blank

Voice of America ®

A Trusted Source of News & Information since 1942

Inside VOA | Contact VOA News

  • March 02, 2011
  • Latest News:

Europe RSS Feeds RSS Feed

Amid Chechnya's Islamic Revival, Some Women Live in Fear

Young women pray in the Heart of Chechnya mosque during Friday Prayer
Photo: D. Markosian

Young women pray in the Heart of Chechnya mosque during Friday Prayer

Share This

Related Articles

At the entrance to a school in Grozny, the capital of Russia’ s Chechen republic, two security guards grip their guns as they order a woman to cover her head before walking into class.

“ You can’ t go inside with your head like that,” one of them yells, tapping his AK-47.

The young student rumbles inside her purse before pulling out a black silk scarf.

“Is this better?” she asks, covering up her entire head with the scarf, matching her kohl-lined
eyes.

Under the Russia-backed leader Ramzan Kadyrov, Chechnya is swiftly becoming a conservative Muslim state, a sharp change from the officially atheist Soviet Union when women in the Caucasus burnt their headscarves. Many Chechen women here are the first in three generations to cover their heads.

Slideshow of Diana Markosian's photos

This has coincided with the almost complete disappearance of the ethnic Russian population in Chechnya. At the time of the Soviet collapse, 20 years ago, ethnic Russians account for 30 percent of Chechnya's population. Today, they are less than one percent.

But now, “the headscarf is a symbol of purity and worth,” says Malika Omarova, head of the
Union of Chechen Women in Grozny. “ When I was a student, I never wore a headscarf, not one person forced me. But, I want our women to wear them - it is in our blood. That is what makes us Chechen.”

The Russian republic of Chechnya has seen two brutal separatist wars in the last two decades, with atrocities committed by both rebels and Moscow’ s federal forces.

Strongman Ramzan Kadyrov, a former rebel who changed sides after the first war, has brought a semblance of stability to Chechnya, helped by massive investment by the Kremlin. But this stability is matched with a resurgence of Islamic belief and practice.

In today’s Chechnya of cafes and fashion boutiques, the mandatory headscarf symbolizes this Islamic revival.

“ Chechnya is already among one of the world's most repressive societies, with the state
controlling almost every aspect of daily life," wrote Jennifer Windsor of Freedom House in a
report on Chechnya.

The battle is being played out in universities, state buildings and now in the street, where a wave of attacks last year took place on women for not wearing headscarves. Kadyrov denies his men were involved.

“ I don’ t know [who they are], but when I find them I shall announce my gratitude,”  Kadyrov told the state-run regional television channel Grozny. He called the victims of the paintball attacks “ naked women” who had most likely been forewarned. “ Even if they were carried out with my permission, I wouldn’ t be ashamed of it,” he said of the paint-ball attacks.

Kadyrov’ s efforts to enforce a dress code have angered rights activists in Moscow who say such rules violate Russia’ s constitution.

But few women dare to challenge Kadyrov's rule in this southern border region of more than one million people.

Zalina, a 19-year-old student and hair stylist, says wearing a headscarf is not really a choice.

“ I don’ t see the point in wearing it,” says the student, whose long dark hair flows out from under her head covering. “But if I don’ t, I know I will be punished. I am scared of that.”

Comments (43)

24-02-2011 hamad part 1 of 3 (oman)

Who wrote this article meant deliberately to frighten West of Islamic principles whereas France which claims democracy prevented Muslim ladies from wearing headscarf and practice their religion .In my country , ladies wear scare proudly by their choice . Moreover , They have different wonderful styles to wear headscarf and nothing is wrong on that .

24-02-2011 hamad part 3 of 3 (oman)

Chechen has the right to separate as Kosovo and Southern Sudan but because they are Muslim , Nobody pays attentions to their rights .If Chechnya is already among one of the world's most repressive societies , What we can say about Israel ? People have the right to practice their religion however they want . I do not want to comment on this photo but our ladies like to maintain their shyness more than other society and I do not think that is wrong .

24-02-2011 Stephanie (USA)

Oh yes, yes...hijab is a choice. Until it isn't! Hahahaaa, tell me another one! We don't believe your lies about Islam's wonderfulness and peacefulness anymore....every day the reports of the ATROCITIES carried out to further this totalitarian, political ideology prove your lies are just that: LIES! Furthermore, Jihadists are targeting us, the citizens of countries around the world...not our military, but us, regular citizens going about our daily business! We will fight back.

