Mohammed bin Salman: Difference between revisions

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==Administration==
PrinceBin MohammedSalman's ideology has been described as [[nationalist]]<ref>{{cite news|date=10 August 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Beating Up on Canada Again: the Canada Letter|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/10/world/canada/beating-up-on-canada-again-the-canada-letter.html|quote=Prince Mohammed is a Saudi nationalist|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812223505/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/10/world/canada/beating-up-on-canada-again-the-canada-letter.html|archive-date=12 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Atlantic]]|title=Saudi Arabia's Dark Nationalism|date=2 June 2018|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/saudi-arabia-nationalism-driving-ban-salman/561845/|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812181840/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/saudi-arabia-nationalism-driving-ban-salman/561845/|archive-date=12 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[populist]],<ref>{{cite news|work=Politico|title=Saudi Arabia's Populist King in Waiting|date=22 September 2017|url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/22/saudi-arabias-populist-king-in-waiting-215857|access-date=23 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124210619/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/22/saudi-arabias-populist-king-in-waiting-215857|archive-date=24 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|work=Financial Times|title=Saudi Arabia's corruption crackdown risks scaring off investors|date=30 January 2018|url=https://www.ft.com/content/300ff524-05a3-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5|quote=MbS, who also controls foreign and defence policy, has combined populism at home with hawkish nationalism abroad|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812213033/https://www.ft.com/content/300ff524-05a3-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5|archive-date=12 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> with a [[conservative]] attitude towards politics, and a [[liberalism|liberal]] stance on economic and social issues.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Times]]|title=Heir's modernising vision risks conservative discontent|date=22 June 2017|quote=Prince Mohammed's vision is conservative in a political sense — he will be an autocratic king — but it is socially more liberal. |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/heir-s-modernising-vision-risks-conservative-discontent-s0cwgjxm9}}</ref><ref name="Winkler_authoritarian">{{cite book|first=Theodor|last=Winkler|title=The Dark Side of Globalization|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|year=2018|page=192|quote=combines a more liberal economic and societal system with reinforced authoritarian rule}}</ref> It has been heavily influenced by the views of his former adviser [[Saud al-Qahtani]]<ref>{{cite news|date=22 October 2018|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-khashoggi-adviser-insight/how-the-man-behind-khashoggi-murder-ran-the-killing-via-skype-idUSKCN1MW2HA|title=How the man behind Khashoggi murder ran the killing via Skype|access-date=10 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126084543/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-khashoggi-adviser-insight/how-the-man-behind-khashoggi-murder-ran-the-killing-via-skype-idUSKCN1MW2HA|archive-date=26 November 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=GQ|title=Spotlight: Inside the stricken court of crown prince Mohammed Bin Salman|date=27 December 2018|url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/crown-prince-mohammed-bin-salman}}</ref> and Abu Dhabi Crown Prince [[Mohammed bin Zayed]].<ref name="Politico">{{cite news|work=Politico|title=Meet the Two Princes Reshaping the Middle East|date=13 June 2017|url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/06/13/saudi-arabia-middle-east-donald-trump-215254|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703050404/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/06/13/saudi-arabia-middle-east-donald-trump-215254|archive-date=3 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Newyorker">{{cite news|work=[[The New Yorker]]|title=A Saudi Prince's Quest to Remake the Middle East|date=9 April 2018|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/09/a-saudi-princes-quest-to-remake-the-middle-east|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023149/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/09/a-saudi-princes-quest-to-remake-the-middle-east|archive-date=9 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> His style of ruling has been described as extremely brutal by journalist [[Rula Jebreal]] and authoritarian by [[Jamal Khashoggi]]<ref name="RulaJebreal_Khashoggi_MBS"/> and Theodor Winkler.<ref name="Winkler_authoritarian"/>
 
On 29 January 2015, Princebin MohammedSalman was named the chair of the newly established [[Council of Economic and Development Affairs (Saudi Arabia)|Council for Economic and Development Affairs]],<ref name="kerr">{{cite news|author=Simeon Kerr|title=Saudi king stamps his authority with staff shake-up and handouts|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/8045e3e0-a850-11e4-bd17-00144feab7de.html|access-date=1 February 2015|work=Financial Times|date=30 January 2015|location=Riyadh|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201101024/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/8045e3e0-a850-11e4-bd17-00144feab7de.html|archive-date=1 February 2015}}</ref> replacing the disbanded [[Supreme Economic Council of Saudi Arabia|Supreme Economic Commission]].<ref name="kerr"/> In April 2015, Prince Mohammed bin Salman was given control over Saudi Aramco by royal decree following his appointment as deputy crown prince.<ref name="businessweek">{{cite news|last1=Waldman|first1=Peter|title=Project to Get Saudi Arabia's Economy Off Oil|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-04-21/the-2-trillion-project-to-get-saudi-arabia-s-economy-off-oil|access-date=17 October 2016|work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015201640/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-04-21/the-2-trillion-project-to-get-saudi-arabia-s-economy-off-oil|archive-date=15 October 2016}}</ref>
 
