Jan 10th 2012, 18:10 by E.G. | AUSTIN
LAW enforcement makes for strange and occasionally uneasy alliances. Beginning in January 2007, according to a report from the New York Times, a Colombian informant made contact with and began working with associates of Harold Mauricio Poveda-Ortega, a major cocaine trafficker. The informant was also working with agents from America's Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), which has, in turn, been working with Mexican law enforcement in an effort to expand its role in Mexico's drug war. Over the next ten months, the informant would work his way up in the organisation, winning greater confidence and acquiring greater responsibility. Undercover agents, posing as pilots or other business associates, helped. All told, the law enforcement agents helped smuggle millions of dollars in cash, and helped coordinate a number of wire transfers. At one point they tested a 330kg shipment of cocaine for purity, in Dallas, before sending it on to Madrid (where it was seized by Spanish authorities, who had been tipped off by the DEA).
There is a strong argument for such cooperation. By tacitly allowing some traffic, of drugs or money, law enforcement officials could follow these transactions some way up the river in the hopes of nearing a source, or substantiating a legal case against him. That appears to be what has happened here. Mr Poveda-Ortega escaped a raid in 2008, but was captured in 2010, in Mexico City. Mexico has agreed to extradite him to the United States, and to that end, has prepared some documents. That includes the documents that the report is based on, which were originally obtained by emeequis, a Mexican magazine, and shared with the Times. The latter goes on:
Shown copies of the documents, a Justice Department spokesman did not dispute their authenticity, but declined to make an official available to speak about them. But in a written statement, the D.E.A. strongly defended its activities, saying that they had allowed the authorities in Mexico to kill or capture dozens of high-ranking and midlevel traffickers.
“Transnational organized groups can be defeated only by transnational law enforcement cooperation,” the agency wrote. “Such cooperation requires that law enforcement agencies — often from multiple countries — coordinate their activities, while at the same time always acting within their respective laws and authorities.”
At the same time, such collaboration makes many people uneasy—particularly in the wake of Operation Fast and Furious, the controversial programme from America's Department of Justice, under which federal agents working in the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) allowed known straw buyers in Arizona to make off with some 2,000 guns, several hundred of which have subsequently been recovered at crime scenes. There are, to be fair, major differences in the two. The most obvious is that money and drugs are not, in themselves, as dangerous as weapons. That was the glaring conceptual problem with Fast and Furious, which has been shut down and is being investigated by Congress. Secondly, the money-laundering operation described here depended on cooperation between American and Mexican officials, meaning that whatever the wisdom of the project, the judgment was mutual on the part of the respective law enforcement agencies.
The report also dramatises some of the challenges of Mexico's war against its drug-trafficking organisations, a daunting and seemingly intractable conflict in which gains by law enforcement are often offset by a corresponding setback or spasm of violence as the gangs battle for primacy against one another. It may be that this operation was crucial to the capture of Mr Poveda-Ortega, who had been a major supplier for Arturo Beltrán Leyva, a gang head who was killed in a raid in 2009. But as this paper explained in 2010, that victory for law enforcement triggered a bloody succession struggle within his organisation, and a turf war among the rival organisations. In the face of such a vicious circle, it is no surprise that law enforcement agencies are taking some risks.
In this blog, our correspondents provide reporting, analysis and opinion on politics, economics, society and culture in Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada.
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Sorry Zerge you logic does not make sense, the chances are not the
same as in the as the US. Does the US have over 45,000, people that
were killed by the mafia in the last 5 years? NO! Did 45,000 people
die from H1N1? I dont think so. And for that reason I do not go around
horseplaying on the roofs of tall buildings, Zerge.
Being a young male does increase you chances of being affected by the
violence. Most people fighiting on either side whether the Narcos side
or the Army are YOUNG MALES.
The violence is not soley from the Cartels, the Army has misidentified
people too. Young males in the areas affected by the violence DO have
to worry about being mis identified as Cartel members by either the
Narcos or the Army.
