for 12 years] BBC News. 5 May 2011</ref> In June 2012, Adly, along with deposed president [[Hosni Mubarak]], was found guilty of conspiring to kill protestors during the uprising and was sentenced to life in prison in May 2012.<ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/06/20126211352816938.html Mubarak receives life term for protest deaths] ''Al Jazeera'' 2 June 2012</ref> In March 2013, the conviction for fraud and money laundering was overturned by the [[Judiciary of Egypt#Courts|Court of Cassation]] and a retrial was requested.<ref>{{cite news|title=Graft trial of Mubarak-era interior minister El-Adly adjourned|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/73607/Egypt/Politics-/-Graft-trial-of-Mubarakera-interior-minister-ElAdl.aspx|accessdateaccess-date=24 July 2013|work=Ahram Online|date=10 June 2013}}</ref>