The spelmanslag (Swedish: [ˈspêːlmansˌlɑːɡ]) is an amateur organization of Swedish folk musicians, usually dominated by fiddles, who play tunes together. Often these groups play tunes from the specific area of Sweden with which they are affiliated. The term has also the same meaning for Norwegian folk music. Spelmanslag meetings tend to serve social function as much as they do musical ones; and money from paid performances generally goes to the group, rather than its constituent individuals.[1]
History edit
The first Swedish spelmanslag was Dalaföreningens spelmanslag, formed in 1940 by folk musicians from Dalarna who at the time were living in Stockholm. Over the course of the 1940s, the phenomenon spread throughout the province of Dalarna, and in the 1950s it became a national trend.[2]
The spelmanslag movement saw new life beginning in 2003, with the establishment of the annual student spelmanslag world championships (studentspelmanslag-VM) at the Linköping Folk Festival. A number of student spelmanslag have been formed in order to compete—in 2003, there were four competing teams; by 2007 the number had risen to fifteen.[3] These student groups tend to be characterized by high-energy playing, and generally do not limit themselves to tunes from one particular region within Sweden.
Sound edit
The spelmanslag has a characteristic "wall of sound," produced by a large number of musicians playing a melody, with one or a small number of others producing a secondary harmony part, usually based in thirds and sixths. Most spelmanslag are dominated by fiddles, though some are dedicated primarily to the nyckelharpa. Often (but not always), the spelmanslag will also have one or more instruments that support the melody with chord progressions, such as cittra (zither), accordion, bass, and/or guitar.
See also edit
- Spelman (music)
- Swedish folk music
- Riksspelman
- Spelemann - player of Norwegian folk music
- Spelemannslag - organization of Norwegian folk musicians
Notes edit
- ^ Kaminsky 2005:371-372.
- ^ "Men under 1940-talet slår spelmanslagen igenom. Den tändande gnistan var Dalaföreningens spelmanslag, en sammanslutning av dalkarlar i exil i Stockholm.... Initiativet sprids till hemlandskapet och 1940 bildas Leksands spelmanslag, följt av Rättvik 1944 och Transtrand 1945. Men den stora lagverksamheten kommer först i början av nästa decennium och då har också övriga landet börjat ta efter [But during the 1940s the spelmanslag breaks through. The spark was Dalaföreningens spelmanslag, a coming together of men from Dalarna in exile in Stockholm.... The initiative spreads to the home province, and in 1940 Leksand’s spelmanslag is formed, followed by Rättvik in 1944 and Transtrand in 1945. But the large-scale spelmanslag project doesn't come until the beginning of the next decade, and at that point the rest of the country has also begun to follow suit]" (Roempke 1980:280-281).
- ^ Studentspelmanslags-VM homepage
References edit
- Kaminsky, David (2005). "Hidden Traditions: Conceptualizing Swedish Folk Music in the Twenty-First Century." Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University.
- Roempke, Ville (1980). "'Ett nyår för svensk folkmusik:' Om spelmansrörelsen." In Folkmusikboken, edited by Jan Ling, et al., 263-296. Stockholm: Prisma.