tu

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See also: TU, ես, and Appendix:Variations of "tu"

English[edit]

Particle[edit]

tu

  1. Pronunciation spelling of to, representing African-American Vernacular English.

Afar[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tú f 

  1. thing

Declension[edit]

Declension of tú
absolutive tú
predicative tú
subjective tú
genitive tú
Postpositioned forms
l-case túl
k-case túk
t-case tút
h-case túh

Synonyms[edit]

References[edit]

  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “tu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Ainu[edit]

Ainu cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : tu
    Ordinal : tu ikinne

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu (Kana spelling トゥ)

  1. two

Albanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unknown.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. may

Aromanian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Compare tru.

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. in
  2. into
Synonyms[edit]

Asturian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Atong (India)[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English two.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu (Bengali script তু)

  1. two

Synonyms[edit]

References[edit]

Bambara[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. forest; thicket

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to spit (out)

Batuley[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Indonesian tua.

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. old

References[edit]

Big Nambas[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. give
    Patu pai ani!
    Give him a yam!.

References[edit]

Bislama[edit]

Bislama cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : tu

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too

Borôro[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to go

Breton[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish tóeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Welsh tu, Cornish tu.

Noun[edit]

tu m

  1. side

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Catalan tu, from Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular); thou
  2. one (singular, impersonal)

Declension[edit]

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Chilcotin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Eung-Do Cook (2013) A Tsilhqút'ín Grammar

Chipewyan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan [Term?]; cognate with Hän chuu, Ahtna tuu, Deg Xinag te, Navajo tó, Gwich'in chųų, etc.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Eung-Do Cook (2004) A grammar of Dëne Sųłiné (Chipewyan), page 350

Coatecas Altas Zapotec[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. one

References[edit]

Cornish[edit]

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. Hard mutation of du.
  2. Mixed mutation of du.

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Old Czech tu, from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. (informal or dialectal) here
    Synonyms: zde, tady

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. feminine accusative singular of ten

Further reading[edit]

  • tu in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • tu in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • tu in Internetová jazyková příručka

Drung[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tawŋ.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. thousand

References[edit]

  • Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎[3], Santa Barbara: University of California

Ewe[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu (plural tuwo)

  1. gun

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to build
  2. to close
  3. to crush
  4. to grind
  5. to meet
  6. to untie

Fala[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu f sg

  1. (Lagarteiru) Apocopic form of túa (“your”)

Usage notes[edit]

  • Used in Lagarteiru before a feminine singular noun as part of a noun phrase.

See also[edit]

Fala possessive determiners and pronouns
Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Possessor First person Singular mei miña meis miñas
Plural nosu nosa nosus nosas
Second person Singular tei túa, tu1 teis túas, tus1
Plural vosu vosa vosus vosas
Third person sei súa, su1 seis súas, sus1
  1. Determiner forms used in Lagarteiru before a noun.

References[edit]

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[4], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Fanagalo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

Fijian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to stand
  2. to be (only in situations regarding posture or position)

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Cognates with the exact same usage are the Italian tu, as well as du in German or ты in Russian.

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person informal singular, plural vous, object te, emphatic toi, possessive determiner ton)

  1. you (singular); thou
Usage notes[edit]
  • When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered somewhat impolite to say the pronoun moi first, etiquette says it must be the last one, and toi must be said after a third person:
    • Rose, toi et moi irons là-bas., “Rose, you and I will go there.”
  • "Tu" is used to address one person in an informal situation. Older people tend to exclusively use it with familiar people, and do not use it with unfamiliar adults unless invited to; but younger people use this pronoun much more, using it together in any informal situation, even if they don't know each other. Using "vous" in this context will be seen as old-fashioned and distant.
  • "Tu" is not typically used in formal settings such as business meetings and never in court, regardless of the relationship between the speaker and the listener.
  • Using "vous" when "tu" would be more appropriate will come across as rigid and awkward; however, using "tu" when "vous" would be more appropriate could come over as deliberate disrespect. For this reason, as a rule of thumb, it is advised to use "vous" if in doubt, as it is "all-encompassing".
  • Children are always addressed using "tu" – vous would come over as comical. In elementary, middle, and high schools, teachers address students using "tu", but students address teachers using vous*. In higher education usage of vous becomes more common in both directions.
  • In formal written communication to any adult, use vous. Not doing so may come over as unprofessional at best, deliberately disrespectful at worst.

