General People's Congress (Yemen): Difference between revisions

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| foundation = 24 August 1982
| headquarters = [[Sana'a]], [[Yemen]]
| ideology = [[Yemen]]i [[nationalism]]<br />[[Arab nationalism]]<br />[[Big tent]]<ref name="Yemen Dict 134">{{cite book |last=Burrowes |first=Robert D. |date= |title=Historical Dictionary of Yemen |url= |location= |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn= |accessdate= |year=2010 |page=134}}</ref>
| position = [[Centrism|Centre]]<ref name="Yemen Dict 111">Burrowes, p111</ref>
| international = ''None''
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==History==
The party was established on 24 August 1982 in [[Sana'a]], [[North Yemen]], by President [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]],<ref name=herzan2003/><ref name="leader dies"/> becoming an umbrella organisation that sought to represent all political interests.<ref name=FT>Frank Tachau (1994) ''Political parties of the Middle East and North Africa'', Greenwood Press, p633</ref> Following [[Yemeni unification]] in 1990, and with Saleh continuing as president of the united country, it emerged as the largest party in the [[1993 Yemeni parliamentary election, 1993|1993 parliamentary elections]], winning 123 of the 301 seats.<ref name=herzan2003>{{cite book|last=Al Yemeni|first=Ahmed A. Hezam|title=The Dynamic of Democratisation – Political Parties in Yemen|year=2003|publisher=Toennes Satz + Druck GmbH|isbn=3-89892-159-X|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/01459.pdf}}</ref> It went on to win a majority (187) of seats in the [[1997 Yemeni parliamentary election, 1997|1997 elections]] amidst a boycott by the [[Yemeni Socialist Party]].
 
Saleh was re-elected as President in the first direct [[1999 Yemeni presidential election, 1999|presidential elections]] in 1999, and the party won a landslide victory in the [[2003 Yemeni parliamentary election, 2003|2003 parliamentary elections]], winning 226 of the 301 seats. Following the elections, several independent MPs also joined the party. Saleh was re-elected again in [[2006 Yemeni presidential election, 2006|2006]]. After he was forced to stand down as a result of the [[Yemeni Revolution]], the party's [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]] was [[2012 Yemeni presidential election, 2012|elected]] as his successor. Saleh attempted to regain power over the country and the GPC in the following [[Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|civil war]]. Rallying a large part of the GPC in 2015, he sided with the [[Houthis]] and effectively split the party into a pro-Hadi and Saleh faction.<ref name="leader dies"/>
 
The two factions were at war with each other until Saleh attempted to overthrow the Houthis. This power grab failed, however, and the former president as well as party secretary general Aref al-Zouka were killed in the [[Battle of Sanaʽa (2017)|Battle of Sana'a]] of late 2017. Following Ali Abdullah Saleh's death, the GPC fractured further, with a large part of the former Saleh followers pledging allegiance to the Houthis. This pro-Houthi part of the GPC continued to support the rebel government in Sana'a, and elected [[Sadeq Ameen Abu Rass]] as new GPC chairman. One member of the pro-Houthi faction explained that "Ali Abdullah Saleh was killed by the Houthis. If we follow his direction and resist the Houthis, we will meet the same end as Saleh. So we prefer to support the strongest force on the ground."<ref name="leader dies"/>
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!Result
|-
|[[1999 Yemeni presidential election, 1999|1999]]
|[[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]
|3,584,399
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|'''Elected''' {{Y}}
|-
|[[2006 Yemeni presidential election, 2006|2006]]
|[[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]
|4,149,673
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|'''Elected''' {{Y}}
|-
|[[2012 Yemeni presidential election, 2012|2012]]
|[[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]]
|6,621,921
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!+/–
|-
|[[1993 Yemeni parliamentary election, 1993|1993]]
|[[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]
|640,523
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|{{increase}} 123
|-
|[[1997 Yemeni parliamentary election, 1997|1997]]
|[[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]
|1,175,343
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|{{increase}} 64
|-
|[[2003 Yemeni parliamentary election, 2003|2003]]
|[[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]
|3,429,888