The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Leiden, Netherlands.
Prior to 20th century edit
- 11th C. - Burcht van Leiden (an old shell keep).[1]
- 1323 - School active (approximate date).
- 1377 - Hooglandse Kerk (church) construction begins.[1]
- 1390
- Public clock installed (approximate date).[2]
- Pieterskerk (church) construction begins.[1]
- 1420 - Leiden#Siege of 1420 Siege of 1420.
- 1483 - Printing press in operation.[3]
- 1520 - Roman ruin Brittenburg discovered near Leiden.[1]
- 1566 - August: Iconoclasm by Protestants.[4]
- 1572 - Protestant sermonizing begins at the Vrouwekerk.[4]
- 1573 - Siege of Leiden by Spanish forces begins.[1]
- 1574 - 3 October: Siege of Leiden ends.[5]
- 1575
- Leiden University founded.[6]
- Leiden University Library founded.
- 1577 - Flemish textile manufacturers move to Leiden.[7]
- 1578 - Gemeenlandshuis van Rijnland (water management building) purchased.[1]
- 1580s - "Immigration of Flemings, Walloons, and Brabanters" to Leiden.[7]
- 1580 - Printer Elsevier in business.[8]
- 1581 - Academy Building, Leiden in use.
- 1587 - Hortus Botanicus Leiden (garden) founded.[9]
- 1594
- Leiden anatomical theatre established.
- Turkish tulips planted in the Hortus Botanicus.[10]
- 1598 - Leiden Town Hall built.[11]
- 1600 - Latin School, Leiden built.[1]
- 1606 - 15 July: Birth of Rembrandt van Rijn.
- 1612 - Stads Timmerhuis built.[1]
- 1622 - Population: 44,745.[4]
- 1630s - Fijnschilders (artists) active.[12]
- 1633 - Leiden Observatory established.
- 1639 - Marekerk (a Protestant church) founded.
- 1640 - Population: 100,000. (estimate) [1]
- 1641 - Laecken-Halle (cloth hall) built.[13]
- 1648 - Leiden Guild of Saint Luke established.[14]
- 1655 - Bibliotheca Thysiana (library) established.[1]
- 1658 - Weigh House built.[1]
- 1683 - Luchtmans bookseller in business.[15]
- 1723 - Synagogue, Leiden established.[16]
- 1745 - Electricity-storing "Leyden jar" invented.
- 1766 - Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde[1] and Kunst Wordt door Arbeid Verkreegen literary societies formed.[17]
- 1800 - Population: 30,000. (estimate) [1]
- 1807 - 12 January: Leiden Gunpowder Disaster.[1]
- 1818 - National Museum of Antiquities established.
- 1820 - National Museum of Natural History founded.
- 1837 - National Museum of Ethnology founded.[18]
- 1838 - Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden (school) active.
- 1842 - Leiden Centraal railway station opened.
- 1848 - E. J. Brill publisher in business.[15]
- 1851 - Sijthoff publisher in business.
- 1860 - Leiden Observatory re-built in the Hortus Botanicus Leiden.[1]
- 1864 - Training college for Dutch East Indies civil servants established (later the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies).[19]
- 1873 - Remonstrant seminary active.[1]
- 1874 - Municipal Museum of Antiquities established.[13][18]
- 1893 - Gemeentearchief Leiden (city archive) building constructed.
20th century edit
- 1904
- Leiden Yearbook begins publication.
- Population: 56,044.[1]
- 1919 - Population: 61,408.[20]
- 1923 - Jan van Houtbrug (bridge) built.[21]
- 1925 - St. Joseph, Leiden (Roman Catholic parish church) built.
- 1928 - University Hospital built.
- 1931
- Leidse Hout (public urban park) opened.
- Museum Boerhaave established.
- 1940 - Town Hall rebuilt.[citation needed]
- 1946 - François Henri van Kinschot becomes mayor.
- 1978 - 1978 Tour de France cycling race starts from Leiden.
- 1980
- Cees Goekoop becomes mayor.
- Population: 103,046 municipality.[22]
- 1984 - Leiden Bio Science Park development begins.[23]
21st century edit
- 2003 - Henri Lenferink becomes mayor.