*However, depending on the region or type of school, other norms may be more used in place. For example, in Quebec (not the rest of Canada), it is more common for students to use "tu" with their teachers.[1]

As a final note: These come as natural to a person who grew up in a French-speaking country, but not necessarily for outsiders. If you are obviously a foreigner, people will normally be forgiving of such mistakes.

Inflection[edit]
  • Nominative: tu
  • Emphatic: toi
  • Oblique: te
  • t’ (proclitic form, colloquial)
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
  • vous (plural form and polite singular form)
French personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Disjunctive
(tonic)
Singular First — je, j’ me, m’ moi
Second — tu te, t’ toi
Third Masculine il le, l’ lui lui
Feminine elle la, l’ elle
Gender neutral5 iel lea ellui
Indeterminate on1 — — —
Reflexive — se, s’4 soi4
Plural First — nous nous nous
Second — vous2 vous2,3 vous2
Third Masculine ils3 les leur eux
Feminine elles elles
Gender neutral5 iels elleux
1 Also used as the first person plural.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
5 Colloquial, and not in popular use.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Brad (2015 May 16) “The use of “VOUS” versus “TU” — in CANADA – Post 2 of 2 (#269)”, in Quebec Culture Blog, retrieved 2023-06-25: “This student / teacher trend of “tutoiement” does not really apply in Canadian provinces outside of Québec.”

Etymology 2[edit]

Participle[edit]

tu (feminine tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)

  1. past participle of taire

Etymology 3[edit]

From t-il.

Particle[edit]

tu

  2. (Quebec, informal) question marker
    C’est-tu possible ? ― Is it possible?

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Friulian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you

See also[edit]

Friulian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person jo nô
2nd person familiar tu vô
polite lui, jê lôr
3rd person m lui, lôr
f jê lôr

Gaulish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tū (plural suīs)

  1. you (singular); thou

Inflection[edit]

  • Nominative: tū
  • Accusative: ti/te
  • Dative: toi

References[edit]

  • Václav Blažek (2008) “Gaulish Language”, in Sborník prací filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity / Studia minora facultatis philosophicae universitatis brunensis‎[5], page 59

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. singular imperative of tun

Iban[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. this (what is being indicated)

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. this

See also[edit]

Ido[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English thou, French tu, German du, Italian tu, Spanish tú, Russian ты (ty), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ with +‎ -u.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. (informal, familiar) you (singular), thou
    Synonym: (formal) vu

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

    Personal pronouns in Ido
Singular Plural
Nominative Possessive Nominative Possessive
Singular Plural Singular Plural
First person  me  mea  mei  ni  nia  nii
Second person Formal  vu  vua  vui  vi  via  vii
Familiar  tu  tua  tui
Third person Masculine  ilu, il  ilua  ilui  ili  ilia  ilii
Feminine  elu, el  elua  elui  eli  elia  elii
Neuter  olu, ol  olua  olui  oli  olia  olii
Common  lu  lua  lui  li  lia  lii
Reflexive  su  sua  sui  su  sua  sui
Indefinite  onu, on  onua  onui  onu, on  onua  onui
Notes
The possessive plurals are seldom used.
The shortened forms are preferred.
The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered or neuter forms in most scenarios.

Interlingua[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin and common Romance tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Inflection[edit]

subject tu
object te
reflexive te
possessive tu, tue

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. (possessive) your

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/*
  • (most parts of Latium) IPA(key): /ˈtu/°
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: tù

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Usage notes[edit]

  • Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangi una mela, which is much more common than Tu mangi una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangi ; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Tu mangi una mela could be interpreted as You are eating an apple and I am not)..
  • The second-person pronoun in particular can sound confidential and, in some cases, even impolite.

