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The Magic Lantern: The Revolution of '89 Witnessed in Warsaw, Budapest, Berlin and Prague

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The Magic Lantern  is one of those rare books that define a historic moment, written by a brilliant witness who was also a participant in epochal events. Whether covering Poland’s first free parliamentary elections—in which Solidarity found itself in the position of trying to limit the scope of its victory—or sitting in at the meetings of an unlikely coalition of bohemian intellectuals and Catholic clerics orchestrating the liberation of Czechoslovakia, Garton Ash writes with enormous sympathy and power.

This book is a stunningly evocative portrait of the revolutions that swept Communism from Eastern Europe in 1989 and whose aftereffects are still being felt today. As Garton Ash writes in an incisive new afterword, from the perspective of three decades “Freedom’s battle is never finally won. It must be fought anew in every generation.”

156 pages, Hardcover

First published March 19, 1990

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About the author

Timothy Garton Ash

43 books222 followers
Timothy Garton Ash CMG FRSA is a British historian, author and commentator. He is Professor of European Studies at Oxford University. Much of his work has been concerned with the late modern and contemporary history of Central and Eastern Europe.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 98 reviews
Profile Image for Daniel T.
113 reviews26 followers
April 26, 2023
امسال کمونیسم در اروپای شرقی مرد. ۱۹۴۸-۱۹۸۹ آسوده بخواب. شاید بر سنگ مزارش بنویسند:
در زندگی اش هیچ چیز
چون مرگش به او ماننده نبود

به راستی که کمونیسم مرگ انسان بوده، به قول نویسنده : کمونیسم هرچند خوب هم پنداشته شود با ذات انسان جور نیست.

کتاب «ما مردم» شرح حال تجربیات نویسنده و شرکت او در به هنگام وقوع انقلاب های ۱۹۸۹ در کشور ها بوده است، از لهستان گرفته تا مجارستان ، آلمان شرقی و چکسلواکی.

نویسنده گزارشی سریع از حال و هوای مردمان را روایت میکند و نمیشود آن را به عنوان یک کتابی برای بررسی موضوعات و دلایل گماشت، اما میتوان حال و روز مردمان و انقلاب هایشان را به مانند مستندی از داخل دید. این کتاب بلافاصله بعد از پایان یافتن انقلاب های سال ۱۹۸۹ نوشته شده است.

انقلاب بوداپست حول محور مرگ شخصیتی میگردد که مردم در پاسداشت سالگرد مرگ قهرمانانه وی دست به سخنرانی ها و شعارهای ضد کمونیست میدهند که سرانجام آن اصلاحات و کناره گیری رهبران کمونیسا میباشد، شخصا با خواندن گزارش مجارستان و تطبیق تشابهات آن با اتفاقات اخیر ایرانمان و کشته شدن «مهسا امینی» غم و امید رو تجربه کردم، شاید مطرح کردن این موضوع در نظر من راجع به کتاب جایز نباشد ولی امیدوارم چنین چیزی را ما نیز تجربه کنیم و شوالیه هایی که جانشان را از دست دادند فراموش مشوند.
به قول شاندور راچ رییس شوراهای کارگران بوداپست در ۱۹۵۶: « آیا آزادی از خون قهرمانانمان میروید؟»

روایات های دیگر از کشوران نیز بسیار خواندنی هستند، مخصوصا گزارش آلمان شرقی، که از نظر من اوج احساسات را در آزادی این مردمان میشود با جان و دل حس کرد.


