This bibliography is a list of all the works I have seen dealing with evidentiality in one way or another. It includes general articles on evidentiality, studies dealing with a single language, and unpublished manuscripts. Not included are grammars of languages with evidentials. If you have a reference to an article or study not mentioned here, please let me know.

Evidentiality bibliography

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., and R.M.W. Dixon (1998). Evidentials and Areal Typology: A case study from Amazonia. Language Sciences.

Akatsuka, Noriko (1985). Conditionals and the Epistemic Scale. Language 61, 625-39.

Aksu-Koç, Ayhan A. (2000). Some aspects of the acquisition of evidentials in Turkish. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 15-28.

Aksu-Koç, Ayhan A. and Dan I. Slobin (1986). A Psychological Account of the Development and Use of Evidentials in Turkish. In Chafe and Nichols, 159-67.

Anderson, Lloyd B. (1986). Evidentials, Paths of Change, and Mental Maps: Typologically Regular Asymmetries. In Chafe and Nichols, 273-312.

Aoki, Haruo (1986). Evidentials in Japanese. In Chafe and Nichols, 223-38.

Barnes, Janet (1984). Evidentials in the Tuyuca Verb. International Journal of American Linguistics 50, 255-71.

Bashir, Elena (1988). Inferentiality in Kalasha and Khowar. CLS 24, 47-59.

Bastürk, Mehmed, Laurent Danon-Boileau, Mary-Annick Morel (1996). Valeur de -mis en Turc contemporain, analyse sur corpus. In Guentchéva (ed.), 145-54.

Bendix, Edward H. (1992). The grammaticalization of responsibility and evidence: interactional manipulation of evidential categories in Newari. In Jane H. Hill and Judith T. Irvine (eds.) Responsibility and evidence in oral discourse. Cambridge: CUP, 226-47.

Bendix, Edward H. (1998). Irrealis as Category, Meaning , or Reference. Anthropological Linguistics 40, 245-56.

Boeder, Winfried (2000). Evidentiality in Georgian. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 275-328.

Botne, Robert (1995). The pronominal origin of an evidential. Diachronica 12:201-21.

Botne, Robert (1997). Evidentiality and epistemic modality in Lega. Studies in Language 21, 509-32.

Broadwell, George Aaron (1991). Speaker and Self in Choctaw. IJAL 57, 411-25.

Bulut, Christinane (2000). Indirectivity in Kurmanji. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 147-84.

Bybee, Joan (1985). Morphology: A Study of the Relation between Meaning and Form. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Bybee, Joan, Revere Perkins and William Pagliuca (1994). The Evolution of Grammar: Tense, Aspect, and Modality in the Languages of the World. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Camargo, Eliane (1996). Valeurs médiatives en Caxinauá. In Guentchéva (ed.), 271-84.

Carlson, Barry F., and John Thomas (1979). The Nitinaht Inferential. Anthropological Linguistics 21, 317-27.

Chafe, Wallace (1986). Evidentiality in English Conversation and academic writing. In Chafe and Nichols, 261-72.

Chafe, Wallace and Johanna Nichols, eds. (1986). Evidentiality: the Linguistic Coding of Epistemology. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Chang, In-bong (1996). Représentation médiate d'un suffixe verbale, -teo-, en Coréen contemporain. In Guentchéva (ed.), 183-94.

Comrie, Bernard (2000). Evidentials: semantics and history. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 1-13.

Dahl, Östen (1985). Tense and Aspect Systems. Oxford: Blackwell.

Dahl, Östen, ed. (2000). Tense and Aspect in the Languages of Europe. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter (EUROTYP 6).

Davidsen-Nielsen, Niels (1990). Tense and Mood in English. A Comparison with Danish. Berlin:Mouton De Gruyter.

Dwyer, Arienne (2000). Direct and indirect experience in Salar. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 45-60.

De Haan, Ferdinand (1997a). The Interaction of Modality and Negation: a Typological Study. New York:Garland (1994 USC Ph.D. thesis).

De Haan, Ferdinand (1997b). Evidentiality in Dutch. Unpublished Ms.

