oko

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "oko"

Barasana[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. water
  2. rain

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • 1982, Hugh-Jones, Barasana Cosmology, in Ethnoastronomy and archaeoastronomy in the American tropics: oko sohe "the east (literally: the water door)", kuma oko "summer rain (by extension, any heavy rain)", oko uhu "master of water: the egret"

Carapana[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Ronald G. Metzger, The Morpheme KA- of Carapana (Tucanoan)

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Czech oko, from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈoko]
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: oko

Noun[edit]

oko n

  1. (anatomy) eye
    zmizet z očí ― to disappear from sight
    Otevřela oči. ― She opened her eyes.
  2. (card games) twenty-one, pontoon
  3. tarn
  4. eye (center of a storm)

Usage notes[edit]

  • The plural of definition 1 takes the dual form, which changes the gender from neuter to feminine (seen in agreement, for example "modré oči" – "blue eyes").

Declension[edit]

Declension of oko
singular plural dual
nominative oko oka oči
genitive oka ok očí
dative oku okám, okům očím
accusative oko oka oči
vocative oko oka oči
locative oku okách očích
instrumental okem oky očima

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • oko in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • oko in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • oko in Internetová jazyková příručka

Edo[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. something parceled for certain purposes like gift giving, etc.; parcel

References[edit]

  1. ^ Agheyisi, Rebecca N. (1986) An Edo-English dictionary, Benin City: Ethiope, →ISBN
  2. ^ Melzian, Hans (1937) A Concise Dictionary of the Bini Language of Southern Nigeria‎[1], London: Kegal Paul, Trench, Trubner, page 142

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

ok (“8”) +‎ -o (“noun”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko (accusative singular okon, plural okoj, accusative plural okojn)

  1. a number or numeral 8
  2. eightsome, a set of eight of something
    la kera oko
    the eight of hearts

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Playing cards in Esperanto · ludkartoj (layout · text)
aso duo trio kvaro kvino seso sepo
oko naŭo deko fanto, bubo damo reĝo ĵokero

Guaraní[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. home

Gun[edit]

Okò

Etymology 1[edit]

Cognates include Fon kò, Adja eko (“clay-like soil”)

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

okò (plural okò lɛ́ or okò lẹ́)

  1. clay

Etymology 2[edit]

Cognates include Fon ko, Saxwe Gbe oko

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

oko

  1. twenty

Adjective[edit]

oko

  1. twenty

Related terms[edit]

19

fɔtɔ̀n-nùkún-ɛnɛ̀, fọtọ̀n-nùkún-ẹnẹ̀

20 21

ko-nùkún-ɖòkpó, ko-nùkún-dòpó

cardinal number oko, ko
ordinal number okotɔ́, okotọ́

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

oko

  1. Rōmaji transcription of おこ

Kari'na[edit]

Kari'na cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : oko

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Cariban *atjôkô.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA(key): [oːko]
  • (East Suriname) IPA(key): [oʔko]

Numeral[edit]

oko (nominalized okono)

  1. two

References[edit]

  • Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎[3], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 107
  • Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “oko”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 330; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎[4], Paris, 1956, page 323

Koreguaje[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Mayo[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. pine

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Verb[edit]

oko

  1. (obsolete) past plural of aka

Old Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko n

  1. eye
  2. sight, look, gaze
  3. round formation on an object; hole; spot resembling an eye
  4. bulge on a plant resembling an eye

Declension[edit]

Declension of oko (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative oko oči oka
genitive oka očú ok
dative oku očima okóm
accusative oko oči oka
vocative oko oči oka
locative ocě, oku očú ociech
instrumental okem očima oky
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants[edit]

  • Czech: oko

Further reading[edit]

Old Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɔkɔ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɔkɔ/

Noun[edit]

oko n

  1. eye
  2. (in the dual) front of a person; frontside
    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎[6], page 820:
      Y odvyazaly gy od slupa, a obroczyvschy gy grzebyetem ku slupv y vzyąly yemv rącze opak albo za szye, y czyagnąly tako sylnye aze oblapyl slup vschythek, yako pyrvey oczyma byl przyvyązan
      [I odwiązali ji od słupa a obrociwszy ji grzebietem ku słupu i wzięli jemu ręce opak albo zasie i ciągnęli ji tako silnie, aże obłapił słup wszytek, jako pirwej oczyma był przywiązan]
  3. (figuratively) cognition (ability to reason)
    • 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 244:
      Darmo podnossy swe oko na wydzenye boga, gen gescze sam syebye poznacz a wydzecz nye umyege
      [Darmo podnosi swe oko na widzenie Boga, jen jeszcze sam siebie poznać a widzieć nie umieje]
  4. hole in a net
    • 1879 [1416], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis‎[7], page 76:
      Sex rethe de suberibus bonis valencia dorcas venare, que ad longitudinem XXX passuum vlg. szø[ż]yene ne nayedrzonech debent habere, et XIIII oculos vlg. na *dztyrnacze ok
      [Sex rethe de suberibus bonis valencia dorcas venare, que ad longitudinem XXX passuum vlg. są[ż]enie nie najedrzonych debent habere, et XIIII oculos vlg. na cztyrnacie ok]

