Reference Works

Edited by: Marie-José Wijntjes

The African Studies Companion Online is an invaluable tool for scholars in African Studies. It contains over 1800 entries covering guides and resources for African languages, Africa cartography and maps, African film, African studies journals, magazines and newsletters, media guides and news sources for Africa, the African press, African studies library collections worldwide, national archives in Africa, centers of African studies and African studies programs worldwide, awards and prizes in African studies, and a wealth of other subjects. Many entries describe and evaluate resources, others are factual and provide practical information. With a few exceptions, all entries directly link to the internet.

Easy to search and navigate, African Studies Companion Online is the best starting point for students and professionals in African Studies.

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Edited by: Andreas Mehler, Henning Melber and Klaas van Walraven

Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara.

The Africa Yearbook covers major domestic political developments, the foreign policy and socio-economic trends in sub-Sahara Africa – all related to developments in one calendar year. The Africa Yearbook contains articles on all sub-Saharan states, each of the four sub-regions (West, Central, Eastern, Southern Africa) focusing on major cross-border developments and sub-regional organizations as well as one article on continental developments and one on European-African relations.

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Arabic Literature of Africa Online (ALAO) is a bio-bibliography on the Arabic manuscript tradition in the African continent, which continued well into the 20th century CE. It offers authoritative information about African authors, the texts they wrote in Arabic, the manuscripts in which these texts are found, and the locations of these manuscripts, together with bibliographical references to the literature. Arabic Literature of Africa Online complements Brockelmann’s Geschichte der Arabischen Litteratur (GAL) and is an indispensable reference work for students of Islamic cultures in Africa and of Islamic manuscripts in general.

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Edited by: Philip Ford (†), Jan Bloemendal and Charles Fantazzi

With its striking range and penetrating depth, Brill’s Encyclopaedia of the Neo-Latin World traces the enduring history and wide-ranging cultural influence of Neo-Latin, the form of Latin that originated in the Italian Renaissance and persists to the modern era. Featuring original contributions by a host of distinguished international scholars, this comprehensive reference work explores every aspect of the civilized world from literature and law to philosophy and the sciences.

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Managing Editor English Edition: Daniel Leese

Brill’s Encyclopedia of China Online is based on the originally a thousand-page reference work on China with a clear focus on the modern period from the mid-nineteenth century to the 21st century. Written by the world’s top scholars, Brill’s Encyclopedia of China is the first place to look for reliable information on the history, geography, society, economy, politics, science, and culture of China.

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Edited by: Knut A. Jacobsen (Editor-in-Chief), University of Bergen, and Helene Basu, University of Münster, Angelika Malinar, University of Zürich, Vasudha Narayanan, University of Florida (Associate Editors)

Brill’s Encyclopedia of Hinduism presents the latest research on all the main aspects of the Hindu traditions. Its essays are original work written by the world’s foremost scholars on Hinduism. The encyclopedia presents a balanced and even-handed view of Hinduism, recognizing the divergent perspectives and methods in the academic study of a religion that is both an ancient historical tradition and a flourishing tradition today. The encyclopedia embraces the greatest possible diversity, plurality, and heterogeneity, thus emphasizing that Hinduism encompasses a variety of regional traditions as well as a global world religion. Presenting all essays and research from the heralded printed edition, Brill’s Encyclopedia of Hinduism is now available in a fully searchable, dynamic digital format. The service will include all content from the six printed volumes..

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Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)

Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.

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The 96 contributions in Brill’s New Pauly Supplement 7: Historical Figures from Antiquity depict the survival of great characters from Antiquity to the modern world. Each article presents an overview of the latest research on what we know concerning the lives of the historical person or legendary figure and then recounts the reception of these figures throughout history, giving special attention on the viewpoints in the early modern and contemporary periods.

Edited by: Walter Eder and Johannes Renger
From the Mesopotamian kings in around 3000 BC to the Bishops and Patriarchs of Late Antiquity, Chronologies of the Ancient World lists all rulers and dynasties that made their mark on ancient history. This supplement to Brill’s New Pauly enriches the information from the encyclopedia with its exhaustive lists of names, dates and facts about the people who shaped the ancient world.
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Edited by: Manfred Landfester
The Dictionary of Greek and Latin Authors and Texts gives a clear overview of authors and Major Works of Greek and Latin literature, and their history in written tradition, from Late Antiquity until present: papyri, manuscripts, Scholia, early and contemporary authoritative editions, translations and comments.