- 2006 - Leiden University Medical Center built.
- 2012 - Theater Ins Blau built.
- 2013
- Welch Allyn branch office in business.[24]
- Population: 119,800 municipality.[22]
- 2017 - Asian Library opened by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.
See also edit
- Leiden history
- History of Leiden
- List of mayors of Leiden
- List of rijksmonuments in Leiden
- Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Utrecht
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Britannica 1910.
- ^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
- ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Holland: Leiden". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ a b c Kooi 2000.
- ^ "Timeline Dutch History". Rijksmuseum. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
- ^ a b Lament 1981.
- ^ Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
- ^ "Garden Search: Netherlands". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ "Unmistakably Dutch", New York Times, 30 July 2000
- ^ Murray 1881.
- ^ "Low Countries, 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Leiden Cloth". Leiden: Museum De Lakenhal. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ Maarten Prak (2008). "Painters, guilds and the art market during the Dutch Golden Age". In S. R. Epstein; Maarten Prak (eds.). Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-47107-7.
- ^ a b Cornelis Dirk Andriesse (2008). Dutch Messengers: A History of Science Publishing, 1930-1980. Brill. ISBN 978-90-474-2415-4.
- ^ "Leiden". Four hundred years of Dutch Jewry. Amsterdam: Joods Historisch Museum. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ a b "Departement van Binnenlandsche Zaken: Kunsten en wetenschappen (Department of Interior: Arts and Sciences)", Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden 1885 [State Year Book for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (in Dutch), Utrecht: Broese, 1884
- ^ Fasseur 1989.
- ^ "Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ "Bruggen database: Zuid-Holland: Leiden" [Database of Bridges] (in Dutch). Rijswijk: Nederlandse Bruggenstichting. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region: Municipality Leiden". StatLine. Statistics Netherlands. 2014.
- ^ Marina Van Geenhuizen; Peter Nijkamp, eds. (2012). Creative Knowledge Cities: Myths, Visions and Realities. Edward Elgar. ISBN 978-0-85793-285-3.
- ^ Welch Allyn Establishes New Regional Headquarters, Operations Center in The Netherlands, Reuters, 6 November 2013[dead link]
This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
in English edit
Published in the 18th-19th c.
- Thomas Nugent (1749), "Leyden", The Grand Tour, vol. 1: Netherlands, London: S. Birt, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030762598
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Leyden", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068382327
- "Leyden". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822. hdl:2027/njp.32101073846667.
- William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Leyden". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
- B.B. Woodward; William L.R. Cates (1872). "Leyden". Encyclopaedia of Chronology. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
- "Leyden", Guide to the North of France, ... Belgium and Holland, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1876 – via Internet Archive
- "Leiden", Handbook for Travellers in Holland and Belgium (20th ed.), London: John Murray, 1881, hdl:2027/hvd.hn2ha2 (+ 1851 ed.)
Published in the 20th-21st c.
- "Leyden". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7zk5ms79.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Leyden", Belgium and Holland (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759 (+ 1881 ed.)
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 395.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Leyden", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
- Sterling A. Lament (1981). "The Vroedschap of Leiden 1550-1600: The Impact of Tradition and Change on the Governing Elite of a Dutch City". Sixteenth Century Journal. 12 (2): 15–42. doi:10.2307/2539499. JSTOR 2539499.
- C. Fasseur (1989). "Leiden and empire: University and Colonial Office 1825-1925". In Willem Otterspeer (ed.). Leiden Oriental Connections: 1850-1940. Brill. pp. 187–203. ISBN 90-04-09022-3.
- Christine Kooi (2000). "Leiden in the Late 16th Century". Liberty and Relligion: Church and State in Leiden's Reformation, 1572-1620. Brill. ISBN 90-04-11643-5.
in Dutch edit
- P.J. Blok. Geschiedenis eener Hollandsche stad (in Dutch). Hague: M. Nijhoff. 1910-1918
- Henri Zondervan, ed. (1919), "Leiden", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), vol. 11 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy "Elsevier", hdl:2027/mdp.39015068347957 (province and city)
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leiden.
- Europeana. Items related to Leiden, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Leiden, various dates