De Haan, Ferdinand (1998a). The Category of Evidentiality.

De Haan, Ferdinand (1998b). Visual evidentiality and its origins.

De Haan, Ferdinand (1999a). Evidentiality and Epistemic Modality: Setting Boundaries. Southwest Journal of Linguistics 18, 83-101.

De Haan, Ferdinand (1999b). Evidentiality in Dutch. Proceedings of the 25th Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 74-85.

De Haan, Ferdinand (2001a). The Cognitive Basis of Visual Evidentials. In Alan Cienki, Barbara J. Luka, and Michael B. Smith (eds.) Conceptual and Discourse Factors in Linguistic Structure. Stanford: CSLI Publications, 91-106.

De Haan, Ferdinand (2001b). The Place of Inference within the Evidential System. IJAL 67,193-219.

DeLancey, Scott (1985). Lhasa Tibetan evidentials and the semantics of causation. BLS 11, 65-72.

DeLancey, Scott (1986). Evidentiality and volitionality in Tibetan. In Chafe and Nichols, 203-13.

DeLancey, Scott (1990). A note on evidentiality in Hare. IJAL 56, 152-8.

DeLancey, Scott (1997). Mirativity: The Grammatical Marking of Unexpected Information. Linguistic Typology 1, 33-52.

Dendale, Patrick (n.d.). Le conditionnel de l’information incertaine: marqueur modal ou marqueur évidentiel? In Proceedings of the XXe Congres de Linguistique et Philologie Romanes, Tome I, 165-76.

Dendale, Patrick (1994). Devoir: marqueur modal ou évidentiel? Langue Française 102, 24-40.

Dendale, Patrick, Walter De Mulder (1996). Déduction ou abduction: le cas de devoir inférentiel. In Guentchéva (ed.), 305-18.

Dik, Simon, and Kees Hengeveld (1991). The hierarchical structure of the clause and the typology of perception verb complements. Linguistics 29, 231-59.

Donabédian, Anaid (1996). Pour une Interprétation des différentes valeurs du médiatif an Arménien Occidental. In Guentchéva 1996, 87-108.

Drapeau, Lynn. (1984). Le traitement de l'information chez les Montagnais. Recherches Amerindiennes au Québec 14(4): 24-35.

Drapeau, Lynn. (1996). Conjurors. The use of evidentials in Montagnais secondhand narratives. In: John Nichols & Arden Ogg (eds.) nikotwflorinsik iskwflorinhtem, paskihtepayih! Studies in Honour of H.C. Wolfart. Winnipeg: Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics, Memoir 13. 171-194.

Droste, F.G. (1956). Moeten: een structureel semantische studie. Groningen: J.B. Wolters.

Du Bois, Jack W. (1986). Self-Evidence and Ritual Speech. In Chafe and Nichols, 313-36.

Duchet, Jean-Louis & Remzi Përnaska (1996). L'Admiratif Albanais : Recherche d'un Invariant Semantique. In Guentchéva (ed.), 31-46.

Escobar, Anna Maria (1994). Evidential Uses in the Spanish of Quechua Speakers in Peru. Southwest Journal of Linguistics 13, 21-44.

Fernandez-Vest, M.M.J. (1996). De médiatif Finno-Ougrien: Mode Oblique en Estonien, particules en Finnois et en Same. In Guentchéva (ed.) 169-82.

Feuillet, Jack (1996). Réflexions sur les valeurs du mediatif. In Guentchéva 1996, 71-86.

Fielder, Grace E. (1999). The origin of evidentiality in the Balkans: Linguistic Convergence or Conceptual Convergence? Mediterranean language review 11, 59-89.

Floyd, Rick (1996). The Radial Structure of the Wanka Reportative. In Cognitive Linguistics in the Redwoods: the Expansion of a new Paradigm in Linguistics, 895-941. Mouton: DeGruyter.

Floyd, Rick (1999). The Structure of Evidential Categories in Wanka Quechua. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington.

Frajzyngier, Zygmunt (1985). Truth and the Indicative Sentence. Studies in Language 9, 243-54.