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Edited by: Anne Wittke, Eckhart Olshausen and Richard Szydlak
This new atlas of the ancient world illustrates the political, economic, social and cultural developments in the ancient Near East, the Mediterranean world, the Byzantine Empire, the Islamic world and the Holy Roman Empire from the 3rd millennium BC until the 15th century AD.

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Edited by: Maria Moog-Grünewald
The Reception of Myth and Mythology highlights the routes and works through which the myths of Greece and Rome have passed into the cultural memory of Europe over the centuries, into its literature, music and art and its reflections on aesthetics and philosophy.

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Edited by: Christine Walde
In collaboration with: Brigitte Egger

The Reception of Classical Literature , a Supplement to Brill’s New Pauly gives an overview of the reception and influence of ancient literary works on the literature, art and music from Antiquity to the present.

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Edited by: Peter Kuhlmann (Göttingen) and Helmuth Schneider (Kassel)

This compendium gives a comprehensive overview of the history of classical studies. Alphabetically arranged, it provides biographies of over 700 scholars from the fourteenth century onwards who have made their mark on the study of Antiquity. These include the lives, careers and works of classical philologists, archaeologists, ancient historians, students of epigraphy, numismatics, papyrology, Egyptology and the Ancient Near East, philosophers, anthropologists, social scientists, art historians, collectors and writers. The biographies put the scholars in their social, political and cultural contexts while focusing on their scholarly achievements and their contributions to modern classical scholarship.

Carl Brockelmann

Brockelmann Online consists of both original volumes Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur (GAL) by Carl Brockelmann (1868-1956), as well as the three supplement volumes, including the indexes. Brockelmann’s Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur offers bio-bibliographic information about works written in Arabic and their authors, with an emphasis on the classical period. This originally multivolume reference work is divided in chronologically organized sections, which are subdivided by literary genre. Individual entries typically consist of a biographical section and a list of the author’s works in manuscript and print, with references to secondary literature.

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The former Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Yearbooks have become part of the Chinese Research Perspectives series. As before the focus is on the six research areas: Economy, Education, Environment, Law, Population and Labor, and Society. The selection of contributions covers developments in China of particular interest to a Western (non-Chinese speaking) audience and occasionally differs from the Chinese-language yearbooks. The selected materials continue to provide Western readers with firsthand insights into the discussions of China’s top scholars on contemporary issues in their country.

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General Editors: David Thomas and John Chesworth
Associate Editors: John Azumah, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt

Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general history of relations between the two faiths as this is represented in works written by Christians and Muslims about the other and against the other. It covers all parts of the world in the period 1500-1914. Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online comprises thousands of comprehensive entries on individual works and their authors, together with introductory essays to the periods and areas covered, making it the fullest available source in this field.

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General Editor: David Thomas, Alex Mallett
Associate Editors: Juan Pedro Monferrer-Sala, Johannes Pahlitzsch, Barbara Roggema, Mark Swanson, Herman Teule and John Tolan
 
Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general online history of relations between the faiths. It covers the period from 600 to 1500, when encounters took place through the extended Mediterranean basin and are recorded in Syriac, Arabic, Greek, Latin and other languages. Christian Muslim Relations Online comprises introductory essays on the treatment of Christians in the Qur’an, Qur’an commentaries, biographies of the Prophet, Hadith and Sunni law, and of Muslims in canon law, and the main body of more than two hundred detailed entries on all the works recorded, whether surviving or lost.

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Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).

Der Neue Pauly – published in print by Metzler Verlag – is the most complete and most authoritative modern encyclopedia of the ancient world currently available. In nearly 20,000 entries it covers two thousand years of history and culture of Greco-Roman Antiquity and the reception of this in the two thousand years that followed. This unique reference work is also available in print and online as Brill’s New Pauly.

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Große Namen, die faszinieren. Alexander der Große, Caesar, Cicero, Diogenes, Nero, Pythagoras, Sappho, Sokrates, Theoderich, Xanthippe – berühmte Frauen und Männer der Antike, die uns immer wieder begegnen, sei es in Literatur, Kunst, Musik oder auch in Filmen. 96 Beiträge befassen sich mit den historischen Persönlichkeiten, darunter auch einige nicht-europäische Gestalten wie Hannibal und Kleopatra. Von der Antike bis heute: Im Spiegel der Epochen und Kulturen lässt sich klar erkennen, wie unterschiedlich ihr Leben und Tun wahrgenommen und neu gedeutet werden.