Derived terms[edit]

adverb
nouns
prepositions
verbs

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish oko.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko n (diminutive oczko, augmentative oczysko)

  1. (countable, anatomy) eye (vision organ)
    Synonym: źrenica
  2. (uncountable, colloquial) sight (ability to see)
    Synonym: wzrok
  3. (chiefly in the plural) eyes (gaze, manner of looking)
    Synonym: spojrzenie
  4. (countable) eye (manner of seeing that expresses one's emotions i.e. through art)
  5. (uncountable) eye (supervision or guarding)
  6. (countable) eye (anything round)
  7. (countable) eye (part of a camera)
    Synonyms: ślepie, ślepię
  8. (obsolete, countable) unit of weight equal to three pounds
  9. (obsolete, uncountable) presence, countenance
  10. (Middle Polish, games) point on a game die
  11. (Middle Polish) eye (colorful circle on a peacock's tail)
  12. (Middle Polish, botany) bud of a shoot of a plant transplanted to another plant
    Hypernym: pączek

Declension[edit]

Declension of oko
singular plural
nominative oko oczy
genitive oka oczu/ócz/oczów
dative oku oczom
accusative oko oczy
instrumental okiem oczami/oczyma
locative oku oczach
vocative oko oczy
Note: ócz and oczów are rare or archaically stylistic.

Derived terms[edit]

adjectives
adverbs
interjection
nouns
phrase
preposition
proverb
verbs

Noun[edit]

oko n

  1. (chiefly in the plural) layer of fat or lard on top of a liquid
  2. (countable) hole of a net
  3. (uncountable, card games) blackjack
    Synonym: blackjack
  4. (uncountable, sailing, colloquial) observation duty on the bow of a ship
  5. (uncountable, sailing, colloquial) sailor performing such a duty
  6. (countable, meteorology) eye of a cyclone
  7. (dialectal) tarn
  8. shiny surface of water

Declension[edit]

Declension of oko
singular plural
nominative oko oka
genitive oka ok
dative oku okom
accusative oko oka
instrumental okiem okami
locative oku okach
vocative oko oka

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), oko is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 32 times in scientific texts, 7 times in news, 14 times in essays, 158 times in fiction, and 84 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 295 times, making it the 171st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “oko”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 329

Further reading[edit]

  • oko in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • oko in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “oko”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “OKO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2023 July 12
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[8]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[9]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[10] (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 737
  • oko in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Secoya[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Linguistic series of the Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma, issues 5-7 (1961)

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ôko/
  • Hyphenation: o‧ko

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun[edit]

ȍko n (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко)

  1. (anatomy) eye
Declension[edit]
Declension of oko
singular plural
nominative ȍko ȍči
genitive ȍka òčijū
dative oku očima
accusative oko oči
vocative oko oči
locative oku očima
instrumental okom očima

Etymology 2[edit]

Preposition[edit]

ȍko (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко) (+ genitive case)

  1. around, about, roughly, approximately
    Zaplijenjeno je oko 45 kg. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. vocative singular of oka

Siona[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Slovak[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko n (genitive singular oka, nominative plural oči, oká, genitive plural očí/očú, ôk, declension pattern of mesto)

  1. eye
  2. sprout on a potato

Declension[edit]

#1 #2
Declension of oko
singular plural
nominative oko oči
genitive oka očí, očú
dative oku očiam
accusative oko oči
locative oku očiach
instrumental okom očami
Declension of oko
singular plural
nominative oko oká
genitive oka ôk
dative oku okám
accusative oko oká
locative oku okách
instrumental okom okami