Frajzyngier, Zygmunt (1987). Truth and the compositionality principle:A reply to Palmer. Studies in Language 11, 211-6.

Friedman, Victor A. (1978). On the semantic and morphological Influence of Turkish on Balkan Slavic. CLS 14, 108-18.

Friedman, Victor A. (1979). Toward a typology of Status: georgian and other non-Slavic languages of the Soviet Union. CLS 15 parasession, 339-50.

Friedman, Victor A. (1985). Balkan Romani modality and other Balkan languages. Folia Slavica 7:3, 381-389.

Friedman, Victor (1986). Evidentiality in the Balkans: Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Albanian. In Chafe and Nichols, 168-87.

Friedman, Victor A. (1999). Proverbial Evidentiality: On the Gnomic Uses of the Category of Status in Languages of the Balkans and the Caucasus. Mediterranean Language Review 11, 135-55.

Friedman, Victor A. (2000). Confirmative/nonconfirmative in Balkan Slavic, Balkan Romance, and Albanian with additional observations on Turkish, Romani, Georgian, and Lak. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 329-66.

Genetti, Carol (1986). The grammaticalization of the Newari verb tol. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 9, 53-69.

Givón, Talmy (1982). Evidentiality and epistemic space. Studies in Language 6:23-49.

Givón, Talmy, and Alexandre Kimenyi (1974). Truth, Belief and Doubt in Kinyarwanda. Studies in African Linguistics, Supplement 5, 95-113.

Gordon, Lynn (1980). Evidentials in Maricopa. In James E. Redden (ed.) Proceedings of the 1980 Hokan languages Workshop. SIU Occasional Papers in Linguistics 9, 59-69. Carbondale: SIU.

Gordon, Lynn (1986). The Development of Evidentials in Maricopa. In Chafe and Nichols, 75-88.

Gren-Eklund, Gunilla (2000). Evidentiality and typology: grammatical functions of particles in Burmese and the early stages of Indo-European languages. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 367-82.

Guentchéva, Zlatka (1996). L' Énonciation Médiatisée. Louvain-Paris:Peeters.

Guentchéva, Zlatka (1996). Le Médiatif en Bulgare. In Guentchéva (ed.), 47-70.

Haarmann, Harald. (1970). Die indirekte Erlebnisform als grammatische Kategorie. Eine Eurasische Isoglosse. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Hardman, Martha James (1986). Data-source marking in the Jaqi languages. In Chafe and Nichols, 113-36.

Hargreaves, David (1990). Indexical functions and grammatical sub-systems in Kathmandu Newari. CLS 26, 179-93.

Harris, Alice C. and Lyle Campbell (1995). Historical Syntax in Cross-linguistic Perspective. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Hewitt, B.G. (1979). The expression of inferentiality in Abkhaz. Journal of Linguistics 15, 87-92.

Hoff, B.J. (1986). Evidentiality in Carib: Particles, Affixes, and a Variant of Wackernagel's Law. Lingua 69, 49-103.

Horie, Kaoru (1992). Typological study of perception/cognition verb complements: a cognitive approach. Ms. University of Southern California

Isaksson, Bo (2000). Expressions of evidentiality in two Semitic languages - Hebrew and Arabic. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 383-400.

Izvorski, Roumyana (1997). The Present Perfect as an Epistemic Modal. Proceedings of SALT 7, Stanford.

Jacobs, Peter (1996). Le médiatif en Squamish: le caractère inhérent de degré du certain. In Guentchéva (ed.), 249-58.

Jacobsen, William H. (1986). The Heterogeneity of Evidentials in Makah. In Chafe and Nichols, 3-28.

Jahani, Carina (2000). Expressions of indirectivity in spoken Modern Persian. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 185-208.

Jakobson, Roman (1957). Shifters, Verbal categories, and the Russian Verb. In Selected Writings 2. The Hague:Mouton, 131-47.

Jacquesson, François (1996). Histoire de médiatif en Sibérie Orientale. In Guentchéva (ed.), 215-32.