From the Mesopotamian kings in around 3000 BC to the Bishops and Patriarchs of Late Antiquity, Chronologies of the Ancient World lists all rulers and dynasties that made their mark on ancient history. This supplement to Brill’s New Pauly enriches the information from the encyclopedia with its exhaustive lists of names, dates and facts about the people who shaped the ancient world.

Von den mesopotamischen Fürsten im 3. Jahrtausend vor Chr. bis zu den Bischöfen und Patriarchen der Spätantike sind alle Herrscher - nach geographischen Räumen geordnet - verzeichnet. Eine ideale Ergänzung zu den Sachstichworten des Neuen Pauly.

The Dictionary of Greek and Latin Authors and Texts gives a clear overview of authors and Major Works of Greek and Latin literature, and their history in written tradition, from Late Antiquity until present: papyri, manuscripts, Scholia, early and contemporary authoritative editions, translations and comments.

Geschichte der antiken Texte: Autoren- und Weklexikon gibt einen deutlichen Überblick über die Autoren und Hauptwerke der griechischen und lateinischen Literatur, sowie ihrer Geschichte in schriftlicher Überlieferung, von der Spätantike bis zur Gegenwart: Papyri, Handschriften, Scholien, Editio princeps und frühe Drucke, Übersetzungen und Standardkommentare.

This new atlas of the ancient world illustrates the political, economic, social and cultural developments in the ancient Near East, the Mediterranean world, the Byzantine Empire, the Islamic world and the Holy Roman Empire from the 3rd millennium BC until the 15th century AD.

Dieser neue Atlas der antiken Welt zeigt die politischen, ökonomischen, gesellschaftlichen und kulturellen Entwicklungen des Nahen Ostens, des Mittelmeerraumes, des byzantinischen Reiches, der islamischen Welt und des Heiliges Römisches Reiches vom 3. Jahrtausend vor Chr. bis zum 15. Jahrhundert.

Der Neue Pauly Supplementband 4 is an index volume to the “Rezeptions- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte” series (DNP volumes 13–15/3). This index volume has not been digitized, as it is geared towards to the printed volumes. For online searches, you are advised to use the “Search” or “Advanced Search” functionality.

Der Neue Pauly Supplementband 4 ist ein Registerband zur “Rezeptions- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte”-Reihe (DNP Bände 13–15/3). Dieser Registerband wurde nicht digitalisiert, da er sich auf die gedruckten Bände richtet. Für das Suchen nach Stichwörtern online stehen die “Search”- und “Advanced Search”-Funktionen zur Verfügung.

The Reception of Myth and Mythology highlights the routes and works through which the myths of Greece and Rome have passed into the cultural memory of Europe over the centuries -- into its literature, music and art and into its reflections on aesthetics and philosophy.

Mythenrezeption zeigt auf wie sich griechische und römische Mythen über die Jahrhunderte Ihren Weg in das kulturelle Gedächtnis Europas gebahnt haben. Ihr Einfluss auf Literatur, Musik und Kunst sowie auf Reflexion über Ästhetik und Philosophie wird gleichermaßen dargestellt.

This compendium gives a comprehensive overview of the history of classical studies. Alphabetically arranged, it provides biographies of over 700 scholars from the fourteenth century onwards who have made their mark on the study of Antiquity. These include the lives, careers and works of classical philologists, archaeologists, ancient historians, students of epigraphy, numismatics, papyrology, Egyptology and the Ancient Near East, philosophers, anthropologists, social scientists, art historians, collectors and writers. The biographies put the scholars in their social, political and cultural contexts while focusing on their scholarly achievements and their contributions to modern classical scholarship.

Band 6 liefert eine umfangreiche Übersicht über die Geschichte der Altertumswissenschaften. In über 700 Artikeln wird das Leben und die altertumswissenschaftliche Leistung von Philologen, Archäologen, Althistorikern sowie Vertretern von Spezialdisziplinen wie Epigraphik, Numismatik, Papyrologie dargestellt; auch Ägyptologen und Altorientalisten sind aufgenommen, deren Arbeiten für die Herausbildung des Faches grundlegend waren. Daneben werden Philosophen, Ethnologen, Sozialwissenschaftler und Kunsthistoriker einerseits, Sammler und Schriftsteller außerhalb der akademischen Sphäre andererseits in eigenen Einträgen erfasst, insofern sie wesentliche Beiträge zum Verständnis der Antike leisteten. Die Beiträge behandeln nicht nur die Biographie, den wissenschaftlichen Werdegang und die Werke der einzelnen Wissenschafterler, sondern auch den sozialen, politischen und kulturellen Kontext.