کتاب خواندنی و خوبیست، البته اگر قصد مطالعه دقیق تر دارید پینشهاد میکنم کتاب «انقلاب های ۱۹۸۹» از نشر ثالث رو خریداری و مطالعه کنید، ولی خواندن این کتاب نیز خالی از لطف نیست و جذابیت آن به حضور نویسنده در بطن انقلاب ها بوده است.
Profile Image for Mohammad Ali Shamekhi.
1,096 reviews275 followers
June 16, 2017

روایت شخصی و جالبیه از حذف تدریجیِ حزب کمونیست، البته تدریجی از نوع سریعش، در پی رویدادهای اجتماعی-سیاسی سال 1989 در مجارستان، لهستان، آلمان شرقی و چک[سلواکی] و تحول اروپای شرقی از کمونیستی بودن به اروپایی بودن. نویسنده در واقع داره ایده ی پیروزی اروپای غربی رو به تصویر می کشه و معتقده تحولات سال 1989 جز روش تغییرات، که مسالمت آمیز و عموما بدون خشونت بود در این چند کشور، دستاورد نظری ای برای علم سیاست نداره - یعنی ایده های اندیشمندان همان ایده های سال ها پیاده شده ی غربی ها است

ترجمه هم معقوله ولی یکسره فاقد توضیحاته و خواننده ی ناآشنا باید مدام بره جستجو کنه فلانی کیه بهمانی کیه. در ضبط تلفظ اسامی لهستانی هم درست عمل نشده
Profile Image for Mostafa.
111 reviews51 followers
January 14, 2017
كتاب يك ديد اجمالي و كلي نسبت به وقايع انقلاب هاي اروپاي شرقي در ١٩٨٩ ميدهد. اگر از قبل اطلاعاتي از اتفاقات جنگ سرد كه به شدت با آن منطقه گره خورده است داشته باشيد كتاب برايتان خواندني تر و مفيدتر خواهد بود. براي گرفتن تصميمات درست در لحظات حياتي در آينده نه تنها بايد تاريخ خود را دانست بلكه بايد فهم و دركي هم از تاريخ ديگر ملل داشت.
Profile Image for Mia.
56 reviews18 followers
July 27, 2023
2.5 ⭐
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for David.
Author 12 books142 followers
July 13, 2017
Having watched all this happen on TV back in the day, it was interesting to get more perspective from someone more on the ground. I do think the Prague chapter got bogged down in details and felt pretty clunky, but it was a good read on the whole. I'd like to see another edition, presuming there isn't one already, for what happened in the next years after the update at the back. Kind of changes things.
Profile Image for Adam.
316 reviews5 followers
October 23, 2014
It’s amazing to me that we weren’t taught in history classes in high school about the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War—a period we lived through as children. I have a vague memory of a T.V. being wheeled into our classroom to watch the news of the fall of the Berlin wall when I was eight.

It’s not until reading The Magic Lantern that I’ve ever learned anything about the subject, really. As a “witness account,” this read is very emotional. At times the sentences come short and fast, betraying the excitement and energy of “being there.” One of the reasons I chose this book was because it was so slim—I wanted to get an introduction; not hundreds of pages of historical minutiae or detailed analysis. But Ash’s writing is so warm and his reporting so earnest, I finished the book wishing it were longer.

Ash invents the awkward but apt word “refolution” to describe Eastern Europe’s overthrow of Soviet rule because there was both movement from below and “change ‘from above,’ led by an enlightened minority in the still ruling communist parties” (14).

The quick succession of change in the region is inspiring by its varied deployment of nonviolence, labor unionism, electoral process, inventive mass communication, and perhaps, most surprisingly, the arts (the book’s title is from the name of the Prague theater that served as the headquarters for the dissident movement and which launched absurdist playwright Vaclav Havel to power).

Another surprising insight was the importance of television as a medium for “refolution;” ironically calling to mind the oft-quoted Scott-Heron poem/song. The use of television by the resistance was an important way of cutting through the layers of Soviet discourse and psychology that had settled over the years. Also fascinating was the widespread samizdat networks, reproducing and distributing censored works. With all of the recent discussion of social media use in the recent Arab Spring, it was awe-inspiring to think of this comparatively laborious and primitive form of revolutionary communication used just a few decades ago.

