Mild brain injury is one of the most common neurological a neurotraumatological diagnoses. The pathophysiological basis of mild brain injury is frequently a diffuse axonal damage of variable degree. In the acute phase of mild brain injury we have to identify 1% of patients who will undergo neurosurgery because of vital need. The analysis of patient's personal history, screening of risk factors, neuropsychological testing and imaging methods (CT, MRI) are irreplaceable in the diagnostic process of mild brain injury. Though the mild brain injury is currently considered as an irrelevant traumatic event, approximately 10% of patients develop the so-called post-concussion syndrome.