The Reception of Classical Literature gives an overview of the reception and influence of ancient literary works on the literature, art and music from Antiquity to the present.

Die Rezeption der antiken Literatur liefert einen Überblick der Rezeption und des Einflusses antiker literarischer Werke auf Literatur, Kunst und Musik vom Altertum bis zur Gegenwart.

Edited by: Wouter J. Hanegraaff, in collaboration with Antoine Faivre, Roelof van den Broek and Jean-Pierre Brach

Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism Online is the comprehensive reference work to cover the entire domain of “Gnosis and Western Esotericism” from the period of Late Antiquity to the present. Containing around 400 articles by over 180 international specialists, Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism Online provides critical overviews discussing the nature and historical development of all its important currents and manifestations, from Gnosticism and Hermetism to Astrology, Alchemy and Magic, from the Hermetic Tradition of the Renaissance to Rosicrucianism and Christian Theosophy, and from Freemasonry and Illuminism to 19thcentury Occultism and the contemporary New Age movement. Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism Online also contains articles about the life and work of all the major personalities in the history of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, discussing their ideas, significance, and historical influence.

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Edited by: Elsaid Badawi and Muhammad Abdel Haleem

Now also available online, the Dictionary of Qur'anic Usage is the first comprehensive, fully-researched and contextualised Arabic-English dictionary of Qur'anic usage, compiled in accordance with modern lexicographical methods by scholars who have a lifelong immersion in Qur'anic Studies. Based on Classical Arabic dictionaries and Qur'an commentaries, this work also emphasises the role of context in determining the meaning-scatter of each vocabulary item. Illustrative examples from Qur'anic verses are provided in support of the definitions given for each context in which a particular word occurs, with cross-references to other usages. Frequently occurring grammatical particles are likewise thoroughly explained, insofar as they are used in conveying various nuances of meaning in the text. The online version of the Dictionary of Qur'anic Usage is full-text searchable in Arabic and English.


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Edited by: Farhad Daftary and Wilferd Madelung

Encyclopaedia Islamica Online is based on the abridged and edited translation of the Persian Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, one of the most comprehensive sources on Islam and the Muslim world. A unique feature of the Encyclopaedia Islamica Online lies in the attention given to Shiʿi Islam and its rich and diverse heritage. In addition to providing entries on important themes, subjects and personages in Islam generally, Encyclopaedia Islamica Online offers the Western reader an opportunity to appreciate the various dimensions of Shiʿi Islam, the Persian contribution to Islamic civilization, and the spiritual dimensions of the Islamic tradition.

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Edited by: M. Th.Houtsma, T.W.Arnold, R.Basset and R.Hartmann
The Encyclopaedia of Islam First Edition Online (EI1) was originally published in print between 1913 and 1936. The demand for an encyclopaedic work on Islam was created by the increasing (colonial) interest in Muslims and Islamic cultures during the nineteenth century. The scope of the  Encyclopedia of Islam First Edition Online is philology, history, theology and law until early 20th century. Such famous scholars as Houtsma, Wensinck, Gibb, Snouck Hurgronje, and Lévi-Provençal were involved in this scholarly endeavor. The Encyclopedia of Islam First Edition Online offers access to 9,000 articles.
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Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs

The Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second Edition) Online sets out the present state of our knowledge of the Islamic World. It is a unique and invaluable reference tool, an essential key to understanding the world of Islam, and the authoritative source not only for the religion, but also for the believers and the countries in which they live. 

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Edited by: P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs
Assisted by C. Ott, under the patronage of the International Union of Acadamies

Glossary and Index of Terms treats the technical terms in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Urdu and other languages or dialects of the Islamic world. As an index, it is of immeasurable importance, in particular for the many terms which are not given an entry but are discussed in the course of an article; and as glossary it is an invaluable source of information for both non-specialist, who is given an insight into the varied and rich vocabulary of Islam, and the specialist, who may discover surprising new contexts in which a term is used.

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Edited by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson with a team of more than 20 section editors.

EI-Three is the third edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam which sets out the present state of our knowledge of the Islamic World. It is a unique and invaluable reference tool, an essential key to understanding the world of Islam, and the authoritative source not only for the religion, but also for the believers and the countries in which they live.

The Third Edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It is published in five substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.



