United States Institute of Peace

The Iran Primer

Politics
Supreme Leader: Sadjadpour
Six Presidents: Bakhash
Parliament: Farhi

Assembly of Experts: Farhi
Judiciary: Ghaemi
Clergy: Khalaji
Iran's Islam: Cole
Iran's Democracy: Brumberg

Opposition
Green Movement: Milani
Women: Esfandiari
Youth: Memarian/Nesvaderani
New Political Tools: Abdo

 

Military
Revolutionary Guards: Nader
Basij Force: Alfoneh
Conventional MilitaryCordesman
Military Doctrine: Connell

 

Economy
Economy: Maloney
Oil Sector: Mohamedi

Oil & Gas Charts: Mohamedi
Subsidies: Nikou
The Bazaar: Harris

 

Policy Options 
Reading IranLaipson
Engaging IranDobbins
DiplomacyDiMaggio
ContainmentPollack
Military OptionZakheim

 

 

The Challenge of Iran:

Robin Wright

 

 

Headlines & Highlights

 
The Iran Primer: Power, Politics and U.S. Policy

 

Nuclear Controversy
Nuclear Program: Albright/Stricker
Nuclear Politics: Chubin
Ballistic Missiles: Elleman
The IAEA: Adler

 

 Sanctions 

U.S. SanctionsClawson
U.N. ResolutionsStarr
Financial SanctionsLevitt

 

Sanctions-Details

U.S. Sanctions: Starr

Rights SanctionsWright

U.N. Resolutions: Starr

 

Iran & the Region
Iraq: Eisenstadt
Afghanistan: Milani
The Gulf: Molavi
Turkey: Barkey
Israel: Simon
Palestinians: Brandenburg
Syria: Goodarzi
Lebanon: Hokayem
China: Park
Russia: Katz

European Union: Posch
Other Allies: Heydemann

 

 

 

U.S. - Iran
Carter Presidency: Sick
Reagan Presidency: Kemp
Bush I Presidency: Haass
Clinton Presidency: Riedel
Bush II Presidency: Hadley
Obama Presidency: Limbert

 

 

 

People, Places and Events
Power Structure: Boroujerdi/ Rahimkhani
Political Elite: Boroujerdi/ Rahimkhani
Political Timeline: Nikou
Diplomatic Timeline: Nikou
Military Timeline: Nikou
Nuclear Timeline: Nikou
Nuclear sites: Nikou

 

Information sources: Nikou
About the Authors

Iran Factbox

 

Land borders

  • Afghanistan - 585 miles

  • Armenia - 22 miles

  • Azerbaijan-Nakhchivan exclave - 112 miles

  • Azerbaijan - 270 miles

  • Iraq - 911 miles

  • Pakistan - 568 miles

  • Turkmenistan - 620 miles

  • Turkey - 312 miles

 

2010 population:

74.5 million

 

Ethnic divisions:

  • Persian 51 percent
  • Azeri 24 percent
  • Gilaki and Mazandarani 8 percent
  • Kurd 7 percent
  • Arab 3 percent
  • Lur 2 percent
  • Baloch 2 percent
  • Turkmen 2 percent
  • Other 1 percent

 

Religious divisions[1]:

  • Muslims 98 percent:
    • Shiite 89 percent
    • Sunni 9 percent
  • Other significant minorities-based on varying estimates:
    • Baha'i - 300,000-350,000
    • Jews - 20,000-30,000
    • Christians (mainly Assyrian and Armenian churches) - 300,000
    • Zoroastrians - 35,000 to 60,000

 

Bordering bodies of water:

  • Caspian Sea - 462 miles
  • Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman - 1,525 miles

 


[1] According to U.S. State Department's "International Religious Freedom Report 2006."

The Iran Project

   “The Iran Primer: Power, Politics and U.S. Policy” is an unprecedented project by 50 of the world’s top scholars on Iran representing some 20 foreign policy think tanks, eight universities, and senior foreign policy officials from six U.S. administrations. The book has no single political perspective or agenda, as the authors approach the subjects with a wide range of views.

 

   They include scholars at the US Institute of Peace, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the Council on Foreign Relations, Brookings Institution, Rand Corp, International Institute for Strategic Studies, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Asia Society, the Center for Strategic and International Studies, American Enterprise Institute, the Institute for Science and International Security, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, New America Foundation, Stimson Center, Center for Naval Analyses, Nixon Center, The Century Foundation, International and Foreign Policy Institute (Berlin), the Foreign Policy Research Institute, and several universities, including Stanford, Michigan, Columbia, Johns Hopkins, Georgetown, Syracuse, and the U.S. Naval Academy.

 

   Two of the authors are former U.N. weapons inspectors. And the national security adviser or top National Security official in charge of Iran from six presidencies also contributed chapters on what happened between the United States and Iran during that administration.

 

   The book is also a living website project, as the entire book is available free on the web. It will also be constantly updated. The goal is to provide information about the many complex sides of a country with which the United States has not had relations for more than three decades.

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