Second Arab Spring: Difference between revisions

===Algeria===

{{main|2019–2020 Algerian protests}}

The [[2019 Algerian protests]], also called ''Revolution of Smiles''<ref name="Meddi">{{cite web|author=Adlène Meddi |website=[[Le Point]]|language=fr|title=Algérie, les 4 pièges à éviter pour la "révolution du sourire"|trans-title=Algeria, the 4 traps to avoid for the "smile revolution"|url=https://www.lepoint.fr/monde/algerie-les-4-pieges-a-eviter-pour-la-revolution-du-sourire-15-03-2019-2301261_24.php|date=15 March 2019|access-date=16 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="Sourire">{{cite news|newspaper=HuffPost Maghreb|author=Myriam Belkaïd|title=La révolution du sourire, Acte 1, scène 4|trans-title=The Smile Revolution, Act 1, Scene 4|url=https://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/entry/la-revolution-du-sourire-acte-i-scene-4_mg_5c9097dde4b071a25a861aff|date=19 March 2019|access-date=2 April 2019|language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804171717/https://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/entry/la-revolution-du-sourire-acte-i-scene-4_mg_5c9097dde4b071a25a861aff|archive-date=4 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> or ''Hirak Movement'',<ref>{{cite news|title=26th Friday Protest Marches Reiterate Main Hirak Movement's Demands|url=http://www.aps.dz/en/algeria/30521-26th-friday-protest-marches-reiterate-main-hirak-movement-s-demands|newspaper=[[Algeria Press Service]]|date=16 August 2019|access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref> began on 16 February 2019, ten days after [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] announced his candidacy for a fifth presidential term in a signed statement. These protests, without precedent since the [[Algerian Civil War]], have been peaceful and led the military to insist on Bouteflika's immediate resignation, which took place on 2 April 2019.<ref name="Carnegie_Tlemçani">{{cite journal |last=Tlemçani |first=Rachid |year=2008 |title=Algeria Under Bouteflika: Civil Strife and National Reconciliation |journal=Carnegie Papers |volume=7 |url=http://carnegieendowment.org/files/cmec7_tlemcani_algeria_final.pdf }}</ref> By early May, a significant number of power-brokers close to the deposed administration, including the former president's younger brother [[Saïd Bouteflika|Saïd]], had been arrested.<ref name="DW">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/algeria-said-bouteflika-and-two-spy-chiefs-arrested/a-48604645|title=Algeria: Said Bouteflika and two spy chiefs arrested|publisher=DW|date=4 May 2019|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="awsat">{{Cite web|url=https://aawsat.com/english/home/article/1709101/algeria-military-judge-orders-arrest-bouteflika%E2%80%99s-brother|title=Algeria Military Judge Orders Arrest of Bouteflika's Brother|publisher=Asharq Al-Awsat|date=5 May 2019|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref>