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Famine in Africa
Spiers, BE IN: Satellite Remote Sensing for Agricultural Projects. World Bank
Technical Paper No. 128. World Bank Publications, Washington, DC.
1990. p 115-119.
Sudan and the Sahelian region of Africa experienced a multiyear
drought during the early 1980s. The Sudanese government and
officials of the food donor nations were greatly concerned that
even though it appeared that the country as a whole might have a
grain production surplus, indications were that localized deficits
would occur. These areas needed to be identified and relief
measures taken. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) data , coupled
with information about cropping patterns, was used to estimated
the 1985 sorghum and millet crop areas for the eastern Sudan. The
project area covered approximately 51.4 million acres, and
cropping practices are typically either part of several large
irrigation projects, fixed crop rotations, large dryland
parastatal farms, or share-cropping areas. Intensive and extensive
ground observations were gathered in the project area, using 12
Landsat images, aerial photographs, and ground data. MSS digital
data, using computer compatible tapes (CCTs) and 1:1 ,000,000
false color transparencies, of the 12 scenes were received within
one week of acquisition. Digital classification procedures tend to
overestimate vegetative classes. A formal accuracy assessment was
not performed during this project due to lack of systematically
collected ground truth and time constraints. The official millet
and grain sorghum area for mechanized-demarcated acreage published
in late 1986 was 7.2 million acres, and the satellite-based
estimate of December 1985 was 6.6 million acres, a difference of
less than 8%. The application of Landsat-MSS satellite data was
ideal for this project because of the large fields, almost
single-crop agriculture, and uniform growth stage. The total cost
for the remote sensing project was less than $1.50 (US) per sq mi
of the total area surveyed. (See also W91-10084) (Fish-PTT)
Descriptors: Africa | Agricultural engineering | Crop production | Drought
effects | Landsat images | Remote sensing | Sahel | Satellite
technology | Sudan | Crop yield | Cropland | Data acquisition | Data
collections | Grain crops | Sorghum
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