24-02-2011 Hamburglar (Somalia)

Kadyrov is a monster, death squads,private prisons,torture,murder, kidnapping, I think that stuff is more of a problem then head scarves. Forcing women to do things under threat of violence is gross. Fundamentalist religion in general is the problem.

24-02-2011 Omar

Isn't islamisation GREAT, ladies? And btw, there's a reason the most reasonable and tolerant islamic societies have outlawed the veil in some venues . . . It allows societal room for women who do not want to cover and indicates that political islam is subservient to the state which honors a broader interest. Once you lose that free space, it ceases to be a "choice" and becomes a matter of life and death if you refuse. How despicable.

24-02-2011 Godwin (Nigeria)

Some contributors in these columns need their heads examined. As for Kadirov, did I hear him say gratitude? Indeed! Now Gadhaffi is crying out against bin ladden. Not to worry, the extremism you're beckoning on will visit you in ways you may not imagine. You should not think you can be more stubborn than Gadhafi or Amadinejad, only prepare to destroy half of your country to defend religious extremism.

24-02-2011

Stephanie i want to see the coward and losers americans fighting back after the defeat in irak and afghanistan

24-02-2011 Aucklander

Facial veils, headscarves and obligations to cover every curve are A DEEP INSULT TO WOMEN, telling us that somehow a woman 'invites' sexual attack. They are also A DEEP INSULT TO MEN, telling us that men are animal enough to rape if they see a woman's body or hair. Women AND men, stand up against this disgusting insult! Do not allow this to take hold in the west. No facial covering of any sort in all public places for safety reasons, anyway.

24-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

Chechnya is fast becoming another totalitarian state and Muslim too. What a surprise! Women again being abused and told what to wear. Disgusting. Reminds me of Oman and Iran as well as about 25 more Muslim areas of the world.

24-02-2011 Emily (USA)

Stephanie, I'm completely with you. The horrific idealogy of islam will be fought, and these limp listed 'men' that need to have an AK-47 to threaten a woman will be laughed at as the jokes they are. Hamad, save yourself. Research islam and its atrocities, and how it has stagnated your societies for over a thousand years. We will not let it happen here, despite how wonderful you seem to think it is. Mohammed was hardly a good example of humanity *shudder*

25-02-2011 Abu Abdurrrahman (Duniya)

To the Islamophobes, Please I ask you to study just the basics of Islam; why in Islam it is a obligation for women to cover their hair, what is the purpose of the Shariah, most of all why Islam was sent to this world, etc, because people like yourselves do not what you are attacking physically or intellectually, I again ask you Bani Adam (children of Adam) to research, do not judge a book by it's cover; is it not a western phrase, and just one last thing, why is the west so scared of Islam?

25-02-2011 Pyotr (Siberia)

Dont think Chechnya is becoming a totalitarian muslim state, the whole Russia, everywhere more or less, is becoming totalitarian. There are 83 republics and regions of Russia, and everyone is controlled by some gang backed up by Moscow. They rob people, transfer money to West banks, and they all want Russians to be religeous, whatever orthodox or muslim, because that is the simplest way to lead people into submission.

25-02-2011 Cromulent (USA)

Abdurrrahman: did it ever occur to you that we have indeed studied Islam and find it repellent? I've got two translations of the Quran and a copy of Umdat Al-Salik. And with every hour of study my dread increases.

25-02-2011 UnArmed (Kosovo)

I would like to point out that Kosovo is predominantly Muslim. But the people here tend to be significantly more moderate than most other Muslim nations and would never stand for a fundamentalist State.

25-02-2011 hamad part 2 of 3+extra (oman)

Now , VOA resorts to depict headscarf of Muslim ladies as shameful repressive ethic whereas Monks in church wear scarf as semblance of purity and loyalty . It tends to defame Islamic principles in order to satisfy the whims of Zionists but it does not dare to discuss how minorities in Israel have been suffering from extremists Zionists . It is too hard to disclose how minorities have been exposed to discriminate and segregate inside Israel .