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General Editors: Jacob Neusner, Alan J. Avery-Peck and William Scott Green

The Encyclopaedia of Judaism Online offers more than 200 entries comprising more than 1,000,000 words and is a unique reference tool.  The Encyclopaedia of Judaism Online offers an authoritative, comprehensive, and systematic presentation of the current state of scholarship on fundamental issues of Judaism, both past and present. While heavy emphasis is placed on the classical literature of Judaism and its history, the Encyclopaedia of Judaism Online also includes principal entries on circumcision, genetic engineering, homosexuality, intermarriage in American Judaism, and other acutely contemporary issues. Comprehensive and up-to-date, it reflects the highest standards in scholarship. Covering a tradition of nearly four thousand years, some of the most distinguished scholars in the field describe the way of life, history, art, theology, philosophy, and the practices and beliefs of the Jewish people.

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General Editor: Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University, Washington DC

The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is an encyclopaedic dictionary of qur’ānic terms, concepts, personalities, place names, cultural history and exegesis extended with essays on the most important themes and subjects within qur’ānic studies. The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is the first comprehensive, multivolume reference work on the Qur’ān to appear in a Western language.
Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online includes direct access to 62 Early Printed Western Qur’āns Online and the Electronic Qurʾān Concordance, a unique online finding aid for textual research.


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General Editor: Georgios K. Giannakis
Associate Editors: Vit Bubenik, Emilio Crespo, Chris Golston, Alexandra Lianeri, Silvia Luraghi, Stephanos Matthaios

The Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek Language and Linguistics (EAGLL) is a unique work that brings together the latest research from across a range of disciplines which contribute to our knowledge of Ancient Greek. It is an indispensable research tool for scholars and students of Greek, of linguistics, and of other Indo-European languages, as well as of Biblical literature.

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Managing Editors Online Edition: Lutz Edzard and Rudolf de Jong

The Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics Online comprehensively covers all aspects of Arabic languages and linguistics. It is interdisciplinary in scope and represents different schools and approaches in order to be as objective and versatile as possible. The Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics Online is cross-searchable and cross-referenced, and is equipped with a browsable index. All relevant fields in Arabic linguistics, both general and language specific are covered and the Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics Online includes topics from interdisciplinary fields, such as anthropology, psychology, sociology, philosophy, and computer science.

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Editor-in-Chief: Rint SYBESMA, Leiden University

Associate Editors: Wolfgang BEHR University of Zürich, Yueguo GU Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Zev HANDEL University of Washington, C.-T. James HUANG Harvard University and James MYERS National Chung Cheng University

Early Release Version: content being added regularly, expected completion Fall 2016.

The Encyclopedia of Chinese Language and Linguistics offers a systematic and comprehensive overview of the languages of China and the different ways in which they are and have been studied. It provides authoritative treatment of all important aspects of the languages spoken in China, today and in the past, from many different angles, as well as the different linguistic traditions they have been investigated in.

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Editors: Erwin Fahlbusch, Jan Milič Lochman, John Mbiti, Jaroslav Pelikan and Lukas Vischer

The Encyclopedia of Christianity Online describes modern-day Christian beliefs and communities in the context of 2000 years of apostolic tradition and Christian history. Based on the third, revised edition of the critically acclaimed German work Evangelisches Kirchenlexikon. The Encyclopedia of Christianity Online includes all 5 volumes of the print edition of 1999-2008 which has become a standard reference work for the study of Christianity past and present. Comprehensive, reflecting the highest standards in scholarship yet intended for a wide range of readers, the The Encyclopedia of Christianity Online also looks outward beyond Christianity, considering other world religions and philosophies as it paints the overall religious and socio-cultural picture in which the Christianity finds itself.

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Executive editor of the English version: Graeme Dunphy

The Encyclopedia of Early Modern History is the English edition of the German-language Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit. This 15-volume reference work, published in print between 2005 and 2012 and here available online, offers a multi-faceted view on the decisive era in European history stretching from ca. 1450 to ca. 1850 ce. in over 4,000 entries.
The perspective of this work is European. This is not to say that the rest of the World is ignored – on the contrary, the interaction between European and other cultures receives extensive attention.

New articles will be added on a regular basis during the period of translation, for the complete German version see Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit Online.

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Edited by: Geoffrey Khan
Associate editors: Shmuel Bolozky, Steven Fassberg, Gary A. Rendsburg, Aaron D. Rubin, Ora R. Schwarzwald, Tamar Zewi

The Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics Online offers a systematic and comprehensive treatment of all aspects of the history and study of the Hebrew language from its earliest attested form to the present day.
The Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics Online features advanced search options, as well as extensive cross-references and full-text search functionality using the Hebrew character set. With over 850 entries and approximately 400 contributing scholars, the Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics Online is the authoritative reference work for students and researchers in the fields of Hebrew linguistics, general linguistics, Biblical studies, Hebrew and Jewish literature, and related fields.

