A Yankee Bond is a bond issued by a foreign entity, such as a bank or company, that is issued and traded in the United States and denominated in U.S. dollars.[1] For instance, Company ABC is headquartered in France. ABC issues dollar bonds in the United States, the bonds are Yankee bonds. Yankee bonds are normally issued in tranches, a debt structure that divides the investment into portions. Typically each portion has a different level of risk, interest rates, and maturities. Investors buy Yankee bonds to access overseas firms. Yankee bonds are like other bonds. The borrower pays interest and principal.[2] Yankee Bonds are administered by the Securities Act of 1933.[3] Issuers register Yankee Bonds with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) before offering them for sale.
Risk edit
Because they are dollar bonds, investors avoid price fluctuations created by exchange rate changes. Instead, the issuer takes on exchange risks. If a foreign company faces domestic interest rates that are higher than the comparable bond rates in the United States, companies experience lower costs.[4]
According to Bell (2011), higher credit risks imply higher yields.[5] Yankee Bonds frequently offer yields higher than the yields available on comparable, or even lower-rated bond issues from U.S. issuers.
Reverse Yankee Bond edit
In 2003, Reverse Yankee Bonds emerged. They are mostly of a higher grade and are issued by a U.S. company outside the U.S., and denominated in a currency other than the dollar. This bond is governed by Securities Act of 1933, and must be registered with the SEC.
U.S. companies issued €45 billion of euro-denominated bonds in the first seven months of 2015 by taking the advantage of low pricing relative to dollars and Europe’s increasing accessibility to international borrowers.[6][7] Globalisation and currency volatility support this market, in part as a diversification move.[8] US bonds yields were well over those in the Euro zone.[9] U.S. backers represented 23% of all euro-designated bond issues in 2016.[citation needed]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Yankee Certificate Of Deposit". Investopedia.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
- ^ "Yankee Bonds Definition & Example". Investing Answers. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
- ^ Coles, M. H. (1981). Foreign Companies Raising Capital in the United States. Journal of Comparative Corporate Law and Securities Regulation 3, 300-319.
- ^ Miller, D. P., & Puthenpurackal, J. J. (2001, January 6). The Costs, Wealth Effects, and Determinants of International Capital Raising: Evidence from Public Yankee Bonds. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 455-485.
- ^ Claes Bell (2011-08-17). "Yankee Bonds - Is the Return Worth the Risk?". Bankrate.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
- ^ Lloyd, D. (2015). 'Reverse Yankees': a home run for US issuers? An M&G Investments Fixed Income talking point.
- ^ Jackson, G. (2015, November 19). Reverse Yankees dominate euro bond markets. Financial Times.
- ^ "What is a Reverse Yankee Bond?". Morningstar.co.uk. 2017-02-21. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
- ^ Merkle, M. (2016, March 6). Reverse Yankee Bonds and the New EU Market Abuse Regime. Lexis Practice Advisor Journal.