Arab Spring: Difference between revisions

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Hosni Mubarak and his former interior minister [[Habib el-Adly]] were sentenced to life in prison on the basis of their failure to stop the killings during the first six days of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.<ref name="New Turmoil in Egypt Greets Mixed Verdict for Mubarak" /> His successor, [[Mohamed Morsi]], was sworn in as Egypt's first democratically elected president before judges at the [[Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt)|Supreme Constitutional Court]].<ref name="New president: Egypt turns page to new era" /> [[2012–13 Egyptian protests|Fresh protests]] erupted in Egypt on 22 November 2012. On 3 July 2013, the military [[2013 Egyptian coup d'état|overthrew the replacement government]] and President Morsi was removed from power.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mohamed Morsi ousted in Egypt's second revolution in two years|author1=Kingsley, P.|author2=Chulov, M.|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/03/mohamed-morsi-egypt-second-revolution|newspaper=The Guardian|date=3 July 2013|access-date=3 July 2013|location=London|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730110206/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/03/mohamed-morsi-egypt-second-revolution|archivedate=30 July 2013}}</ref>
 
The aftermath of the uprising that took place in Egypt was deemed to turn out successfully. However, a December 2020 report published by PRI’s ''[[The World (radio program)|The World]]'', a US-based public radio news magazine, the Egyptian government increased its executions by more than twofold. As a result, the government put to death approximately 60 people. This included human rights activists of the [[Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights]] (EIPR), who were arrested in November 2020. The executive director of the Project on Middle East Democracy, Stephen McInerney cited that a majority of pro-democracy activists have escaped Egypt and those who couldn’t have gone in hiding. The Project on Middle East Democracy mentioned using encrypted communication channels to talk to the activists, concerning the protection of their whereabouts. Western countries have overlooked these issues including, the [[United States]], [[France]], and several other European countries. According to the founder of [[Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy]] in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], even after 10 years of the Arab spring, the country is at its lowest.<ref>{{cite_webcite web|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-12-17/10-years-after-arab-uprisings-egypt-lowest-point-human-rights|title=10 years after the Arab uprisings, Egypt at ‘lowest'lowest point’point' for human rights|accessdate=17 December 2020|website=PRI The World}}</ref>
 
=== Libya (2011) ===