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Executive Editor: Norman A. Stillman

The Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World Online (EJIW) is the first cohesive and discreet reference work which covers the Jews of Muslim lands particularly in the late medieval, early modern and modern periods. The Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World Online is updated with newly commissioned articles, illustrations, multimedia, and primary source material. 

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Edited by: Gerhard Robbers and W. Cole Durham

In recent years, issues of freedom of religion or belief and state-religion relations have become increasingly important worldwide. The Encyclopedia of Law and Religion, unique in its breadth and global coverage, provides an important foundational resource for study of these issues. The encyclopedia covers the relation between law and religion in its various aspects, including those related to the role of religion in society, the relations between religion and state institutions, freedom of religion, legal aspects of religious traditions, the interaction between law and religion, and other issues at the junction of law, religion, and state.

Early release version: remaining articles will be added Q1 2016.

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Edited by: Gale Owen-Crocker, Elizabeth Coatsworth & Maria Hayward
The single volume Encyclopaedia of Medieval Dress and Textiles of the British Isles c. 450-1450 is a unique work that intends to bring together in 582 signed articles the latest research from across the range of disciplines which contribute to our knowledge of medieval dress and textiles.

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Edited by: Larissa J. Taylor et al.

The Encyclopedia of Medieval Pilgrimage is an interdisciplinary reference work, giving wide coverage of the role of travel in medieval religious life. Dealing with the period 300-1500 A.D., it offers both basic data on as broad a range of European pilgrimage as possible and clearly written, self-contained introductions to the general questions of pilgrimage research.

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Edited by:  Graeme Dunphy

The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle brings together the latest research in chronicle studies from a variety of disciplines and scholarly traditions. Chronicles are the history books written and read in educated circles throughout Europe and the Middle East in the Middle Ages. For the modern reader, they are important as sources for the history they tell, but equally they open windows on the preoccupations and self-perceptions of those who tell it. Interest in chronicles has grown steadily in recent decades, and the foundation of a Medieval Chronicle Society in 1999 is indicative of this. Indeed, in many ways the Encyclopedia has been inspired by the emergence of this Society as a focus of the interdisciplinary chronicle community.

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Edited by: Suad Joseph

The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online is an interdisciplinary, trans-historical, and global project embracing women and Islamic cultures in every region where there have been significant Muslim populations. It aims to cover every topic for which there is significant research, examining these regions from the period just before the rise of Islam to the present. The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online crosses history, geographic borders and disciplines to create a groundbreaking reference work reflecting the very latest research on gender studies and the Islamic world.

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Éditée par: P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, et W.P. Heinrichs

The Encyclopédie de l’Islam en Ligne is the French edition of the new (2nd) The Encyclopaedia of Islam Online.  The Encyclopaedia of Islam Online (2nd) is generally acclaimed as one of the major scholarly enterprises of the twentieth century. Its more than ten thousand pages are a mine of valuable information for any student and researcher of the Islamic world. All entries in The Encyclopaedia of Islam French Online are linked to the Encyclopaedia of Islam Online so users can easily switch from one language to the other.

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Die Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit Online, die auf der gedruckten Ausgabe Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit (J.B. Metzler Verlag Stuttgart, 2005-2012, in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kulturwissenschaftlichen Institut Essen) basiert, bietet in über 4.000 Schlagwörtern einen facettenreichen Blick auf das bedeutsame Zeitalter von der Mitte des 15. bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts.

Die Perspektive ist europäisch. Das bedeutet jedoch nicht, dass die Sicht auf den Rest der Welt versperrt ist. Im Gegenteil, die Wechselbeziehung von europäischen und anderen Kulturen wird ausführlich betrachtet.

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General Editor: Marci Hoffman

Acclaimed by librarians, academics, and researchers alike, the Foreign Law Guide (FLG) is an essential database offering relevant information on sources of foreign law, including complete bibliographic citations to legislation, the existence of English translations and selected references to secondary sources in one virtual destination. Broad in content and global in scope, the FLG is an indispensable resource for comparative law research and a fundamental tool for developing a foreign and comparative law collection. Approximately 190 jurisdictions are systemically covered and updated by a global team of experts.

