rabies

See also: rabiés and ràbies

English

A dog infected with rabies

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rabiēs (“rage, madness, fury”). Doublet of rage.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪ.biːz/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪbiːz

Noun

rabies (uncountable)

1. (pathology) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.

   Synonyms: (archaic) Arctic dog disease, hydrophobia, lyssa

Derived terms

• baby rabies
• furious rabies
• rabid
• rabietic

Descendants

• → Cebuano: rabis
• → Danish: rabies
• → Malay: rabies
  • → Indonesian: rabies
• → Norwegian: rabies
• → Swedish: rabies
• → Tagalog: rabis

Translations

viral disease

• Afrikaans: hondsdolheid
• Arabic: كَلَب (ar) m (kalab), دَاء اَلْكَلَب m (dāʔ al-kalab)

  Egyptian Arabic: سعر m (sáʕar)

  Moroccan Arabic: سعر m (saʕr)

• Armenian: կատաղություն (hy) (kataġutʿyun)
• Azerbaijani: quduzluq
• Belarusian: шаленства n (šaljenstva), шал m (šal)
• Bengali: জলাতঙ্ক (bn) (jolatoṅko)
• Bulgarian: бяс (bg) m (bjas)
• Burmese: ခွေးရူးပြန်ရောဂါ (my) (hkwe:ru:pranrau:ga)
• Catalan: ràbia (ca) f
• Cebuano: rabis
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 狂犬病 (zh) (kuángquǎnbìng)

• Czech: vzteklina (cs) f
• Danish: hundegalskab (da) c, rabies (da) c
• Dutch: hondsdolheid (nl) f, rabiës (nl) f
• Estonian: marutaud
• Finnish: vesikauhu (fi), raivotauti (fi)
• French: rage (fr) f
• Galician: rabia f
• Georgian: ცოფი (copi)
• German: Tollwut (de) f
• Greek: λύσσα (el) f (lýssa)
• Hebrew: כַּלֶּבֶת (he) f (kallevet)
• Hindi: हलकाव (halkāv)
• Hungarian: veszettség (hu) f
• Ido: ranio
• Indonesian: rabies (id), anjing gila (id)
• Irish: confadh
• Italian: rabbia (it) f
• Japanese: 狂犬病 (ja) (きょうけんびょう, kyōkenbyō)
• Khmer: ឆ្កែឆ្កួត (chkae chkuət)
• Korean: 광견병 (ko) (gwanggyeonbyeong)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: harî (ku)

• Lao: ວໍ້ (wǭ)
• Macedonian: бе́снило n (bésnilo)
• Malay: penyakit anjing gila, gila anjing, rabies
• Marathi: अलर्क (alarka)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: галзуу өвчин (galzuu övčin)

  Mongolian: ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ
  ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ (ɣalǰaɣu ebedčin)

• Norman: rage f (Jersey)
• Norwegian: hundegalskap n, rabies m
• Ottoman Turkish: قودوز
• Persian: هاری (fa)
• Polish: wścieklizna (pl) f
• Portuguese: raiva (pt) f
• Punjabi: ہلک (hlk), ਹਲਕ (halak)
• Romanian: turbare (ro) f, rabie (ro) f
• Russian: бе́шенство (ru) n (béšenstvo)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: бѐснило n, бесноћа f

  Roman: bèsnilo (sh) n, besnoća f

• Sicilian: raggia (scn) f
• Sinhalese: පිස්සුකම (pissukama), පිස්සුව (pissuwa)
• Slovak: besnota f
• Slovene: steklina (sl) f
• Spanish: rabia (es) f
• Swedish: rabies (sv) c
• Tagalog: rabis
• Tajik: калоб (kalob)
• Tamil: நாய்க்கடிசன்னி (nāykkaṭicaṉṉi)
• Thai: พิษสุนัขบ้า (th) (pít-sù-nák-bâa)
• Turkish: kuduz (tr)
• Ukrainian: сказ m (skaz)
• Urdu: ہلکاؤ
• Vietnamese: dại (vi), bệnh dại
• Walloon: må d' araedje (wa) m, araedje (wa) f, raedje (wa) f
• Yiddish: וואַסערשרעק m (vasershrek)

Further reading

• rabies on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “rabies”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “rabies”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• Baiers, Serbia, braies, braise, rebias

Danish

Noun

rabies c (singular definite rabiesen, not used in plural form)

1. rabies

Declension

Declension of rabies

common gender	Singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	rabies	rabiesen
genitive	rabies'	rabiesens

Synonyms

• hundegalskab

References

• “rabies” in Den Danske Ordbog

Galician

Verb

rabies

1. second-person singular present subjunctive of rabiar

Indonesian

Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch rabiës, from Latin rabies (“madness”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ra.ˈbi.ɛs/
• Rhymes: -ɛs, -s
• Hyphenation: ra‧bi‧es

Noun

rabies (first-person possessive rabiesku, second-person possessive rabiesmu, third-person possessive rabiesnya)

1. (pathology, neurology) rabies: an infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.

   Synonym: anjing gila

Further reading

• “rabies” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Alternative forms

• rabia (late)

Etymology

From rabiō +‎ -iēs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈra.bi.eːs/, [ˈräbieːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈra.bi.es/, [ˈräːbies]

Noun

rabiēs f (genitive rabiēī); fifth declension

1. rage
2. madness

Declension

• The genitive singular appears as rabiēs in Lucretius. The nominative, accusative and ablative singular are the only attested forms in Classical Latin.

Fifth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rabiēs	rabiēs
Genitive	rabiēī	rabiērum
Dative	rabiēī	rabiēbus
Accusative	rabiem	rabiēs
Ablative	rabiē	rabiēbus
Vocative	rabiēs	rabiēs

Derived terms

• rabidus

Descendants

• → English: rabies
• → Portuguese: rabia
• → Romanian: rabie

Reflexes of the late variant rabia:

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rabbia, (Arcevia) raggia
• Padanian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: ràbia, râbia
    • Ligurian: ragia
    • Lombard: reba
    • Piedmontese: rabia, ragia
  • Romansch: ravgia, rabgia
  • Venetian: rabia
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: ràbia
  • Franco-Provençal: rage, razhe, radze
  • Old French: rage (see there for further descendants)
  • Gascon: arrauja, arrauje
  • Occitan: ràbia, rauja

    Provençal: raja

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: ravia, raiva
    • Galician: rabia, raiba; raiva
    • Portuguese: raiva
  • Old Spanish: rabia
    • Spanish: rabia
  • → Basque: errabia
• Insular Romance:
  • ⇒ Sardinian: arrajolare (Logudorese)

References

• “rabies”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rabies”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rabies in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Spanish

Verb

rabies

1. second-person singular present subjunctive of rabiar

Swedish

Noun

rabies c (uncountable)

1. (medicine) rabies

   Synonym: vattuskräck

See also

• fradga (“froth”)

References

• rabies in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rabies in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rabies in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)