Understandably, Ash is quite generous to the dissidents and defensive of their choices. It begs a critical response, and a response with the benefit of the passage of time. I now feel suspense for learning about what has happened since ’89. Which dreams were fulfilled and which ones shattered? What balances have been struck between markets and states? What are the prospects for the future of the region?
Profile Image for Manuel Menezes de Sequeira.
Author 2 books20 followers
January 8, 2010
Great book. To the author's insight one must add the fact that he witnessed the events firsthand and that he writes wonderfully. The result is a book that must be read, if possible followed by The File: a Personal History (I read them in the wrong order). Knowing the past helps you understand better the present, it is said. That's exactly how I feel, having just finished the book. The importance of people such as Václav Havel and even Václav Klaus, the current president of the Czech Republic, is make very clear. Especially in the case of Václav Klaus, one understands better his reluctance to sign the Lisbon Treaty or to go along the global warming scare. I bought this book in the shop of the The Lobkowicz Collections (http://www.lobkowicz-collections.org), which itself is a remarkable case of procedural justice that could only have happened in a country that suffered decades under a communist regime. Not having had that experience, the rest of Europe does not really understand the true, deep meaning of distributive (in)justice.
Profile Image for Lorenzo Berardi.
Author 3 books254 followers
January 30, 2014
Despite of my high expectations, this one turned out to be the less interesting book by Timothy Garton Ash I read so far.

Clever title and well researched accounts all right, but dry journalism/essayism with very little captivating insight on Poland and Hungary. Garton Ash does know much about the rise of Solidarnosc and yet he didn't manage to engage me about that in 'The Magic Lantern'.

On a side note, I've found it odd and cheeky that the author emphasizes the role he himself had in the '89 process either addressing miners in Poland or coining a slogan for the Velvet Revolution in Prague.
Is that true? Is that necessary to know? Is that the kind of political involvement a historian might look for? And did TGA speak such flawless Polish, Czech, German and Hungarian to become an opinion leader? I would be surprised if he did.

The chapters about East Germany and the former Czechoslovakia are the shortest ones here, but I liked them more than the rest of the book. Garton Ash and Vaclav Havel were drinking buddies and it shows.

Author 1 book2 followers
May 12, 2014
The Magic Lantern is a journalist's reflections and personal observations of the 1989 revolutions in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Germany as opposed to being a complete historical account. It gives the reader a quick overall reminder of how these revolutions came about with some violence in Poland and almost none in the other countries. It's kind of like a close up behind the scenes view. The Magic Lantern in the title refers to a theater in Prague where decision makers met to form the new government. Journalists would camp out there for the latest news on a committee meeting, announcement of an office, or whatever decision had come about. It's a fairly quick read. Good background. I was motivated to explore some points in history; always a good thing if a book prompts the reader to do that.

