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Participatory design has many applications in development and changes to the [[built environment]]. It has particular currency to planners and [[architects]], in relation to [[placemaking]] and [[community]] [[urban regeneration company|regeneration]] projects. It potentially offers a far more [[democracy|democratic]] approach to the design process as it involves more than one [[stakeholder (corporate)|stakeholder]]. By incorporating a variety of views there is greater opportunity for successful outcomes. Many universities and major institutions are beginning to recognise its importance. The [[UN]], Global studio involved students from [[Columbia University]], [[University of Sydney]] and [[Sapienza University of Rome]] to provide design solutions for [[Vancouver]]'s downtown eastside, which suffered from drug- and alcohol-related problems. The process allowed cross-discipline participation from planners, architects and industrial designers, which focused on collaboration and the sharing of ideas and stories, as opposed to rigid and singular design outcomes. (Kuiper, 2007, p. 52)
[[Public interest design|Public Interest Design]] is a design movement, extending to architecture, with the main aim of structuring design around the needs of the community. At the core of its application is participatory design.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirzaean Mahabadi, Zabihi, Majedi |first1=Shahab, Hossein, Hamid |title=Participatory Design; A New Approach to Regenerate the Public Space |url=http://ijaud.srbiau.ac.ir/article_8339_47703dce2ed5f9ebcac51ce275b56d74.pdf |publisher=International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development |accessdateaccess-date=30 December 2018}}</ref> Through allowing individuals to have a say in the process of design of their own surrounding built environment, design can become proactive and tailored towards addressing wider social issues facing that community.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Feldman, Palleroni, Perkes, Bell |first1=Robert M, Sergio, David, Bryan |title=Wisdom From the Field: Public Interest Architecture In Practice |url=https://www.publicinterestdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Wisdom-from-the-Field.pdf |accessdateaccess-date=30 December 2018}}</ref> [[Public interest design]] is meant to reshape conventional modern architectural practice. Instead of having each construction project solely meet the needs of the individual, [[public interest design]] addresses wider social issues at their core. This shift in architectural practice is a structural and systemic one, allowing design to serve communities responsibly.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Feldman, Palleroni, Perkes, Bell |first1=Robert M, Sergio, David, Bryan |title=Wisdom From the Field: Public Interest Architecture In Practice |url=https://www.publicinterestdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Wisdom-from-the-Field.pdf |accessdateaccess-date=30 December 2018}}</ref> Solutions to social issues can be addressed in a long-term manner through such design, serving the public, and involving it directly in the process through participatory design. The built environment can become the very reason for social and community issues to arise if not executed properly and responsibly. Conventional architectural practice often does cause such problems since only the paying client has a say in the design process.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Feldman, Palleroni, Perkes, Bell |first1=Robert M, Sergio, David, Bryan |title=Wisdom From the Field: Public Interest Architecture In Practice |url=https://www.publicinterestdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Wisdom-from-the-Field.pdf |accessdateaccess-date=30 December 2018}}</ref> That is why many architects throughout the world are employing participatory design and practicing their profession more responsibly, encouraging a wider shift in architectural practice. Several architects have largely succeeded in disproving theories that deem [[public interest design]] and participatory design financially and organizationally not feasible. Their work is setting the stage for the expansion of this movement, providing valuable data on its effectiveness and the ways in which it can be carried out.
==From community consultation to community design==
Many [[local governments]] require community consultation in any major changes to the built environment. Community involvement in the planning process is almost a standard requirement in most strategic changes. Community involvement in local decision making creates a sense of empowerment. The [[City of Melbourne]] [[Swanston Street]] redevelopment project received over 5000 responses from the public allowing them to participate in the design process by commenting on seven different design options.<ref>The City of Melbourne {{cite web |url=http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=192&pa=1323&pg=4460 |title=Archived copy |accessdateaccess-date=2008-10-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507134929/http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=192&pa=1323&pg=4460 |archive-date=2009-05-07 }} ''Have Your Say'' May 14, 2009</ref> While the [[City of Yarra]] recently held a 'Stories in the Street'<ref>Andrea Cook [https://web.archive.org/web/20090731152805/http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/Consultation/pdf/Stories%20in%20the%20Street%20Publicity%20Files.pdf] ''Stories in the Street'' May 14, 2009</ref> consultation, to record peoples ideas about the future of Smith Street. It offered participants a variety of mediums to explore their opinions such as mapping, photo surveys and storytelling. Although local councils are taking positive steps towards participatory design as opposed to traditional top down approaches to planning, many communities are moving to take design into their own hands.
[[Portland, Oregon]] [[City Repair Project]]<ref>City Repair {{cite web |url=http://cityrepair.org/about/ |title=Archived copy |accessdateaccess-date=2008-10-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100514234908/http://cityrepair.org/about/ |archive-date=2010-05-14 }} "What is City repair" May 13, 2009</ref> is a form of participatory design, which involves the community co-designing problem areas together to make positive changes to their environment. It involves collaborative decision-making and design without traditional involvement from local government or professionals but instead runs on volunteers from the community. The process has created successful projects such as intersection repair,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.streetfilms.org/archives/intersection-repair/|title=Intersection repair|author=Clarence Eckerson Jr|date=2007-05-31|publisher=[[Streetfilms]]}}</ref> which saw a misused intersection develop into a successful community square.
[[P2P Urbanism|Peer-to-peer urbanism]]<ref>[http://zeta.math.utsa.edu/%7eyxk833/P2PURBANISM.pdf "P2P Urbanism", collection of articles]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://p2pfoundation.net/P2P_Urbanism | title=P2P Urbanism | publisher=[[P2P Foundation]] | work=wiki | accessdateaccess-date=July 3, 2015}}</ref> is a form of decentralized, participatory design for urban environments and individual buildings. It borrows organizational ideas from the [[open-source software movement]], so that knowledge about construction methods and [[urban design]] schemes is freely exchanged.
===In software development===
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