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • “oko”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

okọ̑ n

  1. eye
  2. sprout
  3. (dysphemistic, figuratively) watching person
  4. (cooking) hole in cheese
  5. (engineering) a hole for securing the material during lifting
Inflection[edit]
  • All senses except first
First neuter declension (hard o-stem) , mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization
nom. sing. okọ̑
gen. sing. očẹ̑sa
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očẹ̑sa
genitive
rodȋlnik 		očẹ̑sa očẹ̑s očẹ̑s
dative
dajȃlnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama očẹ̑som, očẹ̑sam
accusative
tožȋlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očẹ̑sa
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si očẹ̑sih, očẹ̑sah očẹ̑sih, očẹ̑sah
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		očẹ̑som očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama očẹ̑si
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očẹ̑sa


  • First sense
First neuter declension (hard o-stem) , mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization, suppletive in the plural, feminine in the plural
nom. sing. okọ̑
gen. sing. očẹ̑sa
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očȋ
genitive
rodȋlnik 		očẹ̑sa očī očī
dative
dajȃlnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama očẹ̄m
accusative
tožȋlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očȋ
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si očẹ́h očẹ́h
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		očẹ̑som očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama očmí
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si očȋ
  • The dual is used when referring specifically to both eyes:
    V vojni je izgubil obe očesi. ― He lost both eyes in the war.


First neuter declension (hard o-stem) , mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization, loses the infix in the plural
nom. sing. okọ̑
gen. sing. očẹ̑sa
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si ọ̑ke
genitive
rodȋlnik 		očẹ̑sa ọ̑k ọ̑k
dative
dajȃlnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama ọ̑kom, ọ̑kam
accusative
tožȋlnik 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si ọ̑ke
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si ọ̑kih, ọ̑kah ọ̑kih, ọ̑kah
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		očẹ̑som očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama ọ̑ki
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		okọ̑ očẹ̑si ọ̑ke
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ȍko.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ȏko n

  1. (only present in phrase od ȏka) eye
Inflection[edit]
First neuter declension (hard o-stem) , fixed accent
nom. sing. ȏko
gen. sing. ȏka
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		ȏko ȏki ȏke
genitive
rodȋlnik 		ȏka ȏk ȏk
dative
dajȃlnik 		ȏku, ȏki ȏkoma, ȏkama ȏkom, ȏkam
accusative
tožȋlnik 		ȏko ȏki ȏke
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		ȏku, ȏki ȏkih, ȏkah ȏkih, ȏkah
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		ȏkom ȏkoma, ȏkama ȏki
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȏko ȏki ȏke
Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “oko”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “oko”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Tocharian A[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably borrowed from Tocharian B to Tocharian A, in which case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”).

Noun[edit]

oko ?

  1. fruit

Tocharian B[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably a borrowing from Tocharian B to A. From there, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”), making it cognate with Lithuanian úoga, Russian я́года (jágoda), Old English æcern (whence English acorn), etc. Also possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“increase, grow”), in which case cognate with auk- (“to grow”), Lithuanian augti, Latin augeo, etc.

Noun[edit]

oko n

  1. fruit
  2. result, effect, consequence

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “oko”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 115

Tsou[edit]

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. child; kid

Tucano[edit]

Noun[edit]

okó

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Estudios tucanos (1979), issue 3, page 16: [oko] 'agua' /oko/
  • HG

Tuyuca[edit]

Noun[edit]

okó

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Janet Barnes, notes on Tuyuca in Tucano, in The Amazonian Languages (Robert M. W. Dixon)

Warao[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

oko (singular iné)

  1. we, first person plural nominative pronoun
    Sina sisiko oko narutera. [1]
    With whom will we go.
    Osibu oko yabae nobotuma sina ribuae. [2]
    Some grandfathers said "we fished for morokoto".

See also[edit]

  • (possessive) ka

References[edit]

  1. ^ Romero-Figueroa 1997.34
  2. ^ Romero-Figueroa 1997.52-53

Xhosa[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ôko

  1. that; class 15 distal demonstrative.

Etymology 2[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ôko

  1. that; class 17 distal demonstrative.

Yoruba[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Cognate with Igala óko, proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ó-ko

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA(key): /ō.kō/

Noun[edit]

oko

  1. farm, field
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA(key): /ò.kò/

Noun[edit]

òkò

  1. stone; projectile
    Synonym: òkúta

Etymology 3[edit]

From Proto-Yoruboid *ó-kó. Compare with dó (“to have sex”), akọ (“male”) and ọkọ (“husband”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

okó

  1. (vulgar) penis
    Synonym: kòkòrò
Coordinate terms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Adebayo, Taofeeq (2020) “Some Diachronic Changes in Yoruba Grammar”, in Journal of West African Languages
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