25-02-2011 hamad part extra (oman)

People in Chechen have been suppressed aggressively by Russia regime but we have not heard UN or the US pay attention to their rights , Why ? Where are human right watch and other organizations to talk about the human rights of those vulnerable people ? Human rights summon just when Israel like and all principles and moral evaporate when Vulnerable people need . And then they wonder why people in Wisconsin and other states are protesting those days against those contradictions .

25-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

@Muslim's: I HAVE READ THE QU'RAN AND THEN WAS INVITED TO STUDY SHARI'A WHICH I FOUND DISGUSTING AND SHAMEFUL. SHARI'A IS A MEDIEVAL MENTALITY THAT DISCRIMINATES AND ALLOWS, NOT ONLY ABUSE, BUT MURDER IN THE NAME OF ALLAH? FOOLISH!

25-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

Christians do NOT form large groups of murderers to kill everyone in the world like Muslim Jihadists. In fact, by Muslim's calling them Jihadist tells the world what they do is acceptable behavior. They should be known as Fadist; killers of innocents.

25-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

@Hamad & Abu: Islam fails because of its inseparable connection to Shari'a. Shari'a keeps people in tyranny, subservient to insane mullahs and abusive, insane men. Get rid of Shari'a and you have true Islam. With Shari'a you have no one who follows the Qu'ran or ALLAH and makes a mockery of Muhammed.

25-02-2011 Sans (USA)

Shari'a is death to Islam. It holds people in bondage, it allows abuse of women, allows 9 year old girls into marriage where they are raped and abused,treats non-Muslim's as dogs, and murders free speech as blasphemy. Shari'a shows Islam as ugly and deadly.

25-02-2011 Ami (USA)

All I can think is that Abu and Hamad don't have a clue as to what the world sees concerning Sharia. Of course they are males who will be participants in its disgusting continuance. There are even some brain-washed or threatened, Muslim women who speak out for it. How sad!

25-02-2011 Javelin (USA)

@Hamad; you always turn every posting into rants and raves against Israel and the US. You're pathetic and predictable! Kosovo didn't bomb anyone. Chechens do! Terrorists will never be supported by the West. Let them all die by Russian guns.

25-02-2011 Dicey (USA)

@Hamad...I have followed you making commentary and note that you always twist everything to complain about Israel and the US. I wonder, is Oman any better. Your Caboose is a tyrant and you never talk about how the Omani people are oppressed. Afraid?

25-02-2011 Khanatta (Uzbekistan)

@Hamad People only have the right to practice their religion as they want if the people have a right to choose their religion and they are not harming or being unjust, or taking dignity away from others. Shari'a destroys both the Muslim and non-Muslim freedoms.

25-02-2011 Mogoudab (North Africa)

Slavery destroys the enslaved, but the one who is most enslaved and receives the most damage, is the slave owner. Shari'a is like that also. It destroys Islam and Muslim people, causes hate and dissension. It is a curse of Shaitan.

27-02-2011 MUHAMMAD ASHRAF (USA)

I think if the whole world adapts the policy of non interfiernce,there will be peace the real peace in the world.The major voilaters of this policy is the non muslim world,what pain it will give to the people of America or other countries if the people of pakistan or chechenia want to live according to sharria laws .live and let live dont force your idiolgy on others will bring a real peace to the whole world.

27-02-2011 Muhammad Ashraf (USA)

If some one calculates the people killed by Aamerica in Iraq just for oil &people; marteried in afghanistan for epension of teritorie,it will count more then the history of human being.Wont it be good to expend your idiolgy by preaching in stead of killing opposite belivers.

27-02-2011 Muhammad Ashraf (USA)

If some one calculates the people killed by Aamerica in Iraq just for oil &people; marteried in afghanistan for epension of teritorie,it will count more then the history of human being.Wont it be good to expend your idiolgy by preaching in stead of killing opposite belivers.

27-02-2011 Muhammad Ashraf (USA)

i have no hesitation to accept thaat there are some musims who misrepresented islam a holy deed Jihad particularly,but jihad did not kill that many people as aamerica,russia or other expensionists did.usamas first training was by America.

28-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

@Ashraf aka Hamad: you quite obviously are not well educated and have been raised by hateful mullahs. Since the year 2000 more people world wide have been killed by Muslim's! And most of those killed have been Muslim by suicide bombers.