See also[edit]

Italian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Reflexive Accusative Dative Conjunctive Disjunctive Locative Partitive
Singular first — io mi, m', -mi me me —
second — tu ti, t', -ti te te
third m lui si2, s', -si lo, l', -lo gli, -gli glie, se2 lui, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f lei, Lei1 la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 lei, Lei1, sé
Plural first — noi ci, c', -ci ce noi —
second — voi, Voi4 vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 ve voi, Voi4
third m loro, Loro1 si, s', -si li, Li1, -li, -Li1 gli, -gli, loro (formal),
Loro1 		glie, se loro, Loro1, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1 Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2 Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3 Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4 Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Further reading[edit]

Jamaican Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Derived from English to.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA(key): /tu/

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. to
    • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, 3 Jan 1:1:
      Da leta ya a kom fram mi, di elda — tu mi speshal fren, Gaiyos. Mi fren, mi riili riili lov yu.
      This letter comes from the elder to Gaius, my dear friend, whom I love in the truth.

Further reading[edit]

  • tu at majstro.com

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

tu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of とぅ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of トゥ

Kalasha[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (2nd-person personal pronoun)

See also[edit]

Kalasha personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person a / آ ábi / آبی
2nd person tu / تُو ábi / آبی
3rd person (near) ía / اِیا émi / ایمی
3rd person (far) ása / آسا éḷi / ایࣇی
3rd person (absent) se / سے te / تے

Kalo Finnish Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Finnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Kashubian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/
  • Syllabification: tu

Adverb[edit]

tu (not comparable)

  1. here (at this place)
    Synonym: tuwò
    Coordinate term: tam

Further reading[edit]

  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “tu”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego‎[6] (in Kashubian), page 216
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “tu”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[7], page 1164
  • “tu”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Khumi Chin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Kuki-Chin [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu. Cognates include Burmese တူ (tu) and Chinese 錘／锤 (chuí).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. hammer

References[edit]

  • K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎[8], Payap University, page 48

Ladino[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. (informal) you (singular)

See also[edit]

Adjective[edit]

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. your

Latgalian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Latvian tu and Lithuanian tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈtu]
  • Hyphenation: tu

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. thou, you (singular)
  2. (in reported speech) he, she (that is addressed)

Declension[edit]

Declension of tu
singular plural
nominative tu jius
genitive teve, tevi juisu
dative tev jums
accusative tevi jius
locative tevī jiusūs

See also[edit]

Latgalian personal pronouns
first second third (a.) third (l.)
m f m f
singular es tu jis jei šys šei
plural mes jius jī juos šī šuos

References[edit]

  • A. Andronov, L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 10
  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ or *tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tū (second person singular, possessive adjective tuus)

  1. you (singular); thou
    Mē tuī pudet.
    I am ashamed of you.

Usage notes[edit]

When used in the plural genitive, vestrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Vestrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of you).

Declension[edit]

Number Singular Plural
Person First Second Reflexive third Third First Second Reflexive third Third
Case / Gender Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut. Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nominative egō̆ tū — is ea id nōs vōs — eī
iī 		eae ea
Genitive meī tuī suī eius nostrī
nostrum 		vestrī
vestrum 		suī eōrum eārum eōrum
Dative mihi tibi sibi eī nōbīs vōbīs sibi eīs
Accusative mē tē sē
sēsē 		eum eam id nōs vōs sē
sēsē 		eōs eās ea
Ablative mē tē sē
sēsē 		eō eā eō nōbīs vōbīs sē
sēsē 		eīs
Vocative egō tū — nōs vōs —
  • Plautus sometimes has sg. gen. tis.
  • Tēd is an early form of tē.