Johanson, Lars (1996). On Bulgarian and Turkic indirectives. In N. Boretzky, W. Enninger and Th. Stolz (eds.) Areale, Kontakte, Dialekte. Sprache und ihre Dynamik in mehrsprachigen Situationen. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 84-94.

Johanson, Lars, and Bo Utas, eds. (2000). Evidentials: Turkic, Iranian and Neighbouring Languages. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter (Empirical Approaches to Language Typology 24).

Johanson, Lars (2000). Turkic indirectives. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 61-88.

Kamio, Akio. (1997) Evidentiality and some discourse characteristics in Japanese. In Kamio (ed), Directions in Functional Linguistics. John Benjamins, 1997. pp. 145-171.

Kiral, Filiz (2000). Reflections on -miş in Khalaj. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 89-102.

Kirsner, Robert S. (1969). The role of zullen in the grammar of modern Standard Dutch. Lingua 24, 101-54.

Kozintseva, N.A. (1994). Kategorija evidentsial’nosti (problemy tipologicheskogo analiza). Voprosy Jazykoznanija, 92-104.

Kozintseva, Natalia (2000). Perfect forms as a means of expressing evidentiality in Modern Eastern Armenian. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 401-18.

Kroskrity, Paul V. (1993). How to "Speak the Past": an Evidential Particle and the Text-Building of Traditional Stories. Chapter 6 of Language, History, and Identity: Ethnolinguistic Studies of the Arizona Tewa. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 143-76.

Lazard, Gilbert (1996). Le Médiatif en Persan. In Guentchéva (ed.), 21-30.

Lazard, Gilbert (2000). Le médiatif: considérations théoriques et application à l’iranien. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 209-28.

Lee, D. Demetracopoulou (1944). Linguistic Reflection of Wintu thought. IJAL 10, 181-7.

Leinonen, Marja (2000). Evidentiality in Komi Zyryan. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 419-40.

MacDonald, Lorna (1990). Evidentiality in Tauya. Language and Linguistics in Melanesia 21, 31-46.

Malchukov, Andrej L. (2000). Perfect, evidentiality and related categories in Tungusic languages. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 441-70.

Matlock, Teenie (1989). Metaphor and the Grammaticalization of Evidentials. BLS 15, 215-25.

Matras, Yaron. (1994). Untersuchungen zu Grammatik und Diskurs des Romanes: Dialekt der KelderaTaua/Lovara. Berlin/Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Matras, Yaron. (1995). Verb evidentials and their discourse function in Vlach narratives. In: Matras, Yaron (ed.). Romani in Contact. The history, structure and sociology of a language. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 95-123.

Malone, Terrell (1988). The Origin and Development of Tuyuca Evidentials. International Journal of American Linguistics 54, 119-40.

Matthews, Stephen (1998). Evidentiality and mirativity in Cantonese: wo5, wo4, wo3! Unpublished Ms., University of Hong Kong.

McLendon, Sally (1981). Clitics, Clauses, Closure, and Discourse in Eastern Pomo. BLS, 637-46.

Mennecier, Philippe, Bernadette Robbe (1996). La médiatisation dans le discours des Inuit. In Guentchéva (ed.), 233-48.

Menz, Astrid (2000). Indirectivity in Gagauz. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 103-14.

Meydan, Métiyé (1996). Les emplois Médiatifs de -mis en Turc. In Guentchéva (ed.), 125-144.

Michailovsky, Boyd (1996). L'Inférentiel du Népali. In Guentchéva (ed.), 109-124.

Mithun, Marianne (1986). Evidential Diachrony in Northern Iroquoian. In Chafe and Nichols, 89-112.

Nichols, Johanna (1986). The bottom line: Chinese Pidgin Russian. In Chafe and Nichols, 239-57.

Nikolaeva, Irina. (1999). The semantics of Northern Khanty Evidentials. Journal de la Societe Finno-Ougrienne 88, 131-59.

Nuckolls, Janis B. (1993). The semantics of certainty in Quechua and its implications for a cultural epistemology. Language in Society 22, 235-55.

Nuyts, Jan (1994). Epistemic Modal Qualifications. On their Linguistic and Conceptual structure. Antwerp papers in Linguistics 81.