Zerge, Narcos dont wear badges to identify themselves, they look like
ordinary people, they try to blend in, therfore being a young male in
the areas afflicted does indeed put you at higher risk than the rest
of the population.
Zerge, please answer this question, are a Mexican or American citizen?
I agree with you to some extent, Walker. However, I would like to make a couple of comments. First of all, I’m not Mexican and do not know Mexico political and economic history well enough as to say that:
«Tossing Calderon out of office and replacing him with someone else would be the best things for the Mexicans to do if they want to end their so-called “War on Drugs”. »
even if that “someone else” is the PRI.
Secondly, you say that legalising drugs, as Vicente Fox has suggested repeatedly,
«…ignores the political realities of the USA where the broken government there cannot even agree on a budget.»
which suggests, although is not clear to me why, that it is just a case of political bickering. By the way, Fox has also said that, and I quote, «it is the U.S.A. that has to stop the flow of drugs, not Mexico.», which takes me to the third and final point.
Your assertion that:
«The best way for the Mexicans to deal with the violence is to simply stand down the army and allow drugs to pass freely through their country»
is a gross oversimplification, for it ignores the nature and modus operandi of organised crime.
Since your recommendation is rather similar to the one made by John Ackerman, a Mexican analyst, I would like to attach the comment I made to an article he wrote in Spanish last December. A similar, early version in English appeared in The Guardian here: http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/feb/18/drugs-tra...
Here is the comment:
I've just read your article ‘No Más Guerra’
http://www.diario.com.mx/notas.php?f=2011/02/12&id=fa187053219b7d2cdb237...
and I'm rather puzzled by your recommendation, that is, to pay little attention to the shipment of drugs to the US. I agree with your characterisation of the US anti drug policies and how hypocritical, complacent and self serving the US (and for that matter all major drug consuming countries in the world) have been when it comes to the consumption vis à vis the production of drugs.
It reminds me of what Gary Becker, the 1992 Nobel Laureate in Economics, says in its article “The American War on Drugs is Not Only an American Disaster”:
«No one has estimated the social cost of American drug policy on Mexico, Colombia, and other countries, but it has to be immense. Perhaps THESE COUNTRIES SHOULD JUST ALLOW DRUGS TO BE SHIPPED TO THE US, AND PUT THE FULL BURDEN OF STOPPING THESE SHIPMENTS ON AMERICAN ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES. The American government would protest, but such a result would provide a clearer picture to the American people of the full cost of current policy, including the major costs imposed on other countries. One can hope that then we will get a serious rethinking of the American war on drugs, and some real political movement toward decriminalization and legalization of various drugs.» (my emphasis)
Leaving aside for a moment the expected and unavoidable retaliation of the "international community", that is the US, should Mexico take alone such measure, it seems to me that your recommendation, please do not take it the wrong way, is a gross simplification. Despite what you say, it is equivalent to making a pact with the “narcos”. If past experiences are anything to go by, think of Colombia and the Medellín and Cali cartels, as long as the narcos continue having access (in this case almost free access) to the extraordinary revenues drug trafficking generates, such an agreement will only strengthen the narcos capacity to wreck havoc on the Mexican society via corruption, blackmail and violence.
Assuming that your recommendation is viable, and I am not sure it is, a better strategy would be to legalise the distribution, and for that matter the production too, and regulate them and tax them.
Gart Valenc
twitter: @gartvalenc
http://www.stopthewarondrugs.org
«The best way for the Mexicans to deal with the violence is to simply stand down the army and allow drugs to pass freely through their country»
I don't see how it is a gross oversimplification, as you say. That is EXACTLY what the Mexican government used to do before 2006, and that is EXACTLY what the US, and all other countries in the world, do.
Is it not obvious? Tons upon tons of drugs cross the border into the US, and magically materialize in every corner, school and club of the US. Clearly the US lets drug dealers move unopposed across its territory.
