Religion in Nigeria: Difference between revisions

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{{Culture of Nigeria}}
|title=Religions in Nigeria<ref name="cia-rel">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html#ni|title=Religions|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|date=|accessdate=2013-07-01}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1='''Religions'''
|right1='''Percent'''
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{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|50.0}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|blue|40.0}}
{{bar percent|Traditional beliefs|orange|10.0}}
}}{{Culture of Nigeria}}
There exist several '''religions in Nigeria''', helping to accentuate regional and ethnic distinctions. All [[religions]] represented in [[Nigeria]] were practiced in every major city in 1990. However, [[Islam]] dominated the north and had a number of supporters in the South Western, [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] part of the country. Nigeria has the largest Muslim population in sub-Saharan Africa. [[Protestantism]] and local [[Syncretism|syncretic]] [[Christianity]] are also in evidence in Yoruba areas, while [[Catholicism]] dominates the [[Igbo people|Igbo]] and closely related areas. Both Protestantism and Catholicism dominated in the [[Ibibio people|Ibibio]], [[Annang]], and the [[Efik people|Efik]] kiosa lands.
 
The 1963 census although controversial, indicated that 47 percent of Nigerians were Muslim, 35 percent Christian, and 18 percent members of local indigenous congregations. If accurate, this indicated a sharp increase since 1953 in the number of Christians (up 13 percent); a slight decline among those professing indigenous beliefs, compared with 20 percent; and only a modest (4 percent) rise of Muslims.
 
There are many types of Muslims, but the majority of Nigerian Muslims are [[Sunni]], most of whom are [[Maliki]], but also [[Shafi'i]] or [[Salafi]]. But a significant [[Shia]] and [[Sufi]] minority exists (''see [[Shia in Nigeria]]''). Most Sufis follow the [[Qadiriyya]], [[Tijaniyyah]] and/or the [[Mouride]] movement. Some Muslims have incorporated radical and [[takfiri]] ideals, in particular the [[Vanguard for the Protection of Muslims in Black Lands]]. Some northern states have incorporated [[Sharia]] law into their previously secular legal systems, which has brought about some controversy.<ref name=tiptoe>''Owobi Angrew, Tiptoeing Through A Constitutional Minefield: The Great Sharia Controversy in Nigeria, ''[[Journal of African Law]]'', Vol 48, No 2, 2002.''</ref> [[Kano State]] has sought to incorporate Sharia law into its constitution.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Kano Seeks Supremacy of Sharia Over Constitution
| publisher = wwrn.org
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From the 1990s to the 2000s, there has been significant growth in Protestant Churches including the [[Redeemed Christian Church of God]], [[Winners' Chapel]], [[Christ Apostolic Church]] (the first Aladura Movement in Nigeria), [[Deeper Christian Life Ministry]], [[Evangelical Church of West Africa]], [[Mountain of Fire and Miracles]], Christ Embassy, The Synagogue Church Of All Nations, [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Nigeria|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] and the [[Aladura Church]], indigenous Christian churches especially strong in the Yoruba and Igbo areas, and of [[Protestantism|evangelical]] churches in general. These churches have spilled over into adjacent and southern areas of the middle belt. Denominations like the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church in Nigeria|Seventh-day Adventist]] and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have also flourished.<ref>http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0048-721X%2888%2980017-4?journalCode=rrel20</ref><ref>http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1581109?uid=3738032&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101850225073</ref>
According to arecent 2001's report<ref>[http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2001/5687.htm 2001 Report on International Religious Freedom - Nigeria]</ref> of [[The World Factbook]] by [[CIA]]estimates, about 50% of Nigeria's population is [[Muslim]], 40% are [[Christians]] and 10% adhere to local religions.<ref name="cia-rel"/>{{cite webAmong Christians, 24.8% are [[Catholicism|urlCatholic]], 74.1% are [[Protestantism|Protestant]], 0.9% belong to other Christian denominations and a few of them are Orthodox Christians.<ref name=https"features.pewforum.org">http://wwwfeatures.ciapewforum.govorg/libraryglobal-christianity/publications/thepopulation-world-factbook/fields/2122number.html#ni|title=Religions|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|date=|accessdate=2013-07-01}}php</ref>
 