New country: Nigeria (not previously updated)

Updated Countries: Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Egypt, France, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Singapore, South Africa, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States

Full Country List | Video User Guide | Tips for Effective Browsing

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Compiled and written by: John Gordon Lorimer

The Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia is one of the most important European primary sources for the study of the modern Gulf region from the 17th to the early 20th century. The Gazetteer offers the fullest account of the state of knowledge of the region in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and as such is both an unique and important tool for researchers.

Early Release Version: Genealogical charts of the ruling families of the region will be added early 2016.

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Edited by: Hugh Kennedy
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Translation and edited by: R.D. McChesney and M.M. Khorrami

The most important history of Afghanistan ever written (originally written in Persian), Sirāj al-tawārīkh or The History of Afghanistan. It was commissioned as an official national history by the Afghan prince, later amir, Habib Allah Khan (reigned 1901-1919). The author, Fayz Muhammad Khan, better known as “Katib” (The Writer), was a scribe at the royal court. For more than twenty years, he had full access to government archives and oral sources and thus presents an unparalleled picture of the country from its founding in 1747 until the end of the nineteenth century. The roots of much of the fabric of Afghanistan’s society today—tribe and state relations, the rule of law, gender issues, and the economy—are elegantly and minutely detailed in this immense work.

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Edited by: Jennifer Dilworth and Megan Stuart-Jones

The International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's Who including Who's Who in Public International Law Online is an authoritative and esteemed source of information on all the countries of the world, including territories and federal states; all significant international and national organisations, from the United Nations to economic and trade organisations; comprehensive biographical profiles of over 4,000 of the most important people in the world today.

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Author: Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-Balādhūrī
Edited by: M.J. de Goeje (1866)

The Kitāb Futūḥ al-buldān by Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-Balādhūrī (d. c. 892 CE), edited by M.J. de Goeje and originally titled Liber expugnationis regionum (Leiden, 1866), offers an account of the early conquests of the Islamic polity. It has the form of a geographical survey of the Caliphate’s territories, describing how each location came under Muslim rule.

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Subtitle: The Origins of the Islamic State
Author: Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-Balādhūrī
Translation by: P.K. Ḥitti (volume I: 1916) and F.C. Murgotten (volume II: 1924)

The Origins of the Islamic State is the English translation of Kitāb Futūḥ al-buldān, written by Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-Balādhūrī (d. c. 892 CE). The work offers an account of the early conquests of the Islamic polity. It has the form of a geographical survey of the Caliphate’s territories, describing how each location came under Muslim rule. It was translated into English by Philip Khûri Ḥitti (volume I: 1916) and Francis Clark Murgotten (volume II: 1924).

Edited by: Friedhelm Mann (Vol. 1 to 9) and Kyriakos Savvides

Lexicon Gregorianum Online is the most comprehensive Greek-German dictionary of the language used by Gregory of Nyssa. It is the only dictionary available specifically addressing the vocabulary of late Classical Greek. It documents Gregory's complete vocabulary, taking account of the syntax, meaning and connotations of every occurrence of a key word in his writings. The complete Lexicon Online comprises 10 volumes, totaling more than 13,000 entries.

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Subtitle: Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum 1-5
Author: Ibn al-Faqīh al-Hamadhānī
Edited by: M.J. de Goeje (1885)

Ibn al-Faqīh was the Iranian author of a Geography in Arabic entitled Kitāb al-buldan written around the year 903. The original work is lost, but the abridged version, possibly composed around 1022, has survived in a handful of manuscripts. Only three manuscripts were known during De Goeje’s life and he used them all for his edition, which was originally published in 1885. Its introduction includes a summary of Ibn Faqīh’s life on the basis of the classical sources by De Goeje. Ibn al-Faqīh’s Kitāb al-buldan offers geographical and historical details not found in other sources, and it was in itself an important source for later works, for example by Muqaddasī and Yāqūt.

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Edited by: Hans Dieter Betz e.a.

Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 4 Online is the online version of the 4th edition of the definitive encyclopedia of religion worldwide: the peerless Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 4 (RGG4) (Mohr Siebeck, 1998-2007). This great resource continues the tradition of deep knowledge and authority relied upon by generations of scholars in religious, theological, and biblical studies. Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 4. indisputably belongs to the small class of essential reference works.

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Edited by: Hans Dieter Betz, Don S. Browning†, Bernd Janowski and Eberhard Jüngel

Religion Past and Present (RPP) Online is the online version of the updated English translation of the 4th edition of the definitive encyclopedia of religion worldwide: the peerless Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart (RGG). This great resource, now at last available in English and Online, Religion Past and Present Online continues the tradition of deep knowledge and authority relied upon by generations of scholars in religious, theological, and biblical studies. Including the latest developments in research, Religion Past and Present Online encompasses a vast range of subjects connected with religion.

