From the March 10, 2011 issue

How We Know

Freeman Dyson

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The public has a distorted view of science, because children are taught in school that science is a collection of firmly established truths. In fact, science is not a collection of truths. It is a continuing exploration of mysteries. Wherever we go exploring in the world around us, we find mysteries. Our planet is covered by continents and oceans whose origin we cannot explain. Our atmosphere is constantly stirred by poorly understood disturbances that we call weather and climate. The visible matter in the universe is outweighed by a much larger quantity of dark invisible matter that we do not understand at all. The origin of life is a total mystery, and so is the existence of human consciousness. We have no clear idea how the electrical discharges occurring in nerve cells in our brains are connected with our feelings and desires and actions.

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From the Archive: July 15, 2004

The Truth About the Drug Companies

Marcia Angell

Every day Americans are subjected to a barrage of advertising by the pharmaceutical industry. Mixed in with the pitches for a particular drug—usually featuring beautiful people enjoying themselves in the great outdoors—is a more general message. Boiled down to its essentials, it is this: “Yes, prescription drugs are expensive, but that shows how valuable they are. Besides, our research and development costs are enormous, and we need to cover them somehow. As ‘research-based’ companies, we turn out a steady stream of innovative medicines that lengthen life, enhance its quality, and avert more expensive medical care. You are the beneficiaries of this ongoing achievement of the American free enterprise system, so be grateful, quit whining, and pay up.” More prosaically, what the industry is saying is that you get what you pay for.

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Exchange

The Invention of Love’: An Exchange

Tom Stoppard, reply by Daniel Mendelsohn

To the Editors:

In his article on A.E. Housman and my play The Invention of Love [NYR, August 10], Daniel Mendelsohn clamps a hat of his own devising on my head and then imperiously chides me for wearing it. I believe he has an inkling of this. “Superficially, at least,” he writes, “[Stoppard] seems to honor his subject’s intellectual energy and love of learning for its own sake ...

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