Profile Image for Bahman Bahman.
Author 3 books229 followers
March 18, 2023
"ما از انقلاب‌هاي 1989 اروپاي شرقي اطلاعاتي داشتيم، اما هيچ کتاب مستقلي در اين باره به زبان فارسي منتشر نشده بود. حسن کتاب حاضر اين است که نوشته‌ي کسي است که خودش شاهد ماجراها بوده است، بنابراين حاوي جزئياتي است که از ديد مورخان پنهان مي‌ماند. 1989 سال مهمي در تاريخ است و در واقع نظم جهان را تغيير داد. اطلاع از چگونگي [اين انقلاب‌ها] مي‌تواند مفيد باشد، خصوصاً که نويسنده ده‌سالي بعد از اين انقلاب‌ها نظري به ميزان محقق‌شدن آرمان‌ها انداخته و ضعف‌ها و قوت‌ها را بررسي کرده است. حسن ديگرِ کتاب لحن روايي آن است که خواندن‌اش را به اندازه‌ي يک رمان لذت‌بخش است." (خشايار ديهيمي،‌سرپرست مجموعه)
Profile Image for Geoffrey Rose.
109 reviews6 followers
September 11, 2011
Timothy Garton Ash, one of our greatest chroniclers of contemporary Europe, is at his best in this eyewitness account of the velvet revolutions in Central Europe in 1989. More journalistic than interpretative history but that works here...and it's a riveting, exciting read. His accounts of the personalities involved (Walesa, Havel, Michnik, others) are detailed and interesting for a 167 page book! Highly recommended.
9 reviews2 followers
March 2, 2012
A good eye-witness record of the fall of Communism in eastern Europe in 1989. Not too much analysis - one step up from journalism - so is a good companion piece to something like Tony Judt's "Postwar." Interesting to read in-the-moment descriptions of individuals like Lech Walesa and Vaclav Havel, and how they are able to guide world history-changing events through their own words and behaviour.
6 reviews
July 3, 2014
I really enjoyed this book, though as the writer says at the beginning, it is all written so quickly after the fact that is reads almost like a very long magazine article. The writer comes across initially as a bit full of himself and his role in the changes that took place (sorry) but once I got past that, he has very informative insider information that brings you right into "history."
Profile Image for James Henderson.
2,089 reviews163 followers
February 5, 2024
Written by a brilliant witness who also took part in epochal events, The Magic Lantern is one of those rare books that defines a historic moment. Covering events such as the first free parliamentary elections in Poland, where Solidarity was forced to try and limit the extent of its victory, or attending the meetings of an unlikely alliance of Catholic clerics and free-thinking intellectuals planning the liberation of Czechoslovakia, Garton Ash writes with a great deal of empathy and impact.

This book is a stunningly evocative portrait of the revolutions that swept Communism from Eastern Europe in 1989 and whose aftereffects are still being felt today. From the perspective of more than three decades, Garton Ash writes in a sharp afterword, "Freedom's battle is never fully won. It must be fought anew in every generation.” I would recommend this to all readers who are interested in modern European history.
Profile Image for Ella Szczepanski.
48 reviews1 follower
April 23, 2024
Read this for history class. Very interesting, especially reading this 35 year later knowing how it has all played out so far lol
Profile Image for Usain.
89 reviews1 follower
June 14, 2015
In de traditie van 'Reds' van John Reed doet Timothy Garton Ash verslag van de val van de Oost-Europese communistische regimes in '89. Hij staat tussen het volk en, vooral, tussen die mensen die intussen overbekend zijn en de revoluties mee tot stand hebben gebracht, Lech Wałȩsa, Václav Havel, Dubček en Bärbel Bohley van Neues Forum. In Praag is hij voortdurend aanwezig in het Lucerna-gebouw op het Wenceslasplein, het broednest van de nieuwe Tsjechoslovaakse staat. Hij ontleent de naam van zijn boek eraan, lucerna, lantaarn.
Als gedegen journalist rapporteert Timothy Garton Ash niet alleen, maar tracht, on the fly, duiding te geven bij de zich ontwikkelende gebeurtenissen.
In de editie van 1999 is er een slothoofdstuk toegevoegd met een terugblik 10 jaar later. De conclusies zijn bijgesteld in het licht van de gebeurtenissen die zich intussen hebben afgespeeld: bevrijdingsacties in de hele wereld, in Midden- en Zuid-Amerika, in Zuid-Afrika, de oorlog in de Balkan.
Een bevlogen boek over een stuk recente geschiedenis, nu toch alweer 25 jaar geleden. Toch raar dat daarover zo weinig te vinden is in de boekhandel. De invloeden op de toestanden vandaag zijn nochtans niet te verwaarlozen.
Profile Image for Krista.
734 reviews
September 19, 2011
This is the author's brief reflections on his experience of the 1989 Revolutions in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. The essays are entirely readable, and make several good points: a comparison of the various political entities (noting that Poland was "professional" in its political protest movement, in comparison to Czechoslovakia) and the shocking "ordinary" steps taken by people in protest of Communism. (Indeed, a theme in the book is the actions of regular people, like an elderly person who collared TGA at the Polish elections to make sure he was voting against Communism in his selection of candidates.) Overall, TGA asks (in 1990) whether this is the dawn of "Central Europe," since Eastern Europe as a notion was linked intrinsically to the Soviet system.