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Edited by: Karl Rahner with Cornelius Ernst and Kevin Smyth.
Advisor for the online edition: Karen Kilby, Durham University

Sacramentum Mundi Online is the online edition of the famous six volume English reference work in Catholic Theology, edited (in 1968-1970) by Karl Rahner, one of the main Catholic theologians of the 20th century. Sacramentum Mundi: An Encyclopedia of Theology was originally published by Herder Verlag, and is now available online at Brill.

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Subtitle: Annals of the Prophets and Kings

Author: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr al-Ṭabarī
Edited by: M.J. de Goeje (1879-1901)

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The Annals of the Prophets and Kings (Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa-l-mulūk) by al-Ṭabarī (d. 923 C.E.) is one of the most important historical works about the first centuries of Muslim society in Arabic. This classic Brill edition was supervised by M.J. de Goeje and was originally titled Annales quos scripsit Abu Djafar Mohammed Ibn Djarir At-Tabari. The Andalusian scholar ʿArīb b. Saʿd al-Qurṭubī (d. c. 980 C.E.) later composed a résumé of al-Ṭabarī’s Annals, which he continued down to his own times. That volume is also included here. To this day the De Goeje edition remains the only edition of the Annals with extensive indices.

The Textual History of the Bible brings together all available information regarding the textual history, textual character, translation techniques, manuscripts, and the importance of each textual witness for each book of the Hebrew Bible, including its deutero-canonical scriptures. In addition, it includes articles on the history of research, the editorial histories of the Hebrew Bible, as well as other aspects of text-critical research and its auxiliary fields, or Hilfswissenschaften, such as papyrology, codicology, and linguistics.

Editor in chief: Armin Lange
Volume Editors: Armin Lange and Emanuel Tov (vol. 1), Matthias Henze (vol. 2), and Russel E. Fuller (vol. 3)
In volume 1, Emanuel Tov was the responsible editor for the primary versions as well as the Samaritan Pentateuch and the Masoretic text including the corresponding overview articles. Armin Lange had the editorial responsibility for the ancient Hebrew biblical texts, the secondary translations, and for the Biblical text as attested in ancient literature, including their corresponding overview articles. In addition Emanuel Tov was responsible for entries 1.1.1 and 1.2.3 while Armin Lange worked on entries 1.1.2; 1.2.1; 1.2.2; 1.4; 1.7.1 and 1.7.2.

Early release version
With few exceptions, the content of all entries is final. Several articles will still receive light copy editing; in some articles, Hebrew text still needs to be vocalized, some translations will be supplied later, and more cross-references will be added. There will also remain some technical imperfections (especially in the display of special scripts) to be ironed out.
Some articles still need to be finalized and are not yet included in the online-edition of THB 1. All of these articles will be put online before the printed version is published in 2016.

Edited by: Kocku von Stuckrad

The impressively comprehensive Brill Dictionary of Religion (BDR) Online addresses religion as an element of daily life and public discourse, is richly illustrated and with more than 500 entries, the Brill Dictionary of Religion Online is a multi-media reference source on the many and various forms of religious commitment. The Brill Dictionary of Religion Online addresses the different theologies and doctrinal declarations of the official institutionalized religions and gives equal weight and consideration to a multiplicity of other religious phenomena. The Brill Dictionary of Religion Online helps map out and define the networks and connections created by various religions in contemporary societies, and provides models for understanding these complex phenomena.


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Edited by: Robert A. Segal & Kocku von Stuckrad.

The Vocabulary for the Study of Religion offers a unique overview of critical terms in the study of religion(s). This first dictionary in English covers a broad spectrum of theoretical topics used in the academic study of religion, including those from adjacent disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, historiography, theology, philology, literary studies, psychology, philosophy, cultural studies, and political sciences.

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Edited by: Jennifer Dilworth and Megan Stuart-Jones

Who’s Who in Public International Law Online provides unique access to the main players within international law.  Originally created by Sir Elihu Lauterpacht of Cambridge University, Who’s Who in Public International Law Online is a directory of some 600 public international lawyers of standing and prominence in the judicial, academic and professional fields. Who’s Who in Public International Law Online focuses upon those persons who devote or have devoted a significant part of their activities to public international law, whether as judges, arbitrators, practicing lawyers, officials of governments and international organizations, members of inter-governmental legal bodies or academics.

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