In December 2017, bin Salman criticised United States' decision to [[United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel|recognise Jerusalem]] as the capital of Israel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Who's Speaking Out Against Trump's Jerusalem Move |url=https://jstreet.org/experts-speak-trumps-jerusalem-move/#.XYFUQmYzWUl |work=J Street |date=12 December 2017}}</ref> In March 2018, he referred to [[Turkey]] as part of a "triangle of evil" alongside [[Iran]] and [[Muslim Brotherhood]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran dismisses Saudi talk of 'triangle of evil' as 'childish'|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html|work=Al-Monitor |date=8 March 2018|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311231041/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="turkeyqatar">{{cite news|title=Saudi prince says Turkey part of 'triangle of evil': Egyptian media|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-turkey/saudi-prince-says-turkey-part-of-triangle-of-evil-egyptian-media-idUSKCN1GJ1WW|agency=[[Reuters]]|date=7 March 2018|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230405/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-turkey/saudi-prince-says-turkey-part-of-triangle-of-evil-egyptian-media-idUSKCN1GJ1WW|archive-date=20 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, he voiced his support for a [[Jewish homeland]] of [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince says Israelis have right to their own land|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-prince-israel/saudi-crown-prince-says-israelis-have-right-to-their-own-land-idUSKCN1H91SQ|access-date=25 June 2018 |agency=[[Reuters]]|date=3 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614021921/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-prince-israel/saudi-crown-prince-says-israelis-have-right-to-their-own-land-idUSKCN1H91SQ|archive-date=14 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> This is the first time that a senior Saudi royal has expressed such sentiments publicly.<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince recognizes Israel's right to exist, talks up future ties|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/saudi-crown-prince-recognizes-israels-right-to-exist-talks-up-future-ties/|access-date=25 June 2018|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625214415/https://www.timesofisrael.com/saudi-crown-prince-recognizes-israels-right-to-exist-talks-up-future-ties/|archive-date=25 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Goldberg|first=Jeffrey|title=Saudi Crown Prince: Iran's Supreme Leader 'Makes Hitler Look Good |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/04/mohammed-bin-salman-iran-israel/557036/|access-date=25 June 2018|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624213648/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/04/mohammed-bin-salman-iran-israel/557036/|archive-date=24 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2019, Mohammedbin Salman condemned Israeli Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]'s plans to annex the eastern portion of the occupied [[West Bank]] known as the [[Jordan Valley]].<ref>{{cite news|title=UN condemns Israeli PM's West Bank annexation plans |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/saudi-arabia-israel-west-bank-jordan-valley-1.5278863|work=[[CBC News]]|date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
In December 2017, he criticised United States' decision to [[United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel|recognise Jerusalem]] as the capital of Israel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Who's Speaking Out Against Trump's Jerusalem Move |url=https://jstreet.org/experts-speak-trumps-jerusalem-move/#.XYFUQmYzWUl |work=J Street |date=12 December 2017}}</ref>
 
In March 2018, he referred to [[Turkey]] as part of a "triangle of evil" alongside [[Iran]] and [[Muslim Brotherhood]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran dismisses Saudi talk of 'triangle of evil' as 'childish'|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html|work=Al-Monitor |date=8 March 2018|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311231041/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="turkeyqatar">{{cite news|title=Saudi prince says Turkey part of 'triangle of evil': Egyptian media|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-turkey/saudi-prince-says-turkey-part-of-triangle-of-evil-egyptian-media-idUSKCN1GJ1WW|agency=[[Reuters]]|date=7 March 2018|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230405/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-turkey/saudi-prince-says-turkey-part-of-triangle-of-evil-egyptian-media-idUSKCN1GJ1WW|archive-date=20 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
In 2018, he voiced his support for a [[Jewish homeland]] of [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince says Israelis have right to their own land|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-prince-israel/saudi-crown-prince-says-israelis-have-right-to-their-own-land-idUSKCN1H91SQ|access-date=25 June 2018 |agency=[[Reuters]]|date=3 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614021921/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-prince-israel/saudi-crown-prince-says-israelis-have-right-to-their-own-land-idUSKCN1H91SQ|archive-date=14 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> This is the first time that a senior Saudi royal has expressed such sentiments publicly.<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince recognizes Israel's right to exist, talks up future ties|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/saudi-crown-prince-recognizes-israels-right-to-exist-talks-up-future-ties/|access-date=25 June 2018|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625214415/https://www.timesofisrael.com/saudi-crown-prince-recognizes-israels-right-to-exist-talks-up-future-ties/|archive-date=25 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Goldberg|first=Jeffrey|title=Saudi Crown Prince: Iran's Supreme Leader 'Makes Hitler Look Good |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/04/mohammed-bin-salman-iran-israel/557036/|access-date=25 June 2018|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624213648/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/04/mohammed-bin-salman-iran-israel/557036/|archive-date=24 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2019, Mohammed condemned Israeli Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]'s plans to annex the eastern portion of the occupied [[West Bank]] known as the [[Jordan Valley]].<ref>{{cite news|title=UN condemns Israeli PM's West Bank annexation plans |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/saudi-arabia-israel-west-bank-jordan-valley-1.5278863|work=[[CBC News]]|date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
 
=== Vision 2030 ===