Abstract The Children Attachment Interview (EAN) is a new instrument based on story telling reports. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and basic psychometric properties of the EAN through exploratory factor analyses based on a sample of 115 Spanish children aged 8 to 13 years (63 % boys). Another two matched samples from the risk social population and clinical population were compared with the main sample in order to obtain criterial validity. Findings reveal a multi-internal structure composed of four factors that refer to children's reactions (positive, trustful, negative and mistrustful) and five factors that refer to child-attachment figure interactions (empathic, trustful, positive, rivalry and proarousal). Scales demonstrated adequate internal consistency. The comparison of scales between general and criterial groups, and correlations with related constructs indicate good construct validity.

Resumen La Entrevista de Apego para Niños (EAN) es un nuevo instrumento de evaluación del apego basado en un procedimiento de completar historias. El objetivo principal de este estudio se basa en el análisis de la estructura y las propiedades psicométricas del EAN a través de análisis factoriales exploratorios sobre una muestra constituida por 115 niños y niñas españoles de entre 8 y 13 años (63 % niños). Otras dos muestras procedentes de una población en situación de riesgo psicosocial y de una población clínica fueron comparadas con la muestra principal con el fin de obtener evidencias de validez criterial. Los resultados obtenidos revelan una estructura interna compuesta de 4 factores que se refieren a reacciones del niño (positiva, confiada, negativa y desconfiada) y cinco factores referidos a interacciones niño-figura de apego (empática, confiada, positiva, negativa y desconfiada). Las escalas han demostrada una adecuada consistencia interna. La comparación de las escalas entre el grupo general y los grupos criteriales, y las correlaciones con los constructos relacionados indicaron una buena validez de constructo.

Os exossomos sao microvesiculas derivadas apos exocitose que sao liberadas no espaco extracelular. As funcoes dos exossomos dependem, em grande medida, da celula da qual provem. Os exossomos derivados de celulas-tronco mesenquimais (Mesenchymal Stem Cells, MSCs), tal como as celulas de origem, possuem enorme potencial terapeutico, favorecendo a regeneracao ou reparo tissular e reduzindo a inflamacao,. Os promissores resultados pre-clinicos, utilizando estes exossomos, abriram as portas para a futura aplicacao clinica destas vesiculas. A criacao de novos protocolos que permitam o isolamento de exossomos para a sua aplicacao clinica e uma necessidade actual, levando em consideracao o enorme interesse surgido em torno dos resultados promissores em ensaios pre-clinicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar, em termos de rendimento, tamanho e pureza, diferentes metodos de isolamento de exossomos a partir de MSCs humanas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o uso de filtros concentradores para sobrenadantes de culturas poderia ser uma alternativa aos protocolos convencionais baseados na ultracentrifugacao. Os resultados deste trabalho fornecem uma orientacao na criacao de protocolos para a obtencao de exossomos derivados de MSCs em grau clinico.

Exosomes are small membranous vesicles secreted to the extracellular space by most cell types through an exocytic process. Exosomes’ functions vary depending on cell source. Mesenchymal stem-cell (MSCs) derived exosomes, as MSCs, present a huge therapeutic potential, as they can be used in tissue regeneration and modulating inflammatory processes. The promising results obtained with these exosomes in different preclinical trials have opened the door to the future clinical application of these microvesicles. The design of new protocols for the isolation of exosomes is currently a need. The aim of this work was to compare -in terms of efficiency, size and purity- different isolation protocols for human MSCs-derived exosomes. These results demonstrate that the use of concentrator filters for MSCs supernatants could be an alternative to conventional protocols based on ultracentrifugation. The results of this work will be used to guide in the design of protocols to be applied on a clinical-grade production of exosomes.

Los exosomas son microvesículas derivadas de la exocitosis que son liberados al espacio extracelular. Las funciones de los exosomas dependen en gran medida de la célula de la cual provienen. Los exosomas derivados de células madre mesenquimales (Mesenchymal Stem Cells, MSCs), al igual que las células de origen, poseen un enorme potencial terapéutico que favorece la regeneración tisular y reduce la inflamación. Los prometedores resultados preclínicos que emplean estos exosomas han abierto las puertas a la futura aplicación clínica de estas vesículas. El diseño de nuevos protocolos que permitan el aislamiento de exosomas para su aplicación clínica es una necesidad actual teniendo en cuenta el enorme interés que ha surgido a raíz de los prometedores resultados en ensayos preclínicos. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido comparar, en términos de rendimiento, tamaño y pureza, diferentes métodos de aislamiento de exosomas a partir de MSCs humanas. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el uso de filtros concentradores para sobrenadantes de cultivos podría ser una alternativa a los protocolos convencionales basados en la ultracentrifugación. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten orientar en el diseño de protocolos para la obtención de exosomas derivados de MSCs en grado clínico.

