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'''Dr. Saif al-Islam Gaddafi''' ({{lang-ar|سيف الإسلام معمر القذافي}}; born 25 June 1972) is a [[Libya]]n political figure. He is the second son of the former Libyan leader [[Muammar Gaddafi]] and his second wife [[Safia Farkash]]. He was a part of his father's inner circle, performing public relations and diplomatic roles on his behalf.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/02/2011227192852808945.html|title=Inside Gaddafi's inner circle|work=Al Jazeera |date=27 February 2011|accessdate=20 June 2011}}</ref> He publicly turned down his father's offer of the country's second highest post and held no official government position. According to [[United States Department of State|American State Department]] officials in Tripoli, during his father's reign, he was the second most widely recognized person in Libya, being at times the "de facto" Prime Minister,<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/11/28/world/20101128-cables-viewer.html#report/libya-09TRIPOLI208|work=New York Times|first1=Alan|last1=McLean|first2=Scott|last2=Shane|first3=Archie|last3=Tse|title=A Selection From the Cache of Diplomatic Dispatches|date=28 November 2010}}</ref> and was mentioned as a possible successor, though he rejected this.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Politics of Blackmail|date=13 September 2008|work=Newsweek|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/40280/output/print|access-date=9 August 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519043522/http://www.newsweek.com/id/40280/output/print|archive-date=19 May 2009}}</ref> An arrest warrant was issued for him on 27 June 2011 by the [[International Criminal Court investigation in Libya|International Criminal Court]] (ICC) for charges of [[crimes against humanity]] against the Libyan people, for killing and persecuting civilians,<ref>{{cite news|title=War crimes court issues Gaddafi arrest warrant|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jun/27/muammar-gaddafi-arrest-warrant-hague|newspaper=The Guardian|date=27 June 2011|last1=Black|first1=Ian|last2=Smith|first2=David}}</ref> under Articles 7(1)(a) and 7(1)(h) of the [[:wikisource:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court#Article 7: Crimes against humanity|Rome statute]].<ref name="Saif_arrest_warrant" /> He denied the charges.<ref name="rt_interview">{{cite news|title=Gaddafi's son: Libya like McDonald's for NATO – fast war as fast food|url=http://rt.com/news/interview-gaddafi-libya-usa/|accessdate=25 October 2011|date=1 July 2011|agency=[[Russia Today]]}}</ref>
Gaddafi was captured in southern Libya by the [[Zintan]] militia on 19 November 2011, after the end of the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|Libyan Civil War]], and flown by plane to Zintan. He was sentenced to death on 28 July 2015 by a court in Tripoli for crimes during the civil war, in a widely criticised trial conducted ''[[Trial in absentia|in absentia]]''. He remained in the custody of the ''de facto'' independent authorities of Zintan.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-33688391 |title=Libya trial: Gaddafi son sentenced to death over war crimes |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=28 July 2015 |website=BBC |publisher=BBC |access-date=28 July 2015 |quote=}}</ref> On 10 June 2017, he was released from prison in Zintan, according to a statement from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq Battalion.<ref name="Al Jazeera">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/saif-al-islam-gaddafi-freed-prison-zintan-170610190700610.html|title=Saif al-Islam Gaddafi freed from prison in Zintan|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=11 June 2017}}</ref> Later the same month, his full amnesty was declared by the Tobruk-based government led by [[Khalifa Haftar]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Xypolia|first1=Ilia|title=News of Saif al-Islam's release: regional politics fuels rumour mill in Libya|url=http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/news-of-saif-al-islams-release-regional-politics-fuels-rumour-mill-in-libya-20170703|website=News24|accessdate=3 July 2017|date=3 July 2017}}</ref> {{As of|2019|
==Education and career==
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