But in some recent report, the Christian population is now sightly larger than the Muslim population. A 18 December 2012 report on religion and public life by the [[Pew Research Center]] stated that in 2010, 49.3&nbsp;percent of Nigeria's population was Christian, 48.8&nbsp;percent was Muslim, and 1.9&nbsp;percent were followers of indigenous and other religions, or unaffiliated<ref>[http://features.pewforum.org/grl/population-percentage.php Pew Forum on Religion]</ref>. While the 2010's census of [[Association of Religion Data Archives]] has also reported that 46.5&nbsp;percent of the total population is Christian, slighetly bigger than the Muslim population with 45.5&nbsp;percent, and 7.7&nbsp;percent are members of other religious groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_166_2.asp|title=Religious Adherents, 2010 - Nigeria|publisher=World Christian Database|accessdate=28 July 2013}}</ref>
 
In addition, according to the 2011 report of Regional Distribution of Christians by [[Pew Research Center]], the Christian population in Nigeria was increased to 50.8%<ref>[http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/global-christianity-regions/ Regional Distribution of Christians]</ref> and Muslim population in Nigeria remains 48.8%<ref>[http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-muslim/Regional Distribution of Christians]</ref>. But it also preddicted by 2030, Nigeria is expected to have a slight Muslim majority (51.5%).<ref>[http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/ The Future of the Global Muslim Population]</ref>
 
Among Christians, 24.8% are [[Catholicism|Catholic]], 74.1% are [[Protestantism|Protestant]], 0.9% belong to other Christian denominations and a few of them are Orthodox Christians.<ref name="features.pewforum.org">http://features.pewforum.org/global-christianity/population-number.php</ref>
In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups religious affiliations, the [[Hausa people|Hausa]] ethnic group in the North is 95% Muslims and 5% Christians, the West which is the [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] tribe is 35% Christians and 55% Muslim with 10% going to adherents of other African religions while the [[Igbos]] in the East and the [[Ijaw people|Ijaw]] in the South are 98% Christians (Catholics) and 2% practice traditional religions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http:// http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/columnist/thursday/jide-osuntokun/46858-nigeria-a-secular-or-multi-religious-state-2.html}}</ref> The [[Middle Belt|middle belt]] of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria and they are mostly Christians and members of traditional religions with few Muslim converts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasarawastate.org/newsday/news/culture/11129114540.html |title=The Middle Belt: History and politics |publisher=Nasarawastate.org |date=2004-11-29 |accessdate=2012-03-13}}</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/bps/additionalcontent/18/26525030/The-Middle-Belt-Movement-and-the-Formation-of-Christian-Consciousness-in-Colonial-Northern-Nigeria</ref>
 
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[[File:National christian centre1.jpg|thumb|250px|The [[National Church of Nigeria]]]]
 
[[Christianity]] is one of the three main religions in [[Nigeria]], according to a recent report conducted in 2011estimates, nearly 5040% of Nigerians are [[Christians]].<ref name="cia-rel"/> Among Christians, 24.8% are [[Catholicism|Catholic]], 74.1% are [[Protestantism|Protestant]], 0.9% belong to other Christian denominations and a few of them are Orthodox Christians.<ref name="features.pewforum.org"/> 0f Nigerian population is Christian
The ecclesiastical provinces of the [[Church of Nigeria]] are:
Lagos, Ibadan, Ondo, Bendel, The Niger, Niger Delta, Owerri, Abuja, Kaduna and Jos.<ref name="Site of the Church of Nigeria">{{cite web | author= | year=| title=Site of the Church of Nigeria | work= | url=http://www.anglican-nig.org/main.php?k_j=24 }}</ref> Its primate is [[Nicholas Okoh]].<ref name="Site of the Church of Nigeria"/>