Shirvani Arabic: Difference between revisions

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==History==
Arabic had been spoken in the region since the [[Muslim conquests|Muslim conquest]] of the [[South Caucasus]] at the beginning of the eighth century. It was brought there by Arab settlers consisting mostly of military staff, merchants and craftsmen from [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]], and was used as an official language. It experienced decline after the weakening of the [[Abbasid Caliphate|Caliphate]] in the thirteenth century and was gradually replaced by [[Persian language|Persian]]/[[Tat language (Azerbaijan)|Tat]] and [[Azerbaijani language|AzeriAzerbaijani]]. Groups of Arabs (mostly from [[Yemen]]) continued to immigrate to southern Dagestan influencing the culture and literary traditions of the local population who had already become [[Islamization|Islamized]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Ih6b9iupT6oC&pg=PA89&ots=4zJYgx7ilz&dq=Anna+Zelkina&sig=bJc3Du4qtncsoaY9T2MWkkYK6ag Anna Zelkina. ''The Arabic Linguistic and Cultural Tradition in Dagestan: an Historical Overview'']. ''Arabic as a Minority Language'' by Jonathan Owens (ed.). Walter de Gruyter Publ. Berlin: 2000. {{ISBN|3-11-016578-3}}</ref>
 
The latest documentation of the existence of Shirvani Arabic is attributed to the Azeri historian [[Abbasgulu Bakikhanov]] who mentioned in his 1840 historical work ''Golestan-i Iram'' that "to this day a group of Shirvan Arabs speaks an altered version of Arabic."<ref>[http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus2/Bakihanov/framevved.htm Golestan-i Iram] by [[Abbasgulu Bakikhanov]]. Translated by [[Ziya Bunyadov]]. Baku: 1991, p. 21</ref> Arabic continued to be spoken in Dagestan until the 1920s mostly by upper-class feudals as a second or third language, as well as a language of literature, politics and written communication.<ref>[http://feb-web.ru/feb/ivl/vl6/vl6-4322.htm Literatures of the North Caucasus and Dagestan] by L.G. Golubeva ''et al''.</ref>