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[[File:Egypt population pyramid 2005.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of [[Egypt]] in 2005. Many of those 30 and younger are educated citizens who are experiencing difficulty finding work.]]
According to the ''Encyclopedia of International Development'', the term '''demographic trap''' is used by [[demographer]]s "to describe the combination of high [[fertility rate|fertility]] (birth rates) and declining [[mortality rate|mortality]] (death rates) in developing countries, resulting in a period of high [[population growth rate]] (PGR)."<ref name=Forsyth>Forsyth, Tim. ''Encyclopedia of International Development'', Routledge (2005) p. 145</ref> High fertility combined with declining mortality happens when a [[developing country]] moves through the [[demographic transition]] of becoming developed.
During [[Demographic transition#Stage Two|"stage 2" of the demographic transition]], quality of health care improves and death rates fall, but birth rates still remain high, resulting in a period of high [[population growth]].<ref name=Forsyth>Forsyth, Tim. ''Encyclopedia of International Development'', Routledge (2005) p. 145</ref> The term "'''demographic trap'''" is used by some [[demographer]]s to describe a situation where stage 2 persists because "falling living standards reinforce the prevailing high fertility, which in turn reinforces the decline in living standards."<ref name=Kaufman>Kaufman, Donald G. ''Biosphere 2000: Protecting Our Global Environment'', Kendall Hunt (2000) p. 157</ref> This results in more poverty, where people rely on more children to provide them with economic security. Social scientist John Avery explains that this results because the high birth rates and low death rates "lead to population growth so rapid that the development that could have slowed population is impossible."<ref name=Avery>Avery, John. ''Progress, Poverty, and Population'', Frank Cass Publishers (1997) p. 107</ref>
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