As soon as Calderon is out of office, I'm willing to bet that that's exactly what the new president of Mexico will do.
"such an agreement will only strengthen the narcos capacity to wreck havoc on the Mexican society via corruption, blackmail and violence."
Let me comment on this part too.
Corruption of police forces is only necessary when the cartels are opposed. If they are not opposed, the cartels would have no need to corrupt anyone. Just like in the US.
Violence is the result of opposing the cartels, and destroying their structure. They break down into mini-cartels who fight each other. If you leave them alone, they eventually will estabilize, divide the traffic routes, and get back to their business. Just like in the US.
Organized crime is like a river; it cannot be stopped, just redirected to minimize its impact to society. The US learned this lesson decades ago, and so did Mexico. All this mess is a transitory state generated by president Calderon's well meaning but misguided zeal.
If you read the whole comment you will see the reason I call it a gross oversimplification.
Gart Valenc
twitter: @gartvalenc
http://www.stopthewarondrugs.org
I couldn't disagree more, zerge. But then, this is an issue that has divided and continue dividing opinion across countries and amongst all sorts of experts and analysts. If I recall it correctly, a rather poignant (sarcastic?) name was given in Colombia to the army of experts offering advice on how to understand and solve the violence in their country: violentólogos.
Probably you already know these two articles written by "Mexican violentólogos", but if you don't, I strongly recommend you to read them carefully.
http://www.nexos.com.mx/?P=leerarticulo&Article=2102505
http://www.nexos.com.mx/?P=leerarticulo&Article=2102417
Needless to say,I do not agree with everything they say, but it only goes to show how complex and slippery the issue is.
Gart Valenc
twitter: @gartvalenc
http://www.stopthewarondrugs.org
Here is what the Mexicans should do to stop the war on drugs: http://www.gringolandiasantiago.com/2012/01/17/how-to-end-the-war-on-drugs/
@ zerge, I agree, after 4 years and 50,000 dead people, hearing about the violence in Mexico does get old. Doesnt mean that we should tolerate it and not continue reading and writing about it
Saddly, I am from Mexico and I have not returned since 2008 when I started college because of the violence. Instead my parents and brothers moved to here. I just graduated from university in Texas, instead of thinking about a future in Mexico, I will pursue a law degree in USA.
There no direct flights to my hometown, and the highways in the "frontera" are too unsafe to attempt via car or bus. (entire bus's disapear, and 300+ unclaimed bagage) I could take a flight to Mexico City, and then a bus, but thats still a litle dangerous. No matter how litle the chances are, I will not put myself in a situation where any chances of held up and decapitaded, only for being a young male.
Luckily, most of the younger generation in my family has dual citizenship, although they all still live in Mexico. It is only now because of the violence that they are comming to USA to study. I suspect once they are all here they will like it a lot more and not go back to Mexico.
Too bad for Mexico, its loosing many people from its middle and upper classes who are the best educated, have money, but who also have the means to leave!
Cowards leave, patriots stay. What can I say.
The chances of you being decapitated by cartels, "only for being a young male", is zero. Cartels are not decapitating people randomly; their actions, while criminal, have a logic behind. They decapitate members of rival gangs to send a message to their rivals.
Under your logic, are you not afraid then of being the victim of a Mafia hit, living in the US?
Those who are getting killed in Mexico are not getting killed for being members of the group called "people", or "Mexicans", or "young males". They belong to the group "drug cartels". Therefore, if you do not belong to a drug cartel, you have little to fear. Sure you could get caught in a crossfire; you could also get run over by a bus, catch H1N1 and die, or fall off a window from a toll building by accident. But all that can also happen to you in the US, and it's very unlikely.
So, if you want to abandon your country and stay in the US that's fine, not a problem. But don't come up with lame excuses for it.