The increased speed and decreasing cost of sequencing, along with an understanding of the clinical relevance of emerging information for patient management, has led to an explosion of potential applications in healthcare. Currently, SNP arrays and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are relatively new techniques used to scan genomes for gains and losses, losses of heterozygosity (LOH), SNPs, and indel variants as well as to perform complete sequencing of a panel of candidate genes, the entire exome (whole exome sequencing) or even the whole genome. As a result, these new high-throughput technologies have facilitated progress in the understanding and diagnosis of genetic syndromes and cancers, two disorders traditionally considered to be separate diseases but that can share causal genetic alterations in a group of developmental disorders associated with congenital malformations and cancer risk. The purpose of this work is to review these syndromes as an example of a group of disorders that has been included in a panel of genes for NGS analysis. We also highlight the relationship between development and cancer and underline the connections between these syndromes.

Uno de los mayores inconvenientes en la extracción y purificación de biomoléculas a partir de plantas del género Coffea, es un alto contenido de polifenoles y compuestos tánicos. En el presente artículo se describe una metodología que permite obtener ADN de alta pureza. La extracción del ADN del homogeneizado de tejido foliar en siete genotipos de Coffea sp., se realizó mediante la técnica citada por Chaparro (1993) y su purificación se logró mediante cromatografía de exclusión molecular sobre una fase estacionaria de Sephacryl S-1000. Los resultados muestran que la alta eficiencia de separación de ARN degradado, proteínas, pigmentos y compuestos que absorben entre 220 y 300 nm, permiten obtener un ADN de alta pureza a juzgar por los datos espectrofotométricos y electroforéticos.

One of the greatest difficulties in extracting and purifying biomolecules from plants in the genus Coffea is the high polyphenol and tannin contents. In this study a methodology is described that allows obtaining high purity DNA from leaf tissues of seven genotypes of Coffea sp. by means of the technique desribed by Chaparro (1993) and its further purification was achieved by molecular exclusion chromatography on Sephacryl S-1000 (Pharmacia). The results showed that the high separation efficiency of degraded RNA, proteins, pigments, and other compounds that absorb between 220 and 300 nm allowed obtaining high purity DNA as judged by the spectophometric and electroforetic data.

Objectives: To identify and determine the circulation of dengue fever virus serotypes during the 2000-2001 outbreak in Coronel Portillo province, Ucayali department, Peru. Materials and Methods: Probable dengue fever cases who had their blood samples sent to the Peruvian National Institutes of Health for diagnosis confirmation were studied, and recent infection cases were determined using a capture IgM ELISA test (MAC-ELISA). Viral isolation was performed using cell cultures, and identification was achieved using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Results: 742 samples were assessed, 19,1% were found to be positive, 75,1% were undetermined, and 4,3% were negative. Of the positive samples, 52,8% were from women, and 66,9% of all cases were from persons between 11 and 40 years old. 42 viral isolates were obtained in cell culture, and 90,5% (38) of them were identified as serotype 3 whit IIF, and the four remaining were identified as serotype 1. Conclusions: During the dengue outbreak between 2000 and 2001 in Coronel Portillo province, dengue fever virus serotype 1 and mostly serotype 3 were circulating in the affected area.

Objetivos: identificar y determinar la circulación de los serotipos de virus dengue durante el brote producido entre los años 2000 y 2001 en la provincia de Coronel Portillo, departamento de Ucayali, Perú. Materiales y Métodos: Se trabajó con los casos probables de dengue que enviaron sus muestras al Instituto Nacional de Salud para su confirmación diagnóstica, se determinaron los casos de infección reciente a partir de ELISA de captura de IgM (MAC-ELISA), se realizó el aislamiento en cultivos de células y la identificación por inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI). Resultados: Se procesaron un total de 742 muestras, se obtuvo que 19,1% resultaron positivos, 75,1% indeterminados 4,3% negativos. De las muestras positivas, 52,8% fueron mujeres y la población entre 11 a 40 años representó 66,9% de casos. Se realizaron 42 aislamientos en cultivo celular, identificando por IFI a 90,5%(38) como serotipo 3 y al restante (4) como serotipo 1. Conclusiones: Durante el brote de dengue ocurrido entre los años 2000 y 2001 en la provincia de Coronel Portillo circularon dengue serotipo 1 y mayoritariamente el serotipo 3.