浪

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浪 U+6D6A, 浪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D6A
← 浩
[U+6D69] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 浫 →
[U+6D6B]
浪 U+F92A, 浪
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F92A
← 朗
[U+F929] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 狼 →
[U+F92B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

浪 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水戈日女 (EIAV), four-corner 37132, composition ⿰氵良)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 624, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17482
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1022, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1634, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6D6A

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 浪

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 浪
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
剆 *raːl, *raːlʔ
郎 *raːŋ
稂 *raːŋ
桹 *raːŋ
鋃 *raːŋ
硠 *raːŋ
浪 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
蜋 *raːŋ, *raŋ
琅 *raːŋ
狼 *raːŋ
欴 *raːŋ
踉 *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs
莨 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
艆 *raːŋ
駺 *raːŋ
躴 *raːŋ
筤 *raːŋ
閬 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
哴 *raːŋ, *raŋs
蓈 *raːŋ
廊 *raːŋ
榔 *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ
螂 *raːŋ
瑯 *raːŋ
朗 *raːŋʔ
朖 *raːŋʔ
誏 *raːŋʔ
俍 *raːŋʔ
崀 *raːŋʔ
埌 *raːŋs
蒗 *raːŋs
娘 *naŋ
良 *raŋ
粮 *raŋ
悢 *raŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːŋ, *raːŋs) : semantic 水 + phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ).

Etymology 1[edit]

May be a colloquial variant of 瀾／澜 (lán, “wave”). Probably not related to Tibetan དབའ་ཀློང (dba' klong, “wave”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lang6 - literary;
  • neng7 - vernacular.
Rime
Character 浪
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 來宕切
Baxter langH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/laŋH/
Li
Rong 		/lɑŋH/
Wang
Li 		/lɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		làng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		long6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 浪
Reading # 2/2
No. 8040
Phonetic
component 		良
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		浪
Old
Chinese 		/*raːŋs/

Definitions[edit]

浪

  1. wave
  2. something resembling waves
    麥浪／麦浪  ―  màilàng  ―  billowing wheat fields
  3. to be unrestrained
    浪費／浪费  ―  làngfèi  ―  to waste
  4. dissolute
    浪蕩／浪荡  ―  làngdàng  ―  dissolute; dissipated
    狂蜂浪蝶  ―  kuángfēnglàngdié  ―  lascivious men
  5. (dialectal Mandarin or slang) to amuse oneself; to have fun; to go out; to hang out; to stroll
  6. (literary) in vain
  7. a surname
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 浪 (“wave”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 瀾, 浪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 浪
Mandarin Taiwan 浪
Luoyang 浪頭
Yinchuan 浪
Chengdu 浪子
Singapore 浪
Cantonese Hong Kong 浪
Gan Nanchang 浪
Huizhou Jixi 浪頭
Eastern Min Fuzhou 浪
Southern Min Xiamen 湧
Quanzhou 湧
Zhangzhou 湧
Tainan 湧
Jieyang 湧
Leizhou 湧
Haikou 湧
Wu Shanghai 浪頭
Shanghai (Chongming) 浪頭
Ningbo 浪頭, 浪

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 浪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 魯當切
Baxter lang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/laŋ/
Li
Rong 		/lɑŋ/
Wang
Li 		/lɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		láng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		long4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 浪
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		láng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ˁaŋ/
English (name of a river)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 浪
Reading # 1/2
No. 8016
Phonetic
component 		良
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		郎
Old
Chinese 		/*raːŋ/

Definitions[edit]

浪

  1. Only used in 滄浪／沧浪 (Cāngláng) and 浪浪 (lángláng).

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

simp. and trad.
 浪
alternative forms 上
丄

Lenition of 上: /zɑ̃¹¹³/ > /lɑ̃¹¹³/ (Shanghainese pronunciation). Compare 哉 (/zəʔ/), which underwent a similar process to 了 (/ləʔ/).

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

浪

  1. (Wu) on; above
    衣裳擺辣床浪。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    衣裳摆辣床浪。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    From: 2007, Qian Nairong, 上海话大词典, page 8
    1i-zaon 5pa-laq 6zaon-laon [Wugniu]
    Put the clothes on the bed.

Etymology 4[edit]

From English furlong.

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

浪

  1. furlong

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

浪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. wave
  2. wandering

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
浪
なみ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 浪 – see the following entry.
【波なみ】3
[noun] a wave
[proper noun] a female given name
Alternative spelling
濤
(This term, 浪, is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
浪
ろう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Counter[edit]

浪(ろう) • (-rō) ←らう (rau)?

  1. failing the annual university entrance exams (see 浪人)
    二浪目(にろうめ)
    nirōme
    second time failing the annual university entrance exams

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 浪 (MC langH). Recorded as Middle Korean 라ᇰ〯 (lǎng) (Yale: lǎng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (initial position)
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠(ː)ŋ]
    • Phonetic hangul: [낭(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
  • (non-initial position)

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

浪 (eumhun 물결 랑 (mulgyeol rang), South Korea 물결 낭 (mulgyeol nang))

  1. Hanja form? of 랑/낭 (“wave”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

浪: Hán Nôm readings: lảng, lặng, rằng, lãng, lăng, trảng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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