Overall, the book is thoughtful and provides important witness insight into the events of 1989. The author's self-insertion does stand out (he takes credit for the 10 months/10 weeks/10 days comment, famous during the Revolution), but that's a small issue in an otherwise valuable book.
Profile Image for Marc.
Author 23 books9 followers
November 21, 2009
A good, quick refresher on the significant events that rocked Europe 20 years ago.
This short book (156 pages) provides vivid, on-the-ground accounts of pivotal activities in five cities (Warsaw, Budapest, Berlin, Leipzig, and Prague) during the collapse of the totalitarian regimes in Central Europe in 1989.
The author warns us, in the very first chapter: "I cannot emphasize too strongly that this is not a comprehensive history of the events of 1989 in Eastern Europe." This is certainly true. He describes clearly, and reflects insightfully on, what he sees and experiences at the epicenters of the revolutions, but writing about these events at the beginning of 1990 didn't allow time to place them in historical perspective. This is journalism--excellent journalism--but it is not history.
17 reviews55 followers
November 2, 2011
A very interesting and very insightful contemporary account of the Revolutions of 1989 in Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and East Germany. Garton Ash wears his biases on his sleeve and tends to give great historical weight to what he saw, but to be fair what happened in 1989 in these countries is one of the defining moments of the 20th Century. I found his writing exceptional and his treatment of the people and events for the most part fair. I do tend to disagree with his conception of what happened in these countries as "refolution." Life changed too much for the people of these former communist polities to be considered anything less than revolution. Reform might have been part of the process but revolution was the goal and , more importantly, the result. Overall a very important and enjoyable first hand account of 1989.
Profile Image for Brittany.
93 reviews
July 23, 2010
Amazing account of the end of communism in Eastern Europe! This book kind of blurs the line between primary and secondary historical sources because it was written just one year after the events, and it was written by an eyewitness. This book practically had me on the edge of my seat waiting for the glorious revolutions that occurred when people who had suffered the oppression of communism for decades were suddenly liberated, and many of them experienced freedom for the first time in their lives. Such turning points in history, when rightly considered, are enough to bring you to tears, and Ash does an amazing job of capturing all the emotions of these revolutions. The book moves quickly and is surprisingly short, but it is altogether amazing!
Profile Image for Jake.
26 reviews
February 13, 2014
Slim, amusing book of collected articles on the '89 Revolutions as witnessed by a British reporter. Ash spent the most time, and was closest to events in Prague, so that's the story that takes up the bulk of the book. And the Czech revolution seems like a gas - a hilarious bunch of students, academics, and poets all of a sudden bringing down a government without any violence. Ash: Damage had been done that could never be repaired. but if a land has to have a revolution, then it would be difficult to imagine a better revolution than the one Czechoslovakia had: swift, almost entirely non-violent, joyful and funny"

I picked this up for a couple of bucks at a used book store and it was worth it. mostly for the on-the-ground perspective of events
Profile Image for Brendan Steinhauser.
180 reviews8 followers
January 2, 2016
"The Magic Lantern" is a first-hand account of the peaceful revolutions that swept East Central Europe in 1989. The author spent time with many of the protagonists and was a witness to the momentous events that liberated this region from Soviet-backed communism.