Sorry Zerge you logic does not make sense, the chances are not the
same as in the as the US. Does the US have over 45,000, people that
were killed by the mafia in the last 5 years? NO! Did 45,000 people
die from H1N1? I dont think so. And for that reason I do not go around
horseplaying on the roofs of tall buildings, Zerge.
Being a young male does increase you chances of being affected by the
violence. Most people fighiting on either side whether the Narcos side
or the Army are YOUNG MALES.
The violence is not soley from the Cartels, the Army has misidentified
people too. Young males in the areas affected by the violence DO have
to worry about being mis identified as Cartel members by either the
Narcos or the Army.
Zerge, Narcos dont wear badges to identify themselves, they look like
ordinary people, they try to blend in, therfore being a young male in
the areas afflicted does indeed put you at higher risk than the rest
of the population.
Zerge, please answer this question, are you a Mexican or American citizen?
Saddly, I am from Mexico and I have not returned since 2008 because of the violence. I just graduated from university in Texas, instead of thinking about a future in Mexico, I will pursue a law degree in USA.
There no direct flights to my hometown, and the highways in the "frontera" are too unsafe to attempt via car or bus. (entire bus's disapear, and 300+ unclaimed bagage) I could take a flight to Mexico City, and then a bus, but thats still a litle dangerous. No matter how litle the chances are, I will not put myself in a situation where any chances of held up and decapitaded, only for being a young male.
Luckily, most of the younger generation in my family has dual citizenship, although they all still live in Mexico. It is only now because of the violence that they are comming to USA to study. I suspect once they are all here they will like it a lot more and not go back to Mexico.
Too bad for Mexico, its loosing many people from its middle and upper classes who are the best educated, have money, but who also have the means to leave!
For the USA? well TX and the south west were once part of mexico...
Another article on Mexico's drug war, TE? Do you have nothing interesting to say about Mexico's economy? Would you like some tips? Have you noticed that this article has been up for a couple of days and nobody has commented anything?
I do sympathise with your anger at reading another article about (your country?)México. It is disheartening to have to read bad news after bad news, knowing that México is much more than drug trafficking, death and violence. I am not a Latin American citizen, but it angers and saddens me to witness the horrendous effects Prohibition & the War on Drugs is having, not only in México, but in many other drug producing/distibuting countries. That's why I have been trying to call the attention, of anyone who cares to listen, to the need to seek the end of the prohibitionist regime and replace it with one that do not criminalise the production, distribution and consumption of drugs. To replace it with one that takes a more rational, efficient and effective approach: the legalisation and regulation of the whole chain of the drugs market. I believe is the only way to stop the suffering, destruction and violence of countries like yours. And I apologise for the role my country, the UK, has played and continue to play in all that.
Gart Valenc
http://www.stopthewarondrugs.org
twitter: @gartvalenc
Hi Gart,
One you see a policy in place that is clearly insane, you can only wonder if there are ulterior motives behind it.
You seem to react like a typical Mexican government stooge...
Hi Zerge, thanks for your comment. I'm The Economist's Mexico correspondent, and the author of most of our Mexico coverage (though not this piece, as it happens).
Getting the right balance in our drug-war coverage is something we think about a lot. I've just done a quick count of our Mexico stories in the print edition since July, and we've published four about drugs or crime, versus 11 on other subjects (including a three-pager on the economy).
Given that opinion polls frequently show that insecurity is the issue that matters most to Mexican voters, I don't think this ratio is skewed. But thanks as ever for your comments.
Thanks for your response.
It feels skewed because when you are not talking about Mexico's economy, you default into crime, instead of other non-economics, non-crime subjects, like for other countries.
Plus the articles on the drug war are trite; new analysis is welcome, but you basically repeat what all other media outlets are saying, or at least that's my perception. Maybe I read too much.
Actually, only two of the sample above were about economics (a third was about the trucking dispute, which you might also include). The remaining seven - about half the total - covered non-crime, non-economic subjects.
Thanks again. Over and out!