Oswalt, Robert L. (1986). The Evidential System of Kashaya. In Chafe and Nichols, 29-45.

Palmer, Frank R. (1986). Mood and Modality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Palmer, Frank R. (1987). Truth Indicative? Studies in Language 11,206-10.

Perrot, Jean (1996). Un Médiatif Ouralien: L' auditif en Samoyède Nenets. In Guentchéva (ed.), 157-68.

Perry, John R. (2000). Epistemic verb forms in Persian of Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 229-58.

Rakhilina, Ekaterina V. (1996). Jakoby comme procédé de médiatisation en Russe. In Guentchéva (ed.), 299-304.

Ramat, Paolo (1996). "Allegedly, John is ill again": stratégies pour le médiatif. In Guentchéva (ed.), 287-98.

Saxena, Anju (1997). Aspect and Evidential Morphology in Standard Lhasa Tibetan: a Diachronic Study. Cahiers de Linguistique - Asie Orientale 26:281-306.

Saxena, Anju (2000). Evidentiality in Kinnauri. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 471-81.

Schlichter, Alice (1986). The Origin and Deictic Nature of Wintu Evidentials. In Chafe and Nichols, 46-59.

Schroeder, Christoph (2000). Between resultative, historical and inferential: non-finite -mIş forms in Turkish. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 115-44.

Slobin, Dan, and Ayhan Aksu (1982). Tense, Aspect, and Modality in the use of the Turkish evidential. In Paul Hopper (ed.) Tense-Aspect: Between Semantics and Pragmatics. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 185-200.

Sun, Jackson T.-S. (1993). Evidentials in Amdo Tibetan. Li shih yèu yen yen chiu so chi k°an 63(4), 945-1001.

Sweetser, Eve E. (1990). From etymology to pragmatics: Metaphorical and cultural aspects of semantic structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tasmowski, Liliane, and Patrick Dendale (1994). Pouvoir: un Marqueur d’évidentialité. Langue Française 102, 41-55.

Taylor, Gerald (1996). Les particules modales en Quechua. In Guentchéva (ed.), 259-70.

Thurgood, Graham (1981). The historical development of the Akha evidentials system. BLS 7, 295-302.

Thurgood, Graham (1986). The Nature and Origins of the Akha Evidentials System. In Chafe and Nichols, 214-222.

Tournadre, Nicolas (1996). Comparison des Systèmes médiatifs de quatre dialectes Tibétains (Tibétain Central, Ladakhi, Dzongkha et Amdo). In Guentchéva (ed), 195-214.

Traugott, Elizabeth Closs (1989). On the Rise of Epistemic meanings in English: an example of Subjectification in Semantic change. Language 65, 31-55.

Utas, Bo (2000). Traces of evidentiality in Classical New Persian. In Johanson and Utas (eds.), 259-73.

Van der Auwera, Johan, and Vladimir A. Plungian (1998). On Modality'’s Semantic Map. Linguistic Typology 2:1.

Weber, David J. (1986). Information Perspective, Profile, and Patterns in Quechua. In Chafe and Nichols, 137-55.

Whistler, Kenneth W. (1986). Evidentials in Patwin. In Chafe and Nichols, 60-74.

Wiemer, Bjoern (1998). Pragmatical Inferences at the threshold to grammaticalization - The case of Lithuanian predicative participles and their functions. Linguistica Baltica 7, 229-43.

Wierzbicka, Anna (1994). Semantics and Epistemology: The Meaning of 'Evidentials' in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Language Sciences 16, 81-137.

Willett, Thomas L. (1988). A Cross-Linguistic Survey of the Grammaticization of Evidentiality. Studies in Language 12, 51-97.

Woodbury, Anthony (1986). Interactions of tense and evidentiality: A study of Sherpa and English. Chafe and Nichols, 188-202.

Comments to Ferdinand de Haan

Last modified September 13, 2001

Thanks to:
Alexandra Aikhenvald
Peter Bakker
Rick Floyd
Teenie Matlock
Steve Matthews

Irina Nikolaeva
Björn Wiemer