28-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

Today, no one follows Islam, Muhammed, or the Qu'ran which says: do not kill people of the book, do not kill innocents, do not kill Muslim, to kill one human is to kill all of humanity. But everyday I see Muslim's kill Muslim's, innocents, many humans, and Christians and Jews.

28-02-2011 Merlin (USA)

@Ashraf: Why do you call them jihadist when they are not! They violate every word in the Qu'ran. They are FADIST, killers of innocents. They send children and women, with bombs, to kill other innocent humans. Muslim's disobey ALLAH.

28-02-2011 Sans (USA)

Shari'a is what Muslim's die for. It denies free speech, press, religion, and keeps females in bondage, allows old men to marry up to four little 9 years old girls, and forces taxes on non-Muslim who cannot join military or hold top government positions. How very insane and ugly is Shari'a.

28-02-2011 Khanatta (Uzbekistan)

Iam Muslim. I know and hate Shari'a because it keeps Muslim's from entering the new ages. Shari'a is for ancient days and the world view of Shari'a is horrifying at its use.

28-02-2011 Ami (USA)

@Ashraf. America gets little oil from Iraq. Most of that oil goes to EU. USA gets most of its oil from Canada, the rest from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and our own oil in the USA. We have very little to do with any Muslim nation concerning oil. Also more Muslim's killed in Pak & Afghan by Taliban and Al Qaida then NATO.

28-02-2011 Mogoudab (North Africa)

As a Muslim I must speak for truth and thankfully praise ALLAH. Islam suffers now from radical mufadeen who murder in the name of ALLAH. Shari'a causes great shame on Islam and violates our HOLY QU'RAN. If Shari'a opposes Qu'ran which do you think is right?

28-02-2011 Muhammad Ashraf (USA)

Thanks too many to all who red my comments .Merline, i had confessed in the beginning that some muslims miss represent islam,further more there is no country where "sharia" is implemented in its ful sence.Even in saudi arabia it is to protect the royal family.the woman in islam has more rights than in the west,but in diffrent way. Unluckily those rights are not given to them.Practice doesnot superseeds "PRINCIPLE'.THANKS.

28-02-2011 MUHAMMAD ASHRAF (USA)

To my truth I dont hate any body,I love humanbeing we are all from adam creature of same god.that is why i said "live&let; live"and noninterfierence .The figures i gave are correct to my knowledge> I have nothing doing with mullas,i learnt my belief from quran&sunna.Thanks.;

01-03-2011 Tandok (Malaysia)

Where there are muslims there are wars and hatred. Look at The Philippines, southern Thailand, Xinjiang, Kashmir, Kenya, the Middle East, etc.

01-03-2011 Merlin (USA)

I was glad to read your post. I do not hate anyone either, but I do HATE Shari'a as the work of Shaitan, not ALLAH. And I HATE mufadeen who murder innocents under the guise of Islam and Muslim's who fail to speak out against these mufadeen Jinn, children of Shaitan.

01-03-2011 Merlin (USA)

@Ashraf: And I still stand by my firm belief, held also by millions in the West, that most Muslim's are killed by Muslim terrorists. Suicide is violation of Islam, but women and children carry bombs that kill many other Muslim's. Does ALLAH will that? Maybe ALLAH has sent these Jinn to bring Muslim's back to the true faith, with LOVE, not Shari'a.

01-03-2011 Miriam (Earth)

Dear muslims and christians, they were not us who invented wars and hatred. It is just our nature. May be if I start fighting with our own bad nature the world will become a bit better and less shameful to live in) with love

01-03-2011 Muhammad Ashraf (USA)

Merlin ,I also feel delighted to here from you that you also dont hate any body but sharia, with your permission I would like to add that dont hate sharia also ,unluckily we muslims are missusing this word sharia means the way god told to live.all goden books guide the way of living that is actual meaning of sharia,not the act of followers .for example all religion teach dont kill any body,but in Iraq afghanistan,veitnam,world world !&2 the figure totals in millions..

Post Your Comment

* Required



By using this form you agree to the following: All comments will be reviewed before posting. Be aware - not all submissions will be posted. VOA has the right to use your comments worldwide in any VOA produced media. Terms & Conditions

Most-Viewed Articles

Most E-mailed Articles