Quotations[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

descendants
  • Aromanian: tu
  • Corsican: tù
  • Dalmatian: te
  • Friulian: tu
  • Istro-Romanian: tú
  • Italian: tu
  • Ladin: tu
  • Megleno-Romanian: tu
  • Mozarabic: ت (tu)
  • Navarro-Aragonese: tu
    • Aragonese: tu
  • Neapolitan: tu
  • Old French: tu
    • Gallo: tu
    • Middle French:
      • French: tu
    • Norman: tu, tu (Guernésiais)
    • Picard: tu
    • Walloon: tu
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: tu
    • Leonese: tu
    • Mirandese: tu
  • Old Occitan: tu
    • Occitan: tu
    • Old Catalan: tu
      • Catalan: tu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: tu
  • Old Spanish: tu
    • Extremaduran: tú
    • Ladino: tu
    • Spanish: tú
      • Chavacano: tu
  • Romanian: tu
  • Romansch: tu, tü
  • Shona: tue
  • Sicilian: tu
  • Venetian: ti

See also[edit]

Latin personal pronouns together with the possessive and reflexive pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Possessive
Singular First — ego meī mihi mē meus, -a, -um
Second — tū tuī tibi tē tuus, -a, -um
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine is ēius eī eum eō ēius
Feminine ea eam eā
Neuter id id eō
Plural First — nōs nostrī, nostrum nōbīs nōs nōbīs noster, -tra,
-trum
Second — vōs vestrī, vestrum vōbīs vōs vōbīs vester, -tra,
-trum
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine eī, iī eōrum eīs eōs eīs eōrum
Feminine eae eārum eās eārum
Neuter ea eōrum ea eōrum

References[edit]

  • "tu", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • "tu", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. The Latvian tevis comes from *tevens, with an -en-increased form showing an additional s by analogy with other genitive plurals. The dative form was originally closer to Old Prussian tebbei; the current form tev has a v due to influence from other declension forms, and the ending was reduced. The accusative tevi comes from *teven, with n by analogy to the accusative form of other words. The locative tevī was formed by analogy with i-stem nouns.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Pronoun[edit]

tu (personal, 2nd person singular)

  1. (informal in the singular) you; (dated) thou; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee
    vai tu nāksi man līdzi? ― are you coming with me?
    pieder tautai, tad tauta piederēs tev! ― belong to the people, and then the people will belong to you!
    būt uz tu ar kādu ― to be on intimate terms (lit. to be on thou) with someone
  2. (in the expression “ak tu...”) used to strengthen the meaning of a word or expression
    "ak tu to skaļo gaiļa rīkli!" māte priecājas ― "oh you loud rooster throat!" mother said happily
    ak tu mūžs! cūka izlauzusies no aizgalda! ― ah (you) life! the pig escaped from the pen!

Usage notes[edit]

The dative form tevim is used only optionally, with prepositions.

Declension[edit]

declension of tu
nominative (nominatīvs) tu
accusative (akuzatīvs) tevi
genitive (ģenitīvs) tevis
dative (datīvs) tev (tevim)
instrumental (instrumentālis) tevi
locative (lokatīvs) tevī

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]


References[edit]

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “tu”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Lithuanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuˀ (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *tuH. The oblique stem tav- has been generalized from the Proto-Indo-European genitive *téwe. For a discussion of the case endings, see àš (“I”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tù

  1. you (singular)

Declension[edit]

declension of tu
singular dual plural
nominative tù jùdu m, jùdvi f jū̃s
genitive tavę̃s jùdviejų jū́sų
dative táu jùdviem jùms
accusative tavè jùdu m, jùdvi f jùs
instrumental tavimì, tavim̃ jùdviem jumìs
locative tavyjè, tavỹ jùdviese jumysè