His analysis of the grassroots revolutions against communist totalitarianism is sober, realistic, and fascinating. The author wrote the book without the benefit of historical hindsight, and provided an interesting look at what he observed in the great capitals of Berlin, Prague, Warsaw, and Budapest. I would recommend this book to anyone who wants to understand the events of 1989 that led to the downfall of the Iron Curtain, and eventually the Soviet Union itself.
Profile Image for Matthew.
220 reviews23 followers
June 8, 2009
Chronicles the "velvet revolutions" that brought down totalitarian communist regimes of Eastern Europe at the end of the Cold War. What makes this book amazing is the immediacy that it conveys. You really feel the sense of infinite possibility that these revolutionaries experienced, the awareness that things were changing and that anything was possible. Moreover, it shows that it might just be possible for humanity to escape the trajectory of its own sad history; that people can fight for fundamental change--toward a more just society--without terror, without vengeance, without bloodshed. And win.
Profile Image for Charlene.
959 reviews102 followers
February 4, 2018
Good, short account of the fall of communism in 1989 in Poland, Hungary, East Germany and Czechoslovakia by a journalist who was covering the events. This was "written in the moment", published in 1990. Longest section covers the last of the revolutions, the one in Prague; Ash was a personal friend of revolution's leader, the author and playwright, Vaclav Havel. Title refers to the theatre, the Magic Lantern, where the planning took place. Author speculates about the future for these countries . . . would like to see a new edition, with an afterword. Appreciated that he told the story of these revolutionary moments in only 156 pages!
Currently reading
July 16, 2018
Our intern Catie has read and recommends The Magic Lantern by Timothy Garton Ash. Catie says "This book is short and very readable, and it is one of my favorite accounts of the late 80s in Eastern Europe. Garton Ash is a journalist and it shows through in his writing, making the book both an excellent witness account as well as a well researched text. With Russia and Eastern Europe back in the news recently, I think the Magic Lantern is a great read and provides excellent insight into a region with a dynamic political history."
15 reviews8 followers
March 1, 2009
This is an eyewitness account of the behind the scenes (and mostly peaceful demonstrations) movements/negotiations that took place leading to the fall of communism in Warsaw, Berlin, Budapest and Prague. Although a, confessed one sided witness by the author, it was very enlightening and great to hear of those people who give their lives to bring freedom to their oppressed countries. We may need to take a page out of their book and fight for our freedoms here!
Profile Image for Elisse.
12 reviews
December 31, 2010
This book is something I am reading for my european history class here at BYU. It has been pretty boring- a lot of political jargon thrown in that I felt was superfluous. The author tends to self-aggrandize, and he is really jumpy. I am surprised that the fall of communism can be told in a way that makes me hate reading the book. However, I am only 1/3 through, so hopefully it will improve by the fall of the Berlin Wall.
Profile Image for Joseph Serwach.
161 reviews11 followers
March 14, 2010
Good eye witness account of the historic revolutionary changes of 1989 that swept through Poland, Hungary, East Germany and the then-Czechoslavakia. Book was originally written in 1990 but has a ``10 years later'' chapter written in 1999. He argues if there was one ``beginning of the end'' that set it all in motion, it was the visit of John Paul II to Poland in June 1979, eight months after becoming Pope. Solidarity followed then the election of Reagan, the rise of Gorbachev, etc.
Profile Image for Larold Aarence.
76 reviews32 followers
February 27, 2015
Revolutions happen, Garton Ash believes, when the elites of a society lose their belief in their own imperium.

Some gangly kid with acne says to the Politburo chairmen: "You can't beat us! You don't have any right to beat us!" And the Politburo chairmen look at their hands and say: "You are right; we have no right to beat you. The ends do not justify the means. We will dismantle our government right away."
Profile Image for Shervinrmz.
102 reviews4 followers
January 14, 2022
این کتاب در واقع همون "ما مردم" هستش که نشر ثالث در ۱۴۰۰ چاپ کرده، اشتباها هر ۲ کتاب رو نخرید

در خصوص این اثر باید بگم کتاب بدی نیست، اما قبل از آغاز باید اطلاعات کافی در خصوص شخصیت‌ها و شرایط لهستان، آلمان شرقی و ... داشته باشید.
روایت‌هایی که گارتون به عنوان شاهد عینی در این کتاب میاره اغلب خواندنی ست و کلیدواژه‌های خیلی جذابی برای جست‌وجوی بیشتر در اختیار خواننده می‌ذاره، اما فکر کنم بهتر باشه ابتدا "سرزمین‌های شبح‌‌زده" تینا روزنبرگ رو بخونید بعد این کتابو آغاز کنید.
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