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μακρός , ά, όν [α^ by nature],
A.long, whether of Space or Time,
I. of Space,
1. in length, long, “δόρυIl.7.140; νέες, νῆες μ. ships of war, Hdt.7.21, Th.1.41, etc. (collect. in sg., A.Pers.380); “πλοῖα μ.Hdt. 5.30, Th.1.14; ἐπὶ τὰ -ότερα measured by the longer sides, i. e. length-wise, Hdt.1.50; τὰ μ. τείχη the long walls of Athens, Th.8.71, etc.; “ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ ΠοτειδανίῳSIG247 iii 11 (Delph., iv B. C.); μακρά (sc. γραμμή), line traced by δικασταί to indicate the heavier penalty, Ar.V.106; μ. δρόμος the long-distance torch-race, SIG 1068.9 (Patmos, iii/ii B. C.), al., OGI339.83 (Sestos, ii B. C.).
2. in height, tall, high, μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων, Il.15.193, 13.18,9.541, Od.1.127, etc.; of a man, “μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι8.20, cf. 18.195; “μ. πύκτηςPLond.3.1158.6 (iii A. D.).
b. reversely, deep, “φρείαταIl.21.197; “φάραγξHerod.8.17.
5. dat. μακρῷ, to strengthen Comp. and Sup., by far, “μ. πρῶτοςHdt.1.34; “ἄριστος μ.Id.9.71; “ἀσθενεστέρα μ.A.Pr.514, cf. Pl.Phlb.66e; “μ. μάλισταHdt.1.171, cf. A.Eu.30, etc.; “κάκιστα δὴ μ.S.Ant.895: also with Verbs implying comparison, “ἀριστεύει μ.A.Pr.890 (lyr.), cf. D.H.1.2.
II. of Time, long (Hom. only in Od.), ἤματα, νύξ, 10.470, 11.373; αἰών v. l. in Pi.N.3.75; “μ. χρόνοςHdt.1.32, etc.; οὐ μ. χρόνου for no long time, S.Ant.1078, etc.; “διὰ μ. χρόνουA.Pers.741 (troch.); “ἐν χρόνῳ μ.S.OC88, etc.; “δι᾽ αἰῶνος μ.A.Supp.582 (lyr.); “τὸν μ. βίονId.Pr.449; “τοῦ μ. βίουS.Aj.473; μηνὶ -ότερος by a month, Hdt.1.32; μακρῷ (cf. 1.5) “πρότερονGal.8.958; μ. ἐέλδωρ a long-cherished wish, Od.23.54; μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα, S.El.375, E.Hec.297.
2. long, tedious, Pi.N.4.33, etc.; “λόγοιS.El.1335, Th. 3.60, etc.; μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν (sc. ῥῆσιν) Ar.Th.382; “οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόνPhilem.97.7; μακρόν [ἐστι] c. inf., Lat. longum est, Pi.I.6(5).56; “μ. ἂν εἴη γράφεινX.Ages.7.1. Adv. -“ρῶς, λέγεσθαιAntiph. 268: Comp. -ότερον, ποιεῖς you are taking too long, PCair.Zen. 48.4 (iii B. C.), cf. Philippid.21.
3. Gramm., long in quantity, “φωνήενταArist.Po.1458a11, D.H.Comp.15; μακρά (sc. συλλαβή), , A.D.Pron.92.12; “ φύσει μ.Id.Adv.179.16: Comp., “φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳArist.Po.1458a1; also μακρά (sc. προσῳδία), , mark of long quantity, S.E.M.1.113, D.T.Supp.674.7; “α_ μακρόνA.D.Pron.112. 6.
III. neut. with Preps. in adverb. sense, διὰ μακροῦ (sc. χρόνου) after a long time, long delayed, E.Hec.320, Ph.1069; οὐ διὰ μακροῦ not long after, Th.6.15,91, Pl.Alc.2.151b (also of place, “οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς ῬώμηςD.H.9.56); “διὰ μακρῶνE.Fr.420.1; “διὰ μακρᾶςPhalar.Ep. 69.1; but διὰ μακρῶν at great length, Pl.Grg.449b, etc.; “διὰ μακροτέρωνIsoc.4.106; μικρῷ διὰ μ. at somewhat greater length, Arist. Pol.1279b11.
IV. regul. Comp. and Sup., v. supr.: irreg. Comp. μάσσων, Sup. μήκιστος, v. sub vocc.
V. Adv. -ρῶς at great length, opp. συντόμως, Arist.Rh. 1416b4; slowly, Plb.3.51.2; μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν have long legs, Philostr.Gym.31; of pronunciation, D.H.Comp.15; “μ. ἐκφέρειν συλλαβήνStr.13.1.68: but the Adv. is usu. expressed by neut. μακρόν or μακρά, cf. supr. 1.3; μακρὰ κλάειν to howl loudly, Ar.Th.211; “οἰμώξει μ.Id.Av.1207, Pl.111; “ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ.Id.Lys.520; τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγειν; Antiph.33.5; also by μακράν (v. sub voc.); or by neut. with a Prep., v. supr. 111: for Comp. and Sup. of the Adv., v. μακροτέρως, μακροτάτω: neut. pl. -ότερα as Adv., Pl.Phdr.250c, al.— Fem. μακρά not to be confused with μάκρα (q. v.). (Cf. Avest. mas-'long', Lat. ma^cer.
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