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Lithuanian personal pronouns
singular (vienaskaita) dual (dviskaita) plural (daugiskaita) reflexive
(sangrąžiniai)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo) 		2nd person
(antrasis asmuo) 		3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo) 		1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f m f m f m f m f
nominative
(vardininkas) 		àš tù jìs,
jisaĩ 		jì,
jinaĩ 		mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu,
jiẽdu 		jiẽdvi mẽs jū̃s jiẽ jõs -
genitive
(kilmininkas) 		manę̃s tavę̃s jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ savę̃s
dative
(naudininkas) 		mán táu jám jái mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mùms jùms jíems jóms sáu
accusative
(galininkas) 		manè tavè jį̃ ją̃ mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu jiẽdvi mùs jùs juõs jàs savè
instrumental
(įnagininkas) 		manimì, manim̃ tavimì, tavim̃ juõ jà mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mumìs jumìs jaĩs jomìs savimì,
savim̃
locative
(vietininkas) 		manyjè, manỹ tavyjè, tavỹ jamè jojè mùdviese jùdviese jiẽdviese mumysè jumysè juosè josè savyjè,
savỹ
possessive
(savybiniai) 		màno tàvo jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ sàvo

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. accusative feminine singular of ten

Lower Tanana[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • James Kari (1991) Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises

Malay[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Shortened form of itu, from Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. (colloquial) that (what is being indicated)

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. (colloquial) that (that thing)

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

tu

  1. Nonstandard spelling of tū.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of tú.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of tǔ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of tù.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Masurian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈtu]
  • Syllabification: tu

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. here

Mezquital Otomi[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Otomi *dų, from Proto-Otomian [Term?], from Proto-Oto-Pamean *tõ, from Proto-Oto-Manguean *ti(n).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu (intransitive)

  1. die

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. contain
  2. exist

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. owe

Middle English[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Alternative form of þou (“thou”)

Mirandese[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (the second-person singular pronoun)

Neapolitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (second-person singular nominative pronoun)

References[edit]

  • AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1653: “voglio che tu finisca” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

Nigerian Pidgin[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too
  2. very

Etymology 2[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

North Frisian[edit]

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. (Mooring) to
    • 1867, Kleine Mittheilungen. Zur Sammlung der Sagen, Märchen und Lieder, der Sitten und Gebräuche der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. Nachträge, herausgegeben von Dr. Handelmann in Jahrbücher für die Landeskunde der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg herausgegeben von der S. H. L. Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte. Band IX., p. 126 (Von der Insel Amrum. Mitgetheilt von Chr. Johansen)
      Gung am tu Sam
      Am an Tram;
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Northern Kurdish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Iranian *tuHám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Central Kurdish تۆ (to)
Southern Kurdish ت (ti)

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

See also[edit]

Kurmanji Kurdish personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ez (æz) em (æm)
2nd person tu (tu) hûn (huːn)
3rd person ew (æw) ew (æw)

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) Nonstandard form of ut or (“out from, out of”).

Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Occitan tu, from Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Old Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. here (at this place)
    Synonyms: tuto, tuž, tuže
    Coordinate term: tam

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *twō, neuter of *twai.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tū

  1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweġen

Old Galician-Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. thou, you (singular second person pronoun)

Descendants[edit]

  • Fala: tu
  • Galician: tu, ti
  • Portuguese: tu

Old Irish[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Alternative spelling of tú

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
tu thu tu
pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. here (at this place)
    Synonym: tuta
  2. here, hither (to this place)
  3. then (at that time)
  4. here (in this situation)

Descendants[edit]

  • Masurian: tu
  • Polish: tu

References[edit]

Old Swedish[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Alternative form of þū

Phalura[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit तुवम् (tuvam, “thou”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling توۡ)

  1. you (2sg nom subject or direct object)

References[edit]

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[9], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. here (at this place)
    Synonym: tutaj
    Coordinate term: tam
  2. here; hither (to this place)
    Synonym: tutaj
    Coordinate term: tam
  3. here; now (at this time)
    Synonym: tutaj

Particle[edit]

tu

  1. (colloquial, telephony) used by the speaker to introduce themselves on the telephone; speaking
    Synonyms: tutaj, z tej strony
    Tu Janek! ― Janek speaking!
  2. used by the speaker to indicate they are thinking
  3. (colloquial) expressive particle, usually of anger
  4. (colloquial) particle of uncertainty of success on the speaker's part

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), tu is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1-2 times in scientific texts, 42 times in news, 113 times in essays, 169 times in fiction, and 353 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 779 times, making it the 57th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “tu”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 614

Further reading[edit]

  • tu in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tu in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “TU”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30.03.2020
  • “TU”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.09.2008
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[10]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[11]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[12] (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 162

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: tu

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. (informal in Portugal, literary, archaic or regional in Brazil) you; thou (singular second person pronoun)
    Synonyms: (Brazil, formal) o senhor, (formal in Portugal, neutral in Brazil) você, (formal, archaic) vossa mercê, (formal, archaic) vosmecê, (formal, obsolete) vossemecê
  2. (Brazil, colloquial, proscribed) second-person singular prepositional pronoun
    Ela gosta de tu. ― She's into you.
Usage notes[edit]
  • Tu has fallen out of use in some regions of Brazil, including most of the Southeast and the Centre-West, where "você" has taken its place. It is still very commonly used in various regions of the country though, such as most of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, parts of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro city and most of the Northeast and North regions. It should be noted that in Rio de Janeiro the pronoun is frequently employed interchangeably with você. Despite the media's preference for "você", the usage of "tu" seems to have been gaining ground throughout the last few decades in Rio (see [13], a linguistic research on the topic in Portuguese), being most frequent among younger speakers.
  • According to grammars, tu should always take second person singular verbs, as is the case in Portugal and some parts of Brazil. However, in most Brazilian dialects which employ tu, it now takes third person singular verbs, like você.

See also[edit]

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Etymology 2[edit]

Interjection[edit]

tu

  1. (onomatopoeia) the sound produced by a telephone after one of the callers hangs up

Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Descendants[edit]

  • Kalo Finnish Romani: tu
  • Sinte Romani: tu
  • Welsh Romani: tu

See also[edit]

Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man manqe manθe manθar mança miro, -i, -e
Second — tu tut tuqe tuθe tuθar tuça tiro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pes pesqe pesθe pesθar peça pesqero, -i, -e
Third Masculine ov les lesqe lesθe lesθar leça lesqero, -i, -e
Feminine oj la laqe laθe laθar laça laqero, -i, -e
Plural First — amen amenqe amenθe amenθar amença amaro, -i, -e
Second — tumen tumenqe tumenθe tumenθar tumença tumaro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pen penqe penθe penθar pença penqero, -i, -e
Third — on len lenqe lenθe lenθar lença lenqero, -i, -e
Kalderash Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative (long and short forms) Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man, ma mánge mánde mándar mánsa múrro m, múrri f, múrre pl
Second — tu tut, tu túke túte tútar túsa tíro m, tíri f, tíre pl
Reflexive third — — pês, pe pêske pêste pêstar pêsa pêsko m, pêski f, pêske pl
Third Masculine wo lês, le lêske lêste lêstar lêsa lêsko m, lêski f, lêske pl
Feminine woi la, la láke láte látar lása láko m, láki f, láke pl
Plural First — ame amên, ame amênge amênde amêndar amênsa amáro m, amári f, amáre pl
Second — tume tumên, tume tumênge tumênde tumêndar tumênsa tumáro m, tumári f, tumáre pl
Reflexive third — — pên, pe pênge pênde pêndar pênsa pêngo m, pêngi f, pênge pl
Third — won lên, le lênge lênde lêndar lênsa lêngo m, lêngi f, lênge pl

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular), thou
    Synonyms: (semi-polite form) dumneata, (polite form) dumneavoastră

Declension[edit]

Declension
Nominative
tu
Accusative
stressed (pe) unstressed
tine te
Genitive
Singular Plural
m & n f m f & n
tău ta tăi tale
Dative
stressed unstressed
ție îți
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
tine te ție îți

See also[edit]

Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person
familiar 		m el ei
f ea ele
3rd person
polite 		m dumnealui dumnealor
f dumneaei

Sassarese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)
    Synonym: (formal, now rare) vosthè

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Savi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you; second-person singular and plural personal pronoun

References[edit]

  • Nina Knobloch (2020) A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎[14], Stockholm University

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (emphatic tusa)

  1. Form of thu (“thou, you”) used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh.

See also[edit]

Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
First person mi sinn mise sinne
Second person thu, tu1) sibh thusa, tusa1) sibhse
Third person m e iad esan iadsan
Third person f i ise
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
**) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.
1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

Adverb[edit]

tȗ (Cyrillic spelling ту̑)

  1. here (in this place)
    Tu nikad nismo bili. ― We have never been here.
  2. (proximal) here, over here (in the indicated place nearby)
    Eno ih tu! ― Here they are!
  3. over here (to, towards this place)
    Dođi tu! ― Come over here!

Synonyms[edit]

See also[edit]

Sicilian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (informal); thou

Inflection[edit]

nominative tu
prepositional tia
object, reflexive ti

Silesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Syllabification: tu

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. here (at this place)
    Synonyms: sam, tukej, samtukej
    Coordinate terms: (regional) hań, (Cieszyń) hanej, (Cieszyń) han, tam

Further reading[edit]

  • tu in silling.org

Sinte Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Sinte Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Slovene[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tȕ

  1. here, in this place

Synonyms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “tu”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “tu”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

South Slavey[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • (Jean Marie River) ti

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognates include Navajo tó and Chipewyan tuu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [tʰù(ʔ)]
  • Hyphenation: tu

Noun[edit]

tu (stem -tu-)

  1. water

Inflection[edit]

Possessive inflection of tu (-tué)
singular plural
1st person setué naxetué
2nd person netué
3rd person 1) — gitué
2) metué gotué
4th person yetué
reflexive sp. ɂedetué kedetué
unsp. detué
reciprocal — ɂełetué
indefinite ɂetué
areal gotué
1) Used when the subject is a group of human beings and the object is singular.
2) Used when the previous condition does not apply.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 90

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Indo-European *towos.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu sg (second person singular possessive of singular, of plural tus)

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of tuyo, your
    Synonym: (parts of Central and South America) su

Usage notes[edit]

  • The forms tu and tus are only used before and within the noun phrase of the modified noun. In other positions, a form of tuyo is used instead:
Son tus libros. ― They are your books.
Son los libros tuyos. ― They are your books. (literally, “They are the books of yours.”)

Besides being a pronoun, because tu occurs in a noun phrase and expresses reference, it also grammatically classifies as a determiner (specifically a possessive/genitive determiner).

Related terms[edit]

    Spanish possessive determiners
possessor preposed postposed or standalone
possessee possessee
singular plural singular plural
masculine feminine masculine feminine
First person: singular: mi mis mío mía míos mías
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) nuestro nuestra nuestros nuestras
Second person
(informal): 		singular: tu tus tuyo tuya tuyos tuyas
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) vuestro vuestra vuestros vuestras
Third person: su sus suyo suya suyos suyas

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Sranan Tongo[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Number[edit]

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too, also, as well
    Synonym: owktu

Sudovian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Compare Lithuanian tù, Latvian tu, Old Prussian tu, tou.[1][2]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. (second-person singular) you, thou

References[edit]

  1. ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, number 1, page 80: “tu ‘tu, l. ty’ 2.”
  2. ^ “tù” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. prn. tu du”.

Swahili[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. only

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse tvau, neuter nominative/accusative of tveir.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. (archaic, in the neuter) two
    Synonym: två

Usage notes[edit]

  • tu was the old neuter of två. Thus, one would say "ett hus" (one house), "tu hus" (two houses). The equivalent for the number three was try or tri, which is likewise archaic.

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Tanacross[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Jeff Leer, Proto-Athabaskan verb stem variation (1979), page 83

Tausug[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu.

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. right (not left)

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. right hand

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. three

Etymology 3[edit]

From Proto-Austronesian *tuduq.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. a drop

Verb[edit]

tu (used in the form magtu)

  1. to drip

Tày[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Tai *tuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ, Lao ຕູ (tū), Lü ᦎᦴ (ṫuu), Tai Dam ꪔꪴ, Shan တူ (tǔu), Tai Nüa ᥖᥧ (tu), Ahom 𑜄𑜥 (tū), Zhuang dou.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu (閗, 須)

  1. door

References[edit]

  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[15] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
  • Hoàng Văn Ma, Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
  • Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎[16][17] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

Tejalapan Zapotec[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. one

References[edit]

Timbe[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

Tocharian A[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Tocharian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognate with Tocharian B tuwe.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you, thou

Tok Pisin[edit]

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.
Tok Pisin numbers (edit)
20
 ←  1 2 3  → 
    Cardinal: tu

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two
Usage notes[edit]

Used when counting; see also tupela.

Coordinate terms[edit]
Tok Pisin cardinal numbers from 1 to 99
—0 —1 —2 —3 —4 —5 —6 —7 —8 —9
0— — wan tu tri foa faiv sikis seven et nain
1— ten eleven twelv tetin fotin fiftin sikistin seventin etin naintin
2— twenti tupela ten wan tupela ten tu tupela ten tri tupela ten foa tupela ten faiv tupela ten sikis tupela ten seven tupela ten et tupela ten nain
3— teti tripela ten wan tripela ten tu tripela ten tri tripela ten foa tripela ten faiv tripela ten sikis tripela ten seven tripela ten et tripela ten nain
4— foti fopela ten wan fopela ten tu fopela ten tri fopela ten foa fopela ten faiv fopela ten sikis fopela ten seven fopela ten et fopela ten nain
5— fifti faivpela ten wan faivpela ten tu faivpela ten tri faivpela ten foa faivpela ten faiv faivpela ten sikis faivpela ten seven faivpela ten et faivpela ten nain
6— sikisti sikispela ten wan sikispela ten tu sikispela ten tri sikispela ten foa sikispela ten faiv sikispela ten sikis sikispela ten seven sikispela ten et sikispela ten nain
7— seventi sevenpela ten wan sevenpela ten tu sevenpela ten tri sevenpela ten foa sevenpela ten faiv sevenpela ten sikis sevenpela ten seven sevenpela ten et sevenpela ten nain
8— eti etpela ten wan etpela ten tu etpela ten tri etpela ten foa etpela ten faiv etpela ten sikis etpela ten seven etpela ten et etpela ten nain
9— nainti nainpela ten wan nainpela ten tu nainpela ten tri nainpela ten foa nainpela ten faiv nainpela ten sikis nainpela ten seven nainpela ten et nainpela ten nain

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too; also; as well
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:
      God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.
      →New International Version translation
    • 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎[18], →ISBN, page 433:
      Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Tsuut'ina[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Navajo tó, Dogrib ti, Gwich'in chųų

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. water

References[edit]

Upper Kuskokwim[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Raymond L. Collins, Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (1979)

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 修.

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. (intransitive) to isolate oneself from other people to follow rules in a philosophy or religion
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. (transitive) to drink directly from a bottle by holding bottle mouth in one's mouth

Volapük[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English too.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. (degree) too, excessively.

Derived terms[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish tóeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Breton tu, Cornish tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu m (uncountable)

  1. side

Derived terms[edit]

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. beside, next to

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tu du nhu thu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Welsh Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

White Hmong[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *tɛŋH (“to snap”).[1]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to snap, break apart
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Not mentioned at all by Ratliff. Probably native Hmongic; perhaps distantly related to Old Chinese 填 (OC *diːn, *diːns, *tin, *tins, “to fill”)?”

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to look after, care for, prepare
  2. to clean, clear

References[edit]

  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎[19], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, pages 324-5.
  